Racism

Jiang agrees that race and name can block community belonging, saying immigrants such as himself in Canada are never fully accepted as insiders.

He says Canada is extremely racist and that this experience was part of why he left for China, even though China later revealed he was not culturally Chinese either.

He says asking people to become completely open-minded and non-racist runs against human nature as he understands it.

Jiang argues that the Spanish period explanation is rejected because of its racist self-understanding, but that its religious logic still contains more evidence than current scholarly interpretation allows.

Urban II's speech is presented as spreading racist rumors about Muslims to generate crusading anger.

Race and racism are framed as modern concepts produced by imperialism's need to justify conquest by calling conquered peoples inferior.

Jiang says his hardest adolescent period was high school in Canada, where he faced daily racist bullying, academic collapse, abuse at home, and repeated suicidal thoughts.

He also says America is probably the least racist country in the world in practical opportunity terms because hard-working immigrants can still become successful there.