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Urbanization, trade, print, literacy, mobility, and standardization create an early globalization that is psychologically frustrating and bewildering for ordinary people.
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Urbanization, trade, print, literacy, mobility, and standardization create an early globalization that is psychologically frustrating and bewildering for ordinary people.
After the year 1000, climate, agricultural tools, trade, and urban growth make Europe wealthier, but that wealth also produces inequality and the high point of feudalism.
Those embedded myths show social evolution in Mesopotamia: Tiamat is the life-giving mother goddess of agriculture, the gods mark the urban world, and the battle marks the old agricultural order against the new urban order.
Rome's poor were pulled into long foreign wars, lost farms to debt, and were displaced into cities while rich landowners shifted land toward export cash crops.
"...villages to the cities. Okay? You have this massive process of urbanization. Also because in the Industrial Revolution, there's more trade. There's another market...."
"Inside this church is a lot of gold, okay? A lot of gold. So in its thousand years, close to 2,000 years of history,..."
"And this allowed Europe to start trading with the rest of the world, primarily the Abbasid Caliphate, which we discussed last week. And as..."
"die if his people die, but if your people live on because of your contributions, then you'll remember forever. You'll become immortal, okay? And..."
"She's the one who gives life. So this shows Mesopotamia as an agricultural civilization. And then you have the emergence of the gods, which..."
"And they are much more likely to win political office, okay, in their careers. Okay? So the triumph is a very, very big thing...."
"And there's a problem because first of all, the poor didn't have any land in order to grow food. So they were forced into..."
"...engage in the Gunpowder Revolution. And with that, you have industrialization, urbanization, and that causes the population to increase. But if you see about..."
"...Romans conquer Britain, they bring Roman technology, which is aqueducts, irrigation, urbanization. They will also bring Roman customs, especially law. Okay?"
Mesopotamia turns geography into mythology: where Egypt imagines divine generosity and pyramidal immortality, the land between two uncooperative rivers learns struggle, creative destruction, and the more fragile immortality of being remembered by the people...
Julius Caesar was not only a general or politician.
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