{ "generated_by": "Generated by ops/scripts/compile-content.mjs. Do not edit by hand.", "generated_at": "deterministic", "slug": "predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq", "id": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq", "source_class": "episode", "collection": "episodes", "title": "Civilization #51: Shakespeare's Language of Empire", "source_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ", "video_id": "Qms7trnKwqQ", "embed_url": "https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/Qms7trnKwqQ", "published_at": "2025-05-14", "recorded_at": null, "date_precision": "day", "date_label": "2025-05-14, day precision", "chronology_status": "dated", "channel": { "id": "UC11aHtNnc5bEPLI4jf6mnYg", "handle": "@PredictiveHistory", "title": "Predictive History", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC11aHtNnc5bEPLI4jf6mnYg" }, "path_base": "/episodes", "path": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_path": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/", "data_url": "/data/lens/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq.json", "counts": { "semantic_passes": 10, "interactions": 15, "speaker_notes": 10, "claims": 35, "signature_moments": 20, "predictions": 0, "models": 22, "glossary_terms": 20, "chronology_notes": 5, "uncertainty_notes": 10, "glossary_candidates": 20, "transcript_segments": 73, "transcript_words": 11148, "duration_seconds": 4703.31, "duration_label": "1:18:23" }, "paths": { "source": "content/sources/videos/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/source.yaml", "transcript": "content/sources/videos/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcripts/v1/transcript.clean.jsonl", "semantic_bundle": "content/lens/evidence/videos/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq.semantic.json", "semantic_passes": [ "content/workflow/proposals/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/packet-0001.semantic.json", "content/workflow/proposals/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/packet-0002.semantic.json", "content/workflow/proposals/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/packet-0003.semantic.json", "content/workflow/proposals/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/packet-0004.semantic.json", "content/workflow/proposals/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/packet-0005.semantic.json", "content/workflow/proposals/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/packet-0006.semantic.json", "content/workflow/proposals/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/packet-0007.semantic.json", "content/workflow/proposals/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/packet-0008.semantic.json", "content/workflow/proposals/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/packet-0009.semantic.json", "content/workflow/proposals/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/packet-0010.semantic.json" ], "read": "content/lens/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/read.json" }, "read": { "id": "episode-read:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq:v1", "kind": "episode-read", "schema_version": 2, "source_id": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq", "slug": "predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq", "title": "Shakespeare, The Language Engine Of Empire", "subtitle": "A cleaned reading of Civilization #51", "read_time": "13 min", "editorial_mode": "distilled-lecture", "voice_policy": "Direct argumentative prose derived from the lecture. Avoid repeated third-person framing. Do not impersonate first-person authorship except when quoting verified source material.", "trace_policy": "Paragraph-level transcript refs. Keep sweeping historical claims framed as lecture interpretation.", "dek": "English becomes empire because Shakespeare turns language into infrastructure. Words are not labels. They are soft power, music, memory, psychology, and a kind of surgery on the civilizational brain.", "thesis": "The lecture begins with four rival Christian-Roman civilizations and then narrows to Britain. The British Empire is founded not only by ships, banks, and law, but by a poet who makes English flexible enough to absorb the world. Shakespeare rewires imagination through diction, iambic pentameter, visual speech, and rhetorical reversals. Yet the lecture is not simple worship. Shakespeare may be beautiful without Dantean depth, a pretty nothingness. His imperial afterlife is even darker: Britain can use him as proof that it is civilized and others are not. The final turn is Othello, where Jiang rejects modern race-first readings and makes Shakespeare a psychologist of ordinary envy.", "opening": { "heading": "Core Reading", "text": "This is a lecture about empire disguised as a lecture about literature. The central claim is that Shakespeare founded the British Empire because he founded the imperial form of English. Language is not treated as vocabulary plus grammar. It is a culture, a philosophy, an identity, and a way of seeing. When English becomes the language everyone learns, Anglo-American civilization enters their imagination with it. Shakespeare's achievement is to make that language musical, flexible, memorable, and portable enough to become the world's linguistic internet.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0008", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0008", "segment_id": "seg-0008", "start": 476.95, "end": 544.467, "time_label": "7:56", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "So next class, we'll discuss America in greater detail. Today, we will focus on the British Empire, which is founded by William Shakespeare. So we will discuss William Shakespeare today. Next week, we'll start to focus..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "segment_id": "seg-0009", "start": 544.467, "end": 613.56, "time_label": "9:04", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But understand the overall framework is there are four different civilizations that will drive human modernity. And they are in conflict with each other. And it's because of this conflict that drives human innovation. O..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "segment_id": "seg-0047", "start": 2913.09, "end": 2995.86, "time_label": "48:33", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It is activating all your emotions, all your senses. There's the visual, okay? There's a sound, there's a smell, there's a touch. And gathering swallows twitter in the sky. Okay? That's what poetry is. Poetry is the exp..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] }, "beats": [ { "id": "four-civilizations-frame", "heading": "Four Civilizations Enter The Frame", "time_range": "00:00-09:04", "summary": "The lecture starts by placing Britain inside a late-course map of Russian, German, British, and American civilizations fighting for modernity.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0008" ], "paragraphs": [ { "id": "four-civilizations-frame-001", "text": "The first move is comparative. Russia, Germany, Britain, and America all claim Christian and Roman inheritance, but geography bends each inheritance into a different character. Russia becomes vast, cold, mystical, Orthodox, and defensive. Germany lacks natural boundaries and develops will to power and living space. Britain is an island fortress: practical, empirical, utilitarian, and imperial. America is a continental fortress that can choose isolation, yet imagines Manifest Destiny as divine control of the Western Hemisphere.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0002", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0007" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "segment_id": "seg-0001", "start": 0, "end": 80.544, "time_label": "0:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay, good morning. So this class we are focusing on William Shakespeare. But before I do that, I want to give you an overview of how we will end the course. To end the course, we will focus on the four great modern civ..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0002", "segment_id": "seg-0002", "start": 80.544, "end": 145.39, "time_label": "1:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It is always being attacked and threatened by adversaries. Okay, the British, it's an island fortress. The Americans are the most interesting because it is a continental fortress. It is not only invincible, it cannot be..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "segment_id": "seg-0006", "start": 348.26, "end": 404.28, "time_label": "5:48", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "The concept is called living space. So throughout its history, the German people have always been invaded, attacked by its adversaries. So to protect itself, it needs living space. It needs to move out and colonize its..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0007", "segment_id": "seg-0007", "start": 404.28, "end": 475.85, "time_label": "6:44", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that the British culture is inherently superior to all other cultures, and as such, the British have a responsibility to go out and civilize and educate, and enlighten all others, okay. So this is the philosophy that dr..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] }, { "id": "four-civilizations-frame-002", "text": "That opening matters because Shakespeare is not introduced as a school author. He is introduced as the founder of one of the four modern civilizational machines. The argument is larger than England. From roughly 1800 to 2000, conflict among these civilizations drives creativity, science, technology, philosophy, and culture. Shakespeare will explain how Britain enters that conflict through language.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0008", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0008", "segment_id": "seg-0008", "start": 476.95, "end": 544.467, "time_label": "7:56", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "So next class, we'll discuss America in greater detail. Today, we will focus on the British Empire, which is founded by William Shakespeare. So we will discuss William Shakespeare today. Next week, we'll start to focus..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "segment_id": "seg-0009", "start": 544.467, "end": 613.56, "time_label": "9:04", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But understand the overall framework is there are four different civilizations that will drive human modernity. And they are in conflict with each other. And it's because of this conflict that drives human innovation. O..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] } ], "start": 0, "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "segment_id": "seg-0001", "start": 0, "end": 80.544, "time_label": "0:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay, good morning. So this class we are focusing on William Shakespeare. But before I do that, I want to give you an overview of how we will end the course. To end the course, we will focus on the four great modern civ..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0008", "segment_id": "seg-0008", "start": 476.95, "end": 544.467, "time_label": "7:56", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "So next class, we'll discuss America in greater detail. Today, we will focus on the British Empire, which is founded by William Shakespeare. So we will discuss William Shakespeare today. Next week, we'll start to focus..." } ] }, { "id": "language-as-brain-surgery", "heading": "Language Becomes Brain Surgery", "time_range": "09:04-19:55", "summary": "English becomes empire because Shakespeare makes language a tool for rewiring imagination, not merely transmitting information.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016" ], "paragraphs": [ { "id": "language-as-brain-surgery-001", "text": "The central question is how Shakespeare transforms English into the language of empire. The answer begins with soft power. When people learn English, they do not only learn words. They learn a culture, a philosophy, an identity. That is why English can convince people that Anglo-American culture is superior even when Jiang says this is not objectively true.