Topic brief
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Gunpowder has three world-historical effects in Jiang's frame: it ends the steppe threat, begins Europe's global dominance, and triggers a whole-society revolution in Europe.
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Gunpowder has three world-historical effects in Jiang's frame: it ends the steppe threat, begins Europe's global dominance, and triggers a whole-society revolution in Europe.
The War of the Holy League is presented as the turning point when Europe defeats the Ottoman Empire and the Ottomans begin rapid decline.
"This is a revolution now in Europe. So over the centuries, what will happen is this. Gunpowder will radically remake the world in three..."
"The sinking of the Spanish Armada by the English. We said this 30 years before, which was a religious war between the Protestants, Protestant..."
Gunpowder is not powerful because it makes a louder weapon.
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