model
Jiang explains IVC walls as tools of economic administration rather than war: customs houses collected tolls and taxes from traders entering the city.
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Topic brief
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Customs
Jiang explains IVC walls as tools of economic administration rather than war: customs houses collected tolls and taxes from traders entering the city.
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Key Notes
diagnosis
Jiang says the IVC decline may have been revolutionary, with old customs and mores being overthrown amid climate stress and social tension.
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Timestamped Evidence
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"...inside these cities. Why are there walls? Can anyone guess? Okay. Customs. Taxes. Okay? Meaning this is, again, a value -added, adding process center...."
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"...would even say it was a revolutionary time. Okay? When old customs and old mores were being overthrown. Okay? Because of climate change the..."
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"...they believe to be good and bad. They dictate habits and customs, how you live your life. And they dictate the legal system, who's..."
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"...born in the community, and you just did what tradition and custom and family asked you to do. But Jean -Jacques Rousseau was the..."
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"...everything we know because most of stuff we know is either custom or habit okay so let's say the idea of さどこなんてははは of skepticism..."
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"...to go home. Okay? But before he goes home, as a custom, they host a banquet for him. Okay? And they really don't know..."
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"All right, can you read, Alan? It is a custom during the Jewish wedding that a distinguished person sit by the groom. I wanted..."
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"...Brothers, though I had done nothing against our people or the customs of all ancestors, yet I was arrested in Jerusalem and handed over..."
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"...not work on Saturdays. Obey the law of Moses. Obey the customs and traditions. Okay? Obey the laws of the Jewish tradition. And what..."
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"...That's the first thing. Second thing is that there are certain customs and laws of the Jewish people. Okay? The Jewish people see themselves..."
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"...Why? Because if you just obey the fathers, the laws, the customs, then you're going to be a Roman citizen. And as such, what's..."
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"...rape of the seven women didn't really happen. But what the custom is if I go kill you, I kill you and I steal..."
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Relevant Lectures And Readings
Reading
A source-grounded reading of the episode's central claim: the Indus Valley was a peaceful trade civilization whose lost religion may survive as the Indian nostalgia for oneness, false reality, and liberation without the gatekeeper.
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