evidence
Constantinople endured because its Theodosian walls, sea walls, and Greek fire made the city hard to besiege by land or sea.
Topic brief
A Jiang Lens evidence brief for this topic, built from source tags, transcript matches, and linked source refs.
Fortification
Jiang presents war as the theory that farming and settlement made defense easier, with chimpanzee violence as supporting primate evidence.
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Key Notes
model
Jiang presents war as the theory that farming and settlement made defense easier, with chimpanzee violence as supporting primate evidence.
Timestamped Evidence
Transcript
"discussed, one more popular interpretations, explanations is the idea of Arianism, where Jesus is a lesser divinity to God. Okay. The Council of Nicaea..."
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"This is just a person. You can see that there are two walls. There's a moat protecting it. So for a thousand years, these..."
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"And they want to obviously overrun Constantinople. And ultimately what saves the city is the invention of something called Greek fire, which is basically..."
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"We can only guess about what happened so the first theory is the idea of coercion Okay, and what this basically means is that..."
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"...and therefore When we have the chance we'll settle down build fortifications build walls and fight each other Okay, that's the second theory. And..."
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"...against the Romans. So, what the Romans do is they build fortifications to block out the invaders. Okay? So, they're fighting wars on both..."
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"...confronted them, and they were outnumbered. So the Roman legion built fortifications. And every day, the natives would come and taunt the Roman soldiers...."
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"...remember is that there's always been a battle between artillery and fortification, okay? So even though the Ottomans used a cannon to destroy Constantinople,..."
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"...agricultural empires, China and the Persians, they have built walls and fortifications to counter their threat, okay? So as you can see, the Mongols..."
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"...and because Russia is a land army, it started to develop fortifications, defenses, okay? Mainly artillery. And that's three lines of defenses. And in..."
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Relevant Lectures And Readings
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Byzantium survives for a thousand years because it solves Rome's political problem.
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A source-grounded reading of the lecture's central reversal: agriculture was not an obvious leap into progress.
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