A survival posture Jiang attributes to steppe peoples: trade if trade benefits them, kill if killing benefits them.
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Opportunistic culture
A survival posture Jiang attributes to steppe peoples: trade if trade benefits them, kill if killing benefits them.
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Timestamped Evidence
"...forced to engage in cattle raiding. Okay? And over time, their culture became very aggressive, expansionist, and opportunistic. Opportunistic just means they'll do whatever..."
"...it's my speculation. It is because of their interaction with other cultures that convinced them to pursue a peaceful and egalitarian lifestyle. Now, there..."
Relevant Lectures And Readings
A source-grounded reading of the episode's central claim: the Indus Valley was a peaceful trade civilization whose lost religion may survive as the Indian nostalgia for oneness, false reality, and liberation without the gatekeeper.
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