model
Jiang broadens Western civilization beyond Europe and America to include Egypt, Mesopotamia, and the Indus Valley because those regions were in long-running trade contact and jointly built its foundations.
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Indus
Jiang broadens Western civilization beyond Europe and America to include Egypt, Mesopotamia, and the Indus Valley because those regions were in long-running trade contact and jointly built its foundations.
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Key Notes
model
Jiang says Western society was integrated through trade and communication from the beginning, so Egypt, Mesopotamia, and the Indus cannot be understood as isolated civilizations.
Timestamped Evidence
Transcript
"...Mesopotamia is able to connect Anatolia, Asia, Central Asia, and then Indus Valley is able to do the same thing, okay? China is a..."
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"So you may have thought that Western civilization is just Europe and America, that's not true. Okay, if you just look at the history,..."
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"But these three areas, Egypt, Mesopotamia, and the Indus Valley, you can see how close they are to each other and how they can..."
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"It's where all civilizations meet. But as you can also see, it's also extremely fertile, okay? So this has historically been the wealthiest part..."
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"...been a point of trade between the Levant, Egypt, and the Indus Valley civilization. Okay? India. Okay? So, Arabia, they do a lot of..."
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"...okay so remember the four earliest civilizations are egypt mesopotamia uh indus valley and of course china and as we discussed the reason why..."
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"...as we discussed, these are the four major civilizations, right? China, Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, and Egypt. Okay? And they now, because they're at war,..."
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"...that did not work out like this is something called the Indus Valley Civilization which is modern day Pakistan. And we'll discuss this later..."
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"...are, of course, Egypt, Mesopotamia, which is modern -day Iraq, the Indus Valley civilization. This is also referred to as the Harappan, okay? Harappan..."
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"...Arabian Sea, which goes into the Indian Ocean. And so the Indus is the same situation, okay? Goes in the Arabian Sea and then..."
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"...these four societies that first came into being are China, the Indus Valley civilization, the Harappan civilization, which is now northern India. Mesopotamia, which..."
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"...it's the same system. No difference at all. The IVC, the Indus Valley civilization, created religion. And what's remarkable, And what's remarkable, about the..."
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