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "segment_id": "seg-0009", "start": 544.467, "end": 613.56, "time_label": "9:04", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But understand the overall framework is there are four different civilizations that will drive human modernity. And they are in conflict with each other. And it's because of this conflict that drives human innovation. O..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "segment_id": "seg-0010", "start": 613.6, "end": 678.68, "time_label": "10:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "When objectively speaking, it is not. You can make the argument that Russian and German culture is far superior to Anglo -American culture. But everyone, especially young people in the world today, believes that Anglo -..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] }, { "id": "language-as-brain-surgery-002", "text": "Great art enters collective consciousness and changes how a civilization sees. Shakespeare does this through imagery, grammar, vocabulary, and especially diction: new uses of ordinary words. A dagger can become fat and short, a question can dagger a person, a voice can become daggerly. The point is not the dagger. The point is that a word can be bent until the mind must imagine differently.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0015" ], "marks": [ { "text": "a word can be bent until the mind must imagine differently", "lens_points": [ "lens-point:poetry-language-as-imperial-platform" ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "segment_id": "seg-0015", "start": 954.24, "end": 1007.85, "time_label": "15:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Now, the word dagger actually exists in the English language, but it means you carry a dagger with you, OK? So if I say, I am daggered, it means there's a bag in my pocket. And that's a traditional use of dagger. But th..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "segment_id": "seg-0016", "start": 1007.85, "end": 1080.64, "time_label": "16:47", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "he finds new ways of using it in his plays that forces us to reimagine the world in a different way, all right? That's the power of Shakespeare. Now, what this is saying is this. What Shakespeare understands is that lan..." } ], "lens_points_detail": [ { "id": "lens-point:poetry-language-as-imperial-platform", "valid": true, "concept": "poetry-civilization", "title": null, "doc_title": "How Poetry Creates Civilization", "doc_slug": "lens/how-poetry-creates-civilization", "url": "/lens/how-poetry-creates-civilization/#poetry-language-as-imperial-platform", "text": "Poetry becomes imperial infrastructure when language enters memory, rewires perception, and travels as a platform through which a civilization opens the world while filtering it through its own assumptions.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ] } ] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "segment_id": "seg-0010", "start": 613.6, "end": 678.68, "time_label": "10:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "When objectively speaking, it is not. You can make the argument that Russian and German culture is far superior to Anglo -American culture. But everyone, especially young people in the world today, believes that Anglo -..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "segment_id": "seg-0011", "start": 678.68, "end": 755.38, "time_label": "11:18", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "rewires the brain to make the civilization see the world in a new way, which causes people to behave differently, OK? So we discussed this about Homer and Dante, right? Especially Homer and Dante. Today I'll show you ho..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "segment_id": "seg-0013", "start": 823.2, "end": 894.85, "time_label": "13:43", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "new words are being introduced into England because of revolutions in agriculture, in trade, in communication, in technology, OK? So at this point in history, England is going out into the world and it's transforming it..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "segment_id": "seg-0015", "start": 954.24, "end": 1007.85, "time_label": "15:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Now, the word dagger actually exists in the English language, but it means you carry a dagger with you, OK? So if I say, I am daggered, it means there's a bag in my pocket. And that's a traditional use of dagger. But th..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "language-as-brain-surgery-003", "text": "The lecture's strongest image is neurological. Language is a portal into the framework of the mind. By manipulating language, Shakespeare performs surgery on the synapses. Poetry is not decoration; it is a technology for changing perception.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016" ], "marks": [ { "text": "surgery on the synapses", "lens_points": [ "lens-point:poetry-language-as-imperial-platform" ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "segment_id": "seg-0016", "start": 1007.85, "end": 1080.64, "time_label": "16:47", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "he finds new ways of using it in his plays that forces us to reimagine the world in a different way, all right? That's the power of Shakespeare. Now, what this is saying is this. What Shakespeare understands is that lan..." } ], "lens_points_detail": [ { "id": "lens-point:poetry-language-as-imperial-platform", "valid": true, "concept": "poetry-civilization", "title": null, "doc_title": "How Poetry Creates Civilization", "doc_slug": "lens/how-poetry-creates-civilization", "url": "/lens/how-poetry-creates-civilization/#poetry-language-as-imperial-platform", "text": "Poetry becomes imperial infrastructure when language enters memory, rewires perception, and travels as a platform through which a civilization opens the world while filtering it through its own assumptions.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ] } ] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "segment_id": "seg-0016", "start": 1007.85, "end": 1080.64, "time_label": "16:47", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "he finds new ways of using it in his plays that forces us to reimagine the world in a different way, all right? That's the power of Shakespeare. Now, what this is saying is this. What Shakespeare understands is that lan..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "start": 544, "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "segment_id": "seg-0009", "start": 544.467, "end": 613.56, "time_label": "9:04", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But understand the overall framework is there are four different civilizations that will drive human modernity. And they are in conflict with each other. And it's because of this conflict that drives human innovation. O..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "segment_id": "seg-0016", "start": 1007.85, "end": 1080.64, "time_label": "16:47", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "he finds new ways of using it in his plays that forces us to reimagine the world in a different way, all right? That's the power of Shakespeare. Now, what this is saying is this. What Shakespeare understands is that lan..." } ] }, { "id": "low-theatre-mass-education", "heading": "Low Theatre Educates The Masses", "time_range": "19:55-35:28", "summary": "Shakespeare reaches ordinary people through music, theatre, and low-class entertainment, turning mass amusement into civilizational education.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0024" ], "paragraphs": [ { "id": "low-theatre-mass-education-001", "text": "Shakespeare was not primarily read. He was performed. Ordinary people experienced the plays as music, dance, spectacle, and memory. Iambic pentameter makes speech sing, and because song is memorable, Shakespeare's language can enter people who do not read. That is why Jiang calls it surgery on the imagination of civilization.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0018" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "segment_id": "seg-0017", "start": 1081.5, "end": 1148.172, "time_label": "18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "When people spoke Shakespeare, it was as though they were singing. And also, there were lots of, like, dance routines within the plays as well. Remember, these are people who are extremely ordinary, OK? Who are going to..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "segment_id": "seg-0018", "start": 1148.172, "end": 1221.98, "time_label": "19:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But if it's musical, then it's easy to remember because it becomes like a song, right? It's really easy for us to remember songs. So, flat iambic pentameter, Shakespeare's plays are memorable, beautiful, and resonant, m..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] }, { "id": "low-theatre-mass-education-002", "text": "The setting is important because it reverses the classroom image of Shakespeare. Theatre is low class. It sits near brothels, drinking, spitting, food, and bear baiting. The same place modern schools treat as high culture begins beside a blinded chained bear and gambling dogs. That vulgar setting is why it works: Shakespeare is educating the masses into a global imagination.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0020" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "segment_id": "seg-0019", "start": 1222.54, "end": 1284.51, "time_label": "20:22", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "So what they do is, they force all the theatre productions to be placed in the suburb of London. And that's where Shakespeare is going to work. By doing that, Shakespeare is being introduced to all the major theatre of..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "segment_id": "seg-0020", "start": 1284.89, "end": 1350.4, "time_label": "21:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They're also participating in something called, in a gambling activity called bear baiting. Bear baiting is really strange. But the idea is, you take a bear, you chain him up, you blind him, and then you have dogs attac..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] }, { "id": "low-theatre-mass-education-003", "text": "Hamlet supplies the first demonstration. The story is simple: a son receives a ghostly command to avenge his father. The problem is consciousness. Hamlet thinks too much. Analysis becomes paralysis. The famous soliloquy is smooth, musical, and memorable, but its real force is that it turns hesitation into a structure of thought.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0022", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0023", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0024" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "segment_id": "seg-0021", "start": 1350.64, "end": 1412.1, "time_label": "22:30", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They hate alcohol, they hate fun, they hate theatre, especially theatre. They hate Shakespeare. So they banned it. So during this time, Shakespeare is extremely controversial. So having gone into history, let's discuss..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0022", "segment_id": "seg-0022", "start": 1412.4, "end": 1475.86, "time_label": "23:32", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It is your responsibility as my son to seek vengeance against Claudius. So that's the mission of Hamlet. The problem is that Hamlet, he is a very analytical person. He thinks too much. Paralysis is analysis. So he spend..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0023", "segment_id": "seg-0023", "start": 1476.63, "end": 1540.3, "time_label": "24:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "All right. So, again, this is an iambic pentameter. To be or not to be, that is the question. Whether it is nobler in the mind to suffer the sling and arrows of outrageous fortune, or to take arms against a sea of troub..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0024", "segment_id": "seg-0024", "start": 1540.5, "end": 1598.32, "time_label": "25:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "With this regard, their currents turn awry and lose the name of action. Okay. So some brief comments about the soliloquy. First of all, as you can understand, it's beautiful. Right? It's also, if you think about it, pre..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] } ], "start": 1195, "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "segment_id": "seg-0017", "start": 1081.5, "end": 1148.172, "time_label": "18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "When people spoke Shakespeare, it was as though they were singing. And also, there were lots of, like, dance routines within the plays as well. Remember, these are people who are extremely ordinary, OK? Who are going to..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0024", "segment_id": "seg-0024", "start": 1540.5, "end": 1598.32, "time_label": "25:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "With this regard, their currents turn awry and lose the name of action. Okay. So some brief comments about the soliloquy. First of all, as you can understand, it's beautiful. Right? It's also, if you think about it, pre..." } ] }, { "id": "rhetoric-rewrites-action", "heading": "Rhetoric Rewrites Action", "time_range": "35:28-54:33", "summary": "Hamlet and Julius Caesar show how Shakespeare makes language carry many realities at once and then alter an audience's moral circuitry.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0040" ], "paragraphs": [ { "id": "rhetoric-rewrites-action-001", "text": "Jiang insists Hamlet is not as deep as Dante, but it is still powerful because the same line can hold several realities. To be or not to be can mean to live or die, to kill or not kill, to follow fate or defy it, or to ask why existence exists at all. All four readings can be true. Shakespeare's language is not a single door; it is a prism.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0026", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0027", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0028", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "segment_id": "seg-0025", "start": 1598.48, "end": 1648.33, "time_label": "26:38", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay? The fact of the matter is that in England, you're expected to read and know Shakespeare. Right? So it's Shakespeare that allows the British to have amazing English. All right. So this is very complicated. But it's..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0026", "segment_id": "seg-0026", "start": 1648.55, "end": 1701.13, "time_label": "27:28", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "And that is what frightens me. And that's why I continue to bear the misfortunes around me. It is my own mind that has made me a coward and why each time when I become determined, my resolve breaks apart and I cannot ac..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0027", "segment_id": "seg-0027", "start": 1702.06, "end": 1748.34, "time_label": "28:22", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Let's look at the first possible interpretation of to be or not to be. Okay? You can say it means to die or to live. I cannot decide. I do not know if it's more brave to live a painful life or to run away from it and es..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0028", "segment_id": "seg-0028", "start": 1748.4, "end": 1802.7, "time_label": "29:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "So you can interpret this as saying he's asking himself, how should he kill Claudius? Should he kill Claudius? Okay? That's a different interpretation. Yet another interpretation is should I follow my fate or should I d..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "segment_id": "seg-0029", "start": 1802.78, "end": 1861.66, "time_label": "30:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Should we suffer or should we fight? Okay? So this is the deepest meaning where he's actually asking what is existence? What is the point of all this? How do we get here? What is the purpose of existence? Okay? So there..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] }, { "id": "rhetoric-rewrites-action-002", "text": "It is also visual. Oral audiences see pictures: slings and arrows, a sea of troubles, the sleep of death, a ship whose current turns awry. Thought makes clear resolution dark. The moment you think too deeply about what you are doing, the ship collapses. Shakespeare turns psychology into images the crowd can carry.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0030", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "segment_id": "seg-0029", "start": 1802.78, "end": 1861.66, "time_label": "30:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Should we suffer or should we fight? Okay? So this is the deepest meaning where he's actually asking what is existence? What is the point of all this? How do we get here? What is the purpose of existence? Okay? So there..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0030", "segment_id": "seg-0030", "start": 1861.66, "end": 1921.9, "time_label": "31:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "of outrageous fortune or take arms against a sea of troubles and by opposing end them, the audience is seeing these pictures. They're seeing a movie in their heads. Okay? That's the attraction of Shakespeare. Okay? Do y..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "segment_id": "seg-0031", "start": 1921.9, "end": 1988.44, "time_label": "32:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "how something that is clear to us, once we think about it, becomes very dark and unclear. All right? So that's the power of Shakespeare. It's a visual language. All right. Another example. Enterprise of great pivot mome..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] }, { "id": "rhetoric-rewrites-action-003", "text": "Julius Caesar gives the political version. Brutus uses antithesis: honorable Brutus versus ambitious Caesar, freedom versus slavery. Mark Antony answers with chiasmus, a rhetorical mirror that collapses the opposition. Ambition and honor reflect each other until Caesar and Brutus no longer stay separate. This is speech as brain surgery. The crowd's moral structure changes.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0032", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0037" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0032", "segment_id": "seg-0032", "start": 1988.44, "end": 2052.212, "time_label": "33:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They're worried that he'll become king. So they plot to kill him. And Brutus and Cassius and all the conspirators kill Julius Caesar. And then Brutus and Cassius think this is over. Okay? But Mark Anthony, who is Caesar..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "segment_id": "seg-0033", "start": 2052.212, "end": 2109.49, "time_label": "34:12", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Brutus will be the first to give a speech. And then he'll be followed by Mark Anthony. So the strategy of Brutus is to use a rhetorical strategy called the antithesis. Okay? The antithesis is basically very simple. You..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "segment_id": "seg-0034", "start": 2109.77, "end": 2167.76, "time_label": "35:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay? In the human mind, you just see these two things as separate from each other. Mark Anthony then responds to Brutus using something called the chiasmus. Okay? The chiasmus, it's really interesting. The chiasmus tri..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "segment_id": "seg-0036", "start": 2222.54, "end": 2279.99, "time_label": "37:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "If Caesar is dead, we will continue to live as free men. Okay? Two exclusionary ideas developed by Brutus. Now, what Mark Anthony says, what he's going to do is, he's going to collapse this. Okay? He's going to change y..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0037", "segment_id": "seg-0037", "start": 2280.25, "end": 2342.72, "time_label": "38:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "O masters, if I were disposed to stir your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage, I should do Brutus wrong and Cassius wrong. Who, you all know, are honorable men. I will not do them wrong. I rather choose to wrong the de..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] }, { "id": "rhetoric-rewrites-action-004", "text": "The conditions that make Homer and Shakespeare possible are not elite seminars. They are blank-slate moments, rapid cultural change, oral memory, open competition, democratic audiences, and market feedback. Common people decide whether a performer is good by listening, remembering, returning, and paying. The free market forces imagination to sharpen.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0039", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0040" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "segment_id": "seg-0038", "start": 2343.16, "end": 2412.05, "time_label": "39:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay? Now, as we discussed way back at the beginning of this course, Homer did the same thing. So let's compare Homer and Shakespeare. How was it able that they were both able to be founders of great civilizations? All..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0039", "segment_id": "seg-0039", "start": 2412.89, "end": 2473.28, "time_label": "40:12", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "That's why they're able to sit through three hours of Shakespeare at one go and visualize his language. And this is like the most common person in Britain. Okay? These are not the elite. These are just commoners. And so..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0040", "segment_id": "seg-0040", "start": 2474.49, "end": 2525.57, "time_label": "41:14", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Democratic sensibilities. This is really important. Okay? Homer was talking to ordinary people. Shakespeare was talking to ordinary people. The problem with today's culture is there's a lot of market differentiation whe..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] } ], "start": 2128, "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "segment_id": "seg-0025", "start": 1598.48, "end": 1648.33, "time_label": "26:38", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay? The fact of the matter is that in England, you're expected to read and know Shakespeare. Right? So it's Shakespeare that allows the British to have amazing English. All right. So this is very complicated. But it's..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0040", "segment_id": "seg-0040", "start": 2474.49, "end": 2525.57, "time_label": "41:14", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Democratic sensibilities. This is really important. Okay? Homer was talking to ordinary people. Shakespeare was talking to ordinary people. The problem with today's culture is there's a lot of market differentiation whe..." } ] }, { "id": "linguistic-internet", "heading": "The Linguistic Internet Has A Cost", "time_range": "54:33-72:28", "summary": "Poetry creates worlds, English becomes a global platform, and Shakespeare's beauty becomes both imperial power and a possible pretty nothingness.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056" ], "paragraphs": [ { "id": "linguistic-internet-001", "text": "The poet is now raised to prophet. Homer, Dante, and Shakespeare are not finally driven by money, fame, or power, though Shakespeare becomes rich and famous. They are driven by a divine messianic mission to transform the world. Homer opens the human soul. Dante opens the mind of God. Shakespeare opens language as a reality unto itself.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0044" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "segment_id": "seg-0041", "start": 2526.07, "end": 2585.02, "time_label": "42:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Right? And it turned out that because of the free market and open corporate competition Shakespeare proved to be the best. Okay? And the last idea is poet as prophet. Okay? This is a really important idea where okay yes..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "segment_id": "seg-0042", "start": 2585.26, "end": 2649.42, "time_label": "43:05", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They were driven by a divine messianic mission to transform the world. Does that make sense guys? This is really important to understand. Great artists are driven by um a messianic mission to change the world for the be..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "segment_id": "seg-0043", "start": 2649.42, "end": 2715.41, "time_label": "44:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "was the language of the educated elite but in the vernacular in Tuscan so that ordinary people could access it. And by doing so he transformed Tuscan into the official Italian language that is spoken today. Um Shakespea..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "segment_id": "seg-0044", "start": 2715.71, "end": 2774.79, "time_label": "45:15", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "How did God create the universe? What does God want from us? Okay, that's a Levine comedy. Shakespeare is very different, okay? Shakespeare creates a new idea of language as a reality onto itself, all right? A reality o..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] }, { "id": "linguistic-internet-002", "text": "Keats shows what that means. Poetry creates a world you can enter. It activates sight, sound, smell, touch, emotion, and imagination. It is not only a picture but a moving world. When you enter it, it changes your soul and your capacity to think, feel, and imagine.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0046", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047" ], "marks": [ { "text": "Poetry creates a world you can enter", "lens_points": [ "lens-point:poetry-language-as-imperial-platform" ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "segment_id": "seg-0047", "start": 2913.09, "end": 2995.86, "time_label": "48:33", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It is activating all your emotions, all your senses. There's the visual, okay? There's a sound, there's a smell, there's a touch. And gathering swallows twitter in the sky. Okay? That's what poetry is. Poetry is the exp..." } ], "lens_points_detail": [ { "id": "lens-point:poetry-language-as-imperial-platform", "valid": true, "concept": "poetry-civilization", "title": null, "doc_title": "How Poetry Creates Civilization", "doc_slug": "lens/how-poetry-creates-civilization", "url": "/lens/how-poetry-creates-civilization/#poetry-language-as-imperial-platform", "text": "Poetry becomes imperial infrastructure when language enters memory, rewires perception, and travels as a platform through which a civilization opens the world while filtering it through its own assumptions.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ] } ] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "segment_id": "seg-0045", "start": 2775.6, "end": 2840.04, "time_label": "46:15", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "And this is from his most famous poem, To Autumn, which is considered the greatest English poem of all time. All right, so let's read it together, and then I'll show you how this is a reality onto itself. Where are the..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0046", "segment_id": "seg-0046", "start": 2840.26, "end": 2912.87, "time_label": "47:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It is language visualizing a new world, all right? So you see how the words match, right? While barred clouds bloom the soft dying day and touch the stubble plains with rosy hue. It's a painting, guys, all right? This o..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "segment_id": "seg-0047", "start": 2913.09, "end": 2995.86, "time_label": "48:33", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It is activating all your emotions, all your senses. There's the visual, okay? There's a sound, there's a smell, there's a touch. And gathering swallows twitter in the sky. Okay? That's what poetry is. Poetry is the exp..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "linguistic-internet-003", "text": "Then comes the cost. Shakespeare turns English into the world's linguistic internet, a platform where cultures and worldviews meet and cross-breed. But the platform is mediated through Anglo-American civilization, whose heart is utilitarian, skeptical, and empirical. English opens the world, but it also filters the world through Britain and America.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "segment_id": "seg-0047", "start": 2913.09, "end": 2995.86, "time_label": "48:33", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It is activating all your emotions, all your senses. There's the visual, okay? There's a sound, there's a smell, there's a touch. And gathering swallows twitter in the sky. Okay? That's what poetry is. Poetry is the exp..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "segment_id": "seg-0048", "start": 2997.01, "end": 3068.33, "time_label": "49:57", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "the first time, all cultures are able to meet together within the English language and communicate with each other. Okay? There's a problem with this. There's a problem with this. The problem is this. But this exchange..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] }, { "id": "linguistic-internet-004", "text": "That is why the lecture can admire Shakespeare and still doubt him. Compared with Dante, Shakespeare may be beautiful but not divine, a pretty nothingness. Paradise Lost receives the same suspicion: beautiful in places, but narrow as an epic vision beside Homer, Virgil, and Dante. Britain dominates the world, yet its culture may remain practical, limited, and less grand than the cultures it overpowers.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0052" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "segment_id": "seg-0049", "start": 3068.33, "end": 3139.85, "time_label": "51:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "-American culture, even though it dominates the world, it's pretty lackluster. It's very narrow -minded. It's very practical. It's pretty mediocre. Okay? And if you want to know what I mean by that, think about, think t..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "segment_id": "seg-0050", "start": 3139.85, "end": 3200.95, "time_label": "52:19", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But with Shakespeare, you're like, this is beautiful, but is it a pretty nothingness? Okay? That's a question I have. And again, to be fair, it's been a long time since I actually read Shakespeare. I've read most of his..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "segment_id": "seg-0051", "start": 3200.95, "end": 3274.82, "time_label": "53:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Why did Adam and Eve eat that forbidden fruit, and why were we banished from the Garden of Eden? And look, it's 12 books. It's 12 books. Which is a model of the great epics of integrity, Homer and Virgil. And there are..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0052", "segment_id": "seg-0052", "start": 3275.14, "end": 3335.89, "time_label": "54:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It's an island fortress. It sees itself as here to the Roman Empire. It is an Anglin religion. It's driven by the empiricists and euthanasian philosophies. Okay? And Shakespeare is really the founder of this great civil..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] }, { "id": "linguistic-internet-005", "text": "A student asks why Shakespeare is still performed and assigned if he did not publish his plays. The answer brings the oral argument back. There was no copyright incentive, little reading market, and no complete authorial archive. After his death, friends and actors preserve him through notes and memory in the First Folio. Shakespeare's monument is partly built from performance memory.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0053", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0053", "segment_id": "seg-0053", "start": 3335.89, "end": 3375.92, "time_label": "55:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_02", "excerpt": "okay yeah so okay so the question is what is like like so Shakespeare's is" }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "segment_id": "seg-0054", "start": 3375.92, "end": 3440.57, "time_label": "56:15", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "played off is performed all the time and you are forced to read Shakespeare in school so where is where do we get these place from okay so let me explain to you what's happening all right okay so Shakespeare's place all..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "segment_id": "seg-0055", "start": 3440.57, "end": 3506.82, "time_label": "57:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "for his actors to memorize but as but but but the benefit of I make pentameter is that actually the speeches are pretty easy to memorize okay and when he was alive Shakespeare was a national celebrity he perform his pla..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "segment_id": "seg-0056", "start": 3506.82, "end": 3579.18, "time_label": "58:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Shakespeare was so after his death his friends and I don't know their names okay but his friends want to remember him they want to memorize him okay so they start to publish his place it's something called the first fol..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] } ], "start": 3273, "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "segment_id": "seg-0041", "start": 2526.07, "end": 2585.02, "time_label": "42:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Right? And it turned out that because of the free market and open corporate competition Shakespeare proved to be the best. Okay? And the last idea is poet as prophet. Okay? This is a really important idea where okay yes..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "segment_id": "seg-0056", "start": 3506.82, "end": 3579.18, "time_label": "58:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Shakespeare was so after his death his friends and I don't know their names okay but his friends want to remember him they want to memorize him okay so they start to publish his place it's something called the first fol..." } ] }, { "id": "empire-and-othello", "heading": "Empire Co-opts The Psychologist", "time_range": "72:28-78:23", "summary": "The final questions turn Shakespeare into imperial credential and then into a psychologist whose truth lies in people rather than books.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "paragraphs": [ { "id": "empire-and-othello-001", "text": "A question about the white man's burden makes the imperial mechanism explicit. Shakespeare himself was not a globalist or imperialist. He was provincial, interested in London and theatre. But imperial Britain can co-opt him. We have Shakespeare; you do not. Therefore we are civilized, you are not, and we will educate you. Literature becomes a credential for conquest.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3640.71, "end": 3727.99, "time_label": "1:00:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "figure out what was shakespeare's original intention and i mean shakespeare think of him as a musician okay he's i mean like he's trying to um sing beauty and truth but a lot of it is not intentional a lot of it's not c..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "segment_id": "seg-0059", "start": 3727.99, "end": 3797.56, "time_label": "1:02:07", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "and in china and other places um what's the connection to shakespeare okay first of all shakespeare was not interested in the world okay he he was very provincial he was interested in london and that was about it i'm no..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "segment_id": "seg-0060", "start": 3797.56, "end": 3863.46, "time_label": "1:03:17", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "and this is why shakespeare is important because shakespeare allows him to say well do you have a shakespeare do you have do you have like 38 to 41 that are beautifully written well if you don't then that means you're n..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] }, { "id": "empire-and-othello-002", "text": "Another student asks about Othello through race, identity, and culture. Jiang's answer is sharp: Shakespeare's question is psychological before it is racial. Why would a man who loves his wife kill her? Why can pride, honor, achievement, and jealousy become fatal? Modern cultural readings can be imposed because the theme is universal, but Shakespeare's own interest is what drives humans.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0064" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "segment_id": "seg-0061", "start": 3863.46, "end": 3992.33, "time_label": "1:04:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "right okay but we'll discuss this when we enter the age of imperialism which is towards the 19th century and and then this will lead us into the great wars world uh world war one and world war two okay all right any mor..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "segment_id": "seg-0062", "start": 3992.33, "end": 4068.33, "time_label": "1:06:32", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "and so the question is So, he was stealing it from everyone, okay? Remember, this is a huge market for theater. There are dozens and dozens of really talented playwrights in London, in England, who are producing wonderf..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "segment_id": "seg-0063", "start": 4072.82, "end": 4147.93, "time_label": "1:07:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "So, when you look at Othello, he's asking himself, why is it that a man who loves his wife, what could drive him to kill his wife, okay? That's the question he's asking. he doesn't see Othello as a black person in a for..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0064", "segment_id": "seg-0064", "start": 4147.93, "end": 4203.95, "time_label": "1:09:07", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "or the Germans they hate but but you know what they cared about each other and they hated each other remember the main conflict in England at this point is the comic between the Catholics and the Protestants okay so the..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] }, { "id": "empire-and-othello-003", "text": "The most personal answer comes when a student asks how Shakespeare could focus on human psychology without elite education. The answer is that not being educated protected him from elite prejudice. He could observe humans as they are. He could see ordinary people as equal to himself. Truth is not in books but in people. Shakespeare is first an anthropologist and psychologist of people.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068" ], "marks": [ { "text": "Truth is not in books but in people", "lens_points": [ "lens-point:fictional-hero-observation-turns-legend-into-person" ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "segment_id": "seg-0068", "start": 4420.45, "end": 4479.64, "time_label": "1:13:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "something that I've observed I'm you're much better off talking to an individual who has a passion for history and who spent his entire life asking himself what is history but never really got a formal education never g..." } ], "lens_points_detail": [ { "id": "lens-point:fictional-hero-observation-turns-legend-into-person", "valid": true, "concept": "fictional-heroes-self", "title": null, "doc_title": "How Fictional Heroes Become Part Of The Self", "doc_slug": "lens/how-fictional-heroes-become-part-of-the-self", "url": "/lens/how-fictional-heroes-become-part-of-the-self/#fictional-hero-observation-turns-legend-into-person", "text": "A fictional figure becomes psychologically alive when inherited legend is fused with observed human behavior, so the reader can become the character and test ordinary motives inside a heightened story.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ] } ] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "segment_id": "seg-0065", "start": 4203.95, "end": 4267.9, "time_label": "1:10:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "is it possible that in insurance in certain circumstances this can be used against him and that's the that's the plot of Othello which makes it a Greek tragedy right the Greeks could work it's about hubris arrogance fat..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "segment_id": "seg-0066", "start": 4282.46, "end": 4343.67, "time_label": "1:11:22", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's a great question how is Shakespeare able to focus on human psychology given the fact that he's not well educated okay I will make the argument it is precisely because he's not well educated that he focused on hum..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "segment_id": "seg-0067", "start": 4343.67, "end": 4419.13, "time_label": "1:12:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "able to have tremendous empathy for other people, and therefore he's able to understand their psychology and his own psychology, all right? He's able to see people as a reflection of his own psychology, and that's what..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "segment_id": "seg-0068", "start": 4420.45, "end": 4479.64, "time_label": "1:13:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "something that I've observed I'm you're much better off talking to an individual who has a passion for history and who spent his entire life asking himself what is history but never really got a formal education never g..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "empire-and-othello-004", "text": "The last answer explains Shakespeare's method. He steals known legends, but he combines them with observed people. Hamlet, Othello, and King Lear become psychologically alive because they are no longer only stories. They become people. Othello, in this reading, is not finally a racial issue. It is a human issue: accomplishment provokes envy, and envy looks for a way to destroy the accomplished person.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0069", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "marks": [ { "text": "He steals known legends, but he combines them with observed people", "lens_points": [ "lens-point:fictional-hero-observation-turns-legend-into-person" ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4554.69, "end": 4623.78, "time_label": "1:15:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "question is how does Shakespeare develop his themes okay so so Othello sorry so Othello Hamlet King Lear Shakespeare all these plays are well -known stories okay there's many well -known stories but Shakespeare he is cu..." } ], "lens_points_detail": [ { "id": "lens-point:fictional-hero-observation-turns-legend-into-person", "valid": true, "concept": "fictional-heroes-self", "title": null, "doc_title": "How Fictional Heroes Become Part Of The Self", "doc_slug": "lens/how-fictional-heroes-become-part-of-the-self", "url": "/lens/how-fictional-heroes-become-part-of-the-self/#fictional-hero-observation-turns-legend-into-person", "text": "A fictional figure becomes psychologically alive when inherited legend is fused with observed human behavior, so the reader can become the character and test ordinary motives inside a heightened story.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ] } ] }, { "text": "Hamlet, Othello, and King Lear become psychologically alive because they are no longer only stories", "lens_points": [ "lens-point:fictional-hero-observation-turns-legend-into-person" ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4554.69, "end": 4623.78, "time_label": "1:15:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "question is how does Shakespeare develop his themes okay so so Othello sorry so Othello Hamlet King Lear Shakespeare all these plays are well -known stories okay there's many well -known stories but Shakespeare he is cu..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4623.78, "end": 4681.37, "time_label": "1:17:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "get you get a lot of interesting psychology all right so let's imagine you become Hamlet and you become Othello and you were in the circumstance where your father has come and told and give you a mission to go kill your..." } ], "lens_points_detail": [ { "id": "lens-point:fictional-hero-observation-turns-legend-into-person", "valid": true, "concept": "fictional-heroes-self", "title": null, "doc_title": "How Fictional Heroes Become Part Of The Self", "doc_slug": "lens/how-fictional-heroes-become-part-of-the-self", "url": "/lens/how-fictional-heroes-become-part-of-the-self/#fictional-hero-observation-turns-legend-into-person", "text": "A fictional figure becomes psychologically alive when inherited legend is fused with observed human behavior, so the reader can become the character and test ordinary motives inside a heightened story.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ] } ] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0069", "segment_id": "seg-0069", "start": 4479.64, "end": 4525.51, "time_label": "1:14:39", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "interested in the psychology of Iago Desimona and Othello okay that's that's what he's that's what he's curious about he's not interested in these structural forces that drive conflict and persecution among these people..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4554.69, "end": 4623.78, "time_label": "1:15:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "question is how does Shakespeare develop his themes okay so so Othello sorry so Othello Hamlet King Lear Shakespeare all these plays are well -known stories okay there's many well -known stories but Shakespeare he is cu..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4623.78, "end": 4681.37, "time_label": "1:17:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "get you get a lot of interesting psychology all right so let's imagine you become Hamlet and you become Othello and you were in the circumstance where your father has come and told and give you a mission to go kill your..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4681.37, "end": 4703.31, "time_label": "1:18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's Othello right that's a human thing it's not a racial thing it's not because he's black I mean it's because he's such a accomplished individual does that make sense all right great okay so next class we do the Ame..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "start": 4348, "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "segment_id": "seg-0057", "start": 3579.18, "end": 3640.71, "time_label": "59:39", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "or was it a later addition okay and I mean it's a really silly thing to do because as I explain to you the genius of Shakespeare was to imagine language as it's very fluid flexible imaginative tool and when it comes to�..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4681.37, "end": 4703.31, "time_label": "1:18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's Othello right that's a human thing it's not a racial thing it's not because he's black I mean it's because he's such a accomplished individual does that make sense all right great okay so next class we do the Ame..." } ] } ], "questions": [ { "id": "question-shakespeare-plays-survive", "question": "If Shakespeare did not publish his plays, where do we get them from?", "answer": "Jiang says Shakespeare wrote primarily for actors, not a reading market. After his death, friends assembled the First Folio from surviving notes and actors' memories, which preserved the plays but also left room for textual disputes.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0053", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0053", "segment_id": "seg-0053", "start": 3335.89, "end": 3375.92, "time_label": "55:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_02", "excerpt": "okay yeah so okay so the question is what is like like so Shakespeare's is" }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "segment_id": "seg-0054", "start": 3375.92, "end": 3440.57, "time_label": "56:15", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "played off is performed all the time and you are forced to read Shakespeare in school so where is where do we get these place from okay so let me explain to you what's happening all right okay so Shakespeare's place all..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "segment_id": "seg-0055", "start": 3440.57, "end": 3506.82, "time_label": "57:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "for his actors to memorize but as but but but the benefit of I make pentameter is that actually the speeches are pretty easy to memorize okay and when he was alive Shakespeare was a national celebrity he perform his pla..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "segment_id": "seg-0056", "start": 3506.82, "end": 3579.18, "time_label": "58:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Shakespeare was so after his death his friends and I don't know their names okay but his friends want to remember him they want to memorize him okay so they start to publish his place it's something called the first fol..." } ], "answer_paragraphs": [ { "text": "Jiang says Shakespeare wrote primarily for actors, not a reading market. After his death, friends assembled the First Folio from surviving notes and actors' memories, which preserved the plays but also left room for textual disputes.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0053", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0053", "segment_id": "seg-0053", "start": 3335.89, "end": 3375.92, "time_label": "55:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_02", "excerpt": "okay yeah so okay so the question is what is like like so Shakespeare's is" }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "segment_id": "seg-0054", "start": 3375.92, "end": 3440.57, "time_label": "56:15", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "played off is performed all the time and you are forced to read Shakespeare in school so where is where do we get these place from okay so let me explain to you what's happening all right okay so Shakespeare's place all..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "segment_id": "seg-0055", "start": 3440.57, "end": 3506.82, "time_label": "57:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "for his actors to memorize but as but but but the benefit of I make pentameter is that actually the speeches are pretty easy to memorize okay and when he was alive Shakespeare was a national celebrity he perform his pla..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "segment_id": "seg-0056", "start": 3506.82, "end": 3579.18, "time_label": "58:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Shakespeare was so after his death his friends and I don't know their names okay but his friends want to remember him they want to memorize him okay so they start to publish his place it's something called the first fol..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] } ] }, { "id": "question-white-mans-burden", "question": "What does white man's burden mean, and what is its connection to Shakespeare?", "answer": "The white man's burden is the imperial claim that white people have a duty to civilize others. Shakespeare was not himself an imperialist, but British imperialists could use him as their greatest cultural product: because Britain has Shakespeare, it can claim superiority and justify educating or ruling others.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3640.71, "end": 3727.99, "time_label": "1:00:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "figure out what was shakespeare's original intention and i mean shakespeare think of him as a musician okay he's i mean like he's trying to um sing beauty and truth but a lot of it is not intentional a lot of it's not c..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "segment_id": "seg-0059", "start": 3727.99, "end": 3797.56, "time_label": "1:02:07", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "and in china and other places um what's the connection to shakespeare okay first of all shakespeare was not interested in the world okay he he was very provincial he was interested in london and that was about it i'm no..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "segment_id": "seg-0060", "start": 3797.56, "end": 3863.46, "time_label": "1:03:17", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "and this is why shakespeare is important because shakespeare allows him to say well do you have a shakespeare do you have do you have like 38 to 41 that are beautifully written well if you don't then that means you're n..." } ], "answer_paragraphs": [ { "text": "The white man's burden is the imperial claim that white people have a duty to civilize others. Shakespeare was not himself an imperialist, but British imperialists could use him as their greatest cultural product: because Britain has Shakespeare, it can claim superiority and justify educating or ruling others.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3640.71, "end": 3727.99, "time_label": "1:00:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "figure out what was shakespeare's original intention and i mean shakespeare think of him as a musician okay he's i mean like he's trying to um sing beauty and truth but a lot of it is not intentional a lot of it's not c..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "segment_id": "seg-0059", "start": 3727.99, "end": 3797.56, "time_label": "1:02:07", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "and in china and other places um what's the connection to shakespeare okay first of all shakespeare was not interested in the world okay he he was very provincial he was interested in london and that was about it i'm no..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "segment_id": "seg-0060", "start": 3797.56, "end": 3863.46, "time_label": "1:03:17", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "and this is why shakespeare is important because shakespeare allows him to say well do you have a shakespeare do you have do you have like 38 to 41 that are beautifully written well if you don't then that means you're n..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] } ] }, { "id": "question-othello-race", "question": "How should Othello be read if class is treating it through race, identity, and culture?", "answer": "Jiang argues that Shakespeare is mainly asking a human psychological question: what could make a loving, accomplished man kill his wife? Race readings can be imposed later because the theme is universal, but Jiang thinks they can flatten the play and miss pride, jealousy, hubris, fate, and human vulnerability.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "segment_id": "seg-0061", "start": 3863.46, "end": 3992.33, "time_label": "1:04:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "right okay but we'll discuss this when we enter the age of imperialism which is towards the 19th century and and then this will lead us into the great wars world uh world war one and world war two okay all right any mor..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "segment_id": "seg-0063", "start": 4072.82, "end": 4147.93, "time_label": "1:07:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "So, when you look at Othello, he's asking himself, why is it that a man who loves his wife, what could drive him to kill his wife, okay? That's the question he's asking. he doesn't see Othello as a black person in a for..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "segment_id": "seg-0065", "start": 4203.95, "end": 4267.9, "time_label": "1:10:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "is it possible that in insurance in certain circumstances this can be used against him and that's the that's the plot of Othello which makes it a Greek tragedy right the Greeks could work it's about hubris arrogance fat..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4681.37, "end": 4703.31, "time_label": "1:18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's Othello right that's a human thing it's not a racial thing it's not because he's black I mean it's because he's such a accomplished individual does that make sense all right great okay so next class we do the Ame..." } ], "answer_paragraphs": [ { "text": "Jiang argues that Shakespeare is mainly asking a human psychological question: what could make a loving, accomplished man kill his wife? Race readings can be imposed later because the theme is universal, but Jiang thinks they can flatten the play and miss pride, jealousy, hubris, fate, and human vulnerability.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "segment_id": "seg-0061", "start": 3863.46, "end": 3992.33, "time_label": "1:04:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "right okay but we'll discuss this when we enter the age of imperialism which is towards the 19th century and and then this will lead us into the great wars world uh world war one and world war two okay all right any mor..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "segment_id": "seg-0063", "start": 4072.82, "end": 4147.93, "time_label": "1:07:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "So, when you look at Othello, he's asking himself, why is it that a man who loves his wife, what could drive him to kill his wife, okay? That's the question he's asking. he doesn't see Othello as a black person in a for..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "segment_id": "seg-0065", "start": 4203.95, "end": 4267.9, "time_label": "1:10:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "is it possible that in insurance in certain circumstances this can be used against him and that's the that's the plot of Othello which makes it a Greek tragedy right the Greeks could work it's about hubris arrogance fat..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4681.37, "end": 4703.31, "time_label": "1:18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's Othello right that's a human thing it's not a racial thing it's not because he's black I mean it's because he's such a accomplished individual does that make sense all right great okay so next class we do the Ame..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] } ] }, { "id": "question-shakespeare-education", "question": "How was Shakespeare able to focus on human psychology if he was not well educated?", "answer": "Jiang says the lack of elite education helped him. Elite schooling can train rigid categories, while Shakespeare observed humans without those prejudices, saw ordinary people as equal to himself, and drew psychological insight from people rather than books.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "segment_id": "seg-0066", "start": 4282.46, "end": 4343.67, "time_label": "1:11:22", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's a great question how is Shakespeare able to focus on human psychology given the fact that he's not well educated okay I will make the argument it is precisely because he's not well educated that he focused on hum..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "segment_id": "seg-0067", "start": 4343.67, "end": 4419.13, "time_label": "1:12:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "able to have tremendous empathy for other people, and therefore he's able to understand their psychology and his own psychology, all right? He's able to see people as a reflection of his own psychology, and that's what..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "segment_id": "seg-0068", "start": 4420.45, "end": 4479.64, "time_label": "1:13:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "something that I've observed I'm you're much better off talking to an individual who has a passion for history and who spent his entire life asking himself what is history but never really got a formal education never g..." } ], "answer_paragraphs": [ { "text": "Jiang says the lack of elite education helped him. Elite schooling can train rigid categories, while Shakespeare observed humans without those prejudices, saw ordinary people as equal to himself, and drew psychological insight from people rather than books.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "segment_id": "seg-0066", "start": 4282.46, "end": 4343.67, "time_label": "1:11:22", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's a great question how is Shakespeare able to focus on human psychology given the fact that he's not well educated okay I will make the argument it is precisely because he's not well educated that he focused on hum..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "segment_id": "seg-0067", "start": 4343.67, "end": 4419.13, "time_label": "1:12:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "able to have tremendous empathy for other people, and therefore he's able to understand their psychology and his own psychology, all right? He's able to see people as a reflection of his own psychology, and that's what..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "segment_id": "seg-0068", "start": 4420.45, "end": 4479.64, "time_label": "1:13:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "something that I've observed I'm you're much better off talking to an individual who has a passion for history and who spent his entire life asking himself what is history but never really got a formal education never g..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] } ] }, { "id": "question-shakespeare-themes", "question": "How does Shakespeare develop his themes?", "answer": "Jiang says Shakespeare starts with well-known legends and plots, then combines them with observations from theatre life. Customers, actors, and ordinary people teach him emotional diversity, so inherited characters become psychologically observed humans.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4554.69, "end": 4623.78, "time_label": "1:15:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "question is how does Shakespeare develop his themes okay so so Othello sorry so Othello Hamlet King Lear Shakespeare all these plays are well -known stories okay there's many well -known stories but Shakespeare he is cu..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4623.78, "end": 4681.37, "time_label": "1:17:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "get you get a lot of interesting psychology all right so let's imagine you become Hamlet and you become Othello and you were in the circumstance where your father has come and told and give you a mission to go kill your..." } ], "answer_paragraphs": [ { "text": "Jiang says Shakespeare starts with well-known legends and plots, then combines them with observations from theatre life. Customers, actors, and ordinary people teach him emotional diversity, so inherited characters become psychologically observed humans.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4554.69, "end": 4623.78, "time_label": "1:15:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "question is how does Shakespeare develop his themes okay so so Othello sorry so Othello Hamlet King Lear Shakespeare all these plays are well -known stories okay there's many well -known stories but Shakespeare he is cu..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4623.78, "end": 4681.37, "time_label": "1:17:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "get you get a lot of interesting psychology all right so let's imagine you become Hamlet and you become Othello and you were in the circumstance where your father has come and told and give you a mission to go kill your..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [], "marks": [] } ] } ], "source_notes": [ { "id": "asr-noise", "note": "Several transcript spans contain ASR damage, especially around Anglicanism/deism, the First Folio discussion, and late Othello questions. The read uses clearer surrounding refs and avoids fine-grained dependence on damaged wording.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0003", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0003", "segment_id": "seg-0003", "start": 145.39, "end": 222.22, "time_label": "2:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "to the Holy Roman Empire, first by Charlemagne and as such they are more Catholic than the Russians okay then you have the British who believe they are here's to the real Roman Empire and their religion is Anglianism ok..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "segment_id": "seg-0057", "start": 3579.18, "end": 3640.71, "time_label": "59:39", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "or was it a later addition okay and I mean it's a really silly thing to do because as I explain to you the genius of Shakespeare was to imagine language as it's very fluid flexible imaginative tool and when it comes to�..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "segment_id": "seg-0065", "start": 4203.95, "end": 4267.9, "time_label": "1:10:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "is it possible that in insurance in certain circumstances this can be used against him and that's the that's the plot of Othello which makes it a Greek tragedy right the Greeks could work it's about hubris arrogance fat..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "dated-modern-reference", "note": "The Trump references to Canada and Greenland are dated statements from the May 14, 2025 lecture and are preserved as part of Jiang's Manifest Destiny framing, not updated current-events analysis.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0007" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0007", "segment_id": "seg-0007", "start": 404.28, "end": 475.85, "time_label": "6:44", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that the British culture is inherently superior to all other cultures, and as such, the British have a responsibility to go out and civilize and educate, and enlighten all others, okay. So this is the philosophy that dr..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ] }, "transcript": [ { "id": "seg-0001", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "start": 0, "end": 80.544, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "Okay, good morning. So this class we are focusing on William Shakespeare. But before I do that, I want to give you an overview of how we will end the course. To end the course, we will focus on the four great modern civilizations that have fought for global dominance these past 20 years. These four great civilizations are the Russians, the Germans, the British, and the Americans. Now what's interesting about all four civilizations is that they all claim to be the ultimate Christian civilizations that are here to roam. But because of the differences in their geography and their culture, they have different interpretations of Christianity and Roman -ness. Okay, so let's compare and contrast these four great civilizations. The Russians, as you know, Russia is the largest landmass in the world. It is huge. It is also really cold and dark. Okay, so the geography transformed the Russian character. Okay, Germany, in contrast, it is within Europe and it does not have the natural boundaries that the other nations have.", "word_count": 173, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-001", "start": 0, "end": 1.24, "text": "Okay, good morning.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-002", "start": 1.38, "end": 5, "text": "So this class we are focusing on William Shakespeare.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-003", "start": 5.4, "end": 6.8, "text": "But before I do that,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-004", "start": 6.9, "end": 9.46, "text": "I want to give you an overview of how we will end", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-005", "start": 9.46, "end": 10.18, "text": "the course.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-006", "start": 11.24, "end": 15.82, "text": "To end the course, we will focus on the four great modern", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-007", "start": 15.82, "end": 20.84, "text": "civilizations that have fought for global dominance these past 20 years.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-008", "start": 21.2, "end": 24.82, "text": "These four great civilizations are the Russians,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-009", "start": 25.08, "end": 28.38, "text": "the Germans, the British, and the Americans.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-010", "start": 28.38, "end": 34.34, "text": "Now what's interesting about all four civilizations is that they all claim", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-011", "start": 34.34, "end": 40.48, "text": "to be the ultimate Christian civilizations that are here to roam.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-012", "start": 40.94, "end": 46.5, "text": "But because of the differences in their geography and their culture,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-013", "start": 46.74, "end": 51.24, "text": "they have different interpretations of Christianity and Roman -ness.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-014", "start": 51.58, "end": 55.64, "text": "Okay, so let's compare and contrast these four great civilizations.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-015", "start": 56.12, "end": 58.28, "text": "The Russians, as you know,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-016", "start": 58.48, "end": 61.82, "text": "Russia is the largest landmass in the world.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-017", "start": 61.88, "end": 62.88, "text": "It is huge.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-018", "start": 63.54, "end": 66.94, "text": "It is also really cold and dark.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-019", "start": 67.26, "end": 72.42, "text": "Okay, so the geography transformed the Russian character.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-020", "start": 73.06, "end": 77, "text": "Okay, Germany, in contrast, it is within Europe", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-021", "start": 77, "end": 80.16, "text": "and it does not have the natural boundaries that the other nations", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-022", "start": 80.16, "end": 80.544, "text": "have.", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "a321d0289f85a6b940885a996ba6346e76f702f1ed420398c566cde7b8a6765f", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0001", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=0s", "time_label": "0:00", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0002", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0002", "start": 80.544, "end": 145.39, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "It is always being attacked and threatened by adversaries. Okay, the British, it's an island fortress. The Americans are the most interesting because it is a continental fortress. It is not only invincible, it cannot be invaded, but it also has all the resources it needs in order to have a thriving modern economy. Therefore, America can choose to isolate itself from the rest of the world. Okay, now because of the difference in geography, you have differences in Christianity and in its Roman -ness. So the Russians believe that they are here to the Byzantine Empire. And as such, they are the protectors, or something called Eastern Orthodoxy. Okay? So to understand what Eastern Orthodoxy is, think of Augustine, can we read Augustine City of God? So it is a very mystical, metaphorical, collectivist attitude towards religion. In contrast, the Germans believe that they are here", "word_count": 147, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-001", "start": 80.544, "end": 84, "text": "It is always being attacked and threatened by adversaries.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-002", "start": 84.7, "end": 88.82, "text": "Okay, the British, it's an island fortress.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-003", "start": 89.34, "end": 94.36, "text": "The Americans are the most interesting because it is a continental fortress.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-004", "start": 94.72, "end": 96.94, "text": "It is not only invincible,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-005", "start": 97.3, "end": 99.84, "text": "it cannot be invaded, but it also has all the resources it", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-006", "start": 99.84, "end": 104.34, "text": "needs in order to have a thriving modern economy.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-007", "start": 104.84, "end": 107.86, "text": "Therefore, America can choose to isolate itself from the rest of the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-008", "start": 107.86, "end": 111.38, "text": "world. Okay, now because of the difference in geography,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-009", "start": 111.7, "end": 115.98, "text": "you have differences in Christianity and in its Roman -ness.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-010", "start": 116.1, "end": 119.86, "text": "So the Russians believe that they are here to the Byzantine Empire.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-011", "start": 120.32, "end": 123.18, "text": "And as such, they are the protectors,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-012", "start": 123.18, "end": 125.76, "text": "or something called Eastern Orthodoxy.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-013", "start": 126.12, "end": 128.34, "text": "Okay? So to understand what Eastern Orthodoxy is,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-014", "start": 128.6, "end": 131.84, "text": "think of Augustine, can we read Augustine City of God?", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-015", "start": 132.06, "end": 134.12, "text": "So it is a very mystical,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-016", "start": 134.44, "end": 141.21, "text": "metaphorical, collectivist attitude towards religion.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-017", "start": 141.69, "end": 145.39, "text": "In contrast, the Germans believe that they are here", "word_count": 9 } ], "text_sha256": "9a4e4535f4ebe86cb20b4b27ee072fa2eff1527775cb6721e7afc680b1506ae9", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0002", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=80s", "time_label": "1:20", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0003", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0003", "start": 145.39, "end": 222.22, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "to the Holy Roman Empire, first by Charlemagne and as such they are more Catholic than the Russians okay then you have the British who believe they are here's to the real Roman Empire and their religion is Anglianism okay remember Anglianism there's really really little difference between Catholicism and Anglianism when in Anglianism you swear allegiance to the King of England in Catholicism you swear allegiance to the Pope of the Vatican and then you have the Americans who have a who believe that they are they here's to the Roman Republic okay not the Empire the Republic before the time of Julius Caesar the best former government in the world the religion so the elite is something we call it Daesh okay so they believe in God but God as someone who is removed from the world You also have many different sects of Protestantism, okay? So the religion in America is very diffused, very diverse. Okay, so different cultural outlooks will also determine their cultural identities.", "word_count": 169, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-001", "start": 145.39, "end": 147.51, "text": "to the Holy Roman Empire,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-002", "start": 148.31, "end": 154.91, "text": "first by Charlemagne and as such they are more Catholic than the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-003", "start": 154.91, "end": 159.75, "text": "Russians okay then you have the British who believe they are here's", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-004", "start": 159.75, "end": 165.93, "text": "to the real Roman Empire and their religion is Anglianism okay remember", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-005", "start": 165.93, "end": 172.23, "text": "Anglianism there's really really little difference between Catholicism and Anglianism when in", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-006", "start": 172.23, "end": 175.99, "text": "Anglianism you swear allegiance to the King of England in Catholicism you", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-007", "start": 175.99, "end": 181.74, "text": "swear allegiance to the Pope of the Vatican and then you have", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-008", "start": 181.74, "end": 186.3, "text": "the Americans who have a who believe that they are they here's", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-009", "start": 186.3, "end": 190.16, "text": "to the Roman Republic okay not the Empire the Republic before the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-010", "start": 190.16, "end": 195.04, "text": "time of Julius Caesar the best former government in the world the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-011", "start": 195.04, "end": 200.2, "text": "religion so the elite is something we call it Daesh okay so", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-012", "start": 200.2, "end": 205.72, "text": "they believe in God but God as someone who is removed from", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-013", "start": 205.72, "end": 209.16, "text": "the world You also have many different sects of Protestantism,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-014", "start": 209.26, "end": 213.1, "text": "okay? So the religion in America is very diffused,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-015", "start": 213.1, "end": 214, "text": "very diverse.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-016", "start": 214.52, "end": 215.64, "text": "Okay, so", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-017", "start": 215.64, "end": 222.22, "text": "different cultural outlooks will also determine their cultural identities.", "word_count": 9 } ], "text_sha256": "78bb0fc15671255f94251f9bfb8aebf57a8376c6ea56ff8bef8ea5c23d53ac6f", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0003", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=145s", "time_label": "2:25", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0004", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0004", "start": 222.96, "end": 282.68, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "So for example, the Russians, the thing that differentiates the Russians is they have a very dark imagination. So some of the greatest literature, some of the greatest music, philosophy, actually comes from Russia. So think of Tolstoy, Dostoevsky. In terms of music, you have Tchaikovsky and Stravinsky, okay? I will also show you that the Russians produced the greatest geopolitical leaders in history. So in the 20th century, the greatest geopolitical leader was actually Joseph Stalin, and I will show you, I'll show you this is the case when we move to the 20th century. Today, the greatest geopolitical leader in the world is Vladimir Putin. So there's something about the Russian dark imagination that produces men of genius to lead their countries. The Russian cultural identity is the idea of Mother Russia, the land itself, the nation, the people. It is divine, all right? And so the main objective", "word_count": 151, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-001", "start": 222.96, "end": 224.8, "text": "So for example, the Russians,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-002", "start": 226.26, "end": 230.8, "text": "the thing that differentiates the Russians is they have a very dark", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-003", "start": 230.8, "end": 233.2, "text": "imagination. So some of the greatest literature,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-004", "start": 233.58, "end": 235.12, "text": "some of the greatest music,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-005", "start": 235.42, "end": 237.24, "text": "philosophy, actually comes from Russia.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-006", "start": 237.46, "end": 240.44, "text": "So think of Tolstoy, Dostoevsky.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-007", "start": 240.6, "end": 243.32, "text": "In terms of music, you have Tchaikovsky and Stravinsky,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-008", "start": 243.64, "end": 250.14, "text": "okay? I will also show you that the Russians produced the greatest", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-009", "start": 250.14, "end": 251.84, "text": "geopolitical leaders in history.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-010", "start": 252.12, "end": 253.32, "text": "So in the 20th century,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-011", "start": 253.52, "end": 256.06, "text": "the greatest geopolitical leader was actually Joseph Stalin,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-012", "start": 256.22, "end": 256.82, "text": "and I will show you,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-013", "start": 256.84, "end": 259.66, "text": "I'll show you this is the case when we move to the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-014", "start": 259.66, "end": 260.16, "text": "20th century.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-015", "start": 260.92, "end": 264.62, "text": "Today, the greatest geopolitical leader in the world is Vladimir Putin.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-016", "start": 264.9, "end": 268.66, "text": "So there's something about the Russian dark imagination that produces men of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-017", "start": 268.66, "end": 270.2, "text": "genius to lead their countries.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-018", "start": 271.46, "end": 275.52, "text": "The Russian cultural identity is the idea of Mother Russia,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-019", "start": 275.64, "end": 277.72, "text": "the land itself, the nation,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-020", "start": 277.84, "end": 278.28, "text": "the people.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-021", "start": 278.4, "end": 280.8, "text": "It is divine, all right?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-022", "start": 280.88, "end": 282.68, "text": "And so the main objective", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "a7b5f9bfc0c81f0edc4041c1f6ad98c92762f7cf5fa51b8bb1999a567f08b2cf", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0004", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=222s", "time_label": "3:42", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0005", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0005", "start": 282.68, "end": 348.1, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "of all Russian geopolitical leaders is to protect its borders from enemies because Russia is so huge and encompasses two continents, it has a lot of geopolitical enemies. Okay? civilization, when we move to the Germans, the Germans are really interesting, because the Germans have also one of the great human civilizations in history. Okay, so rather than a dark imagination, the Germans believed in the idea of will to power. We will discuss this when we discuss German philosophy, especially Nietzsche, okay, but the idea is this, that we have the capacity to impose our will on reality. That's the idea of will to power. We are not subject to culture, we're not subject to reality. There are great men among us who can impose their will on all of us, okay, and that's why you have Hitler and the Nazis, okay. What the Germans believed in is the idea of, okay,. I know this is a hard word, it's a German word, but it's actually a pretty easy concept.", "word_count": 173, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-001", "start": 282.68, "end": 287.04, "text": "of all Russian geopolitical leaders is to protect its borders from enemies", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-002", "start": 287.56, "end": 291.52, "text": "because Russia is so huge and encompasses two continents,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-003", "start": 292.16, "end": 293.86, "text": "it has a lot of geopolitical enemies.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-004", "start": 294.26, "end": 299.9, "text": "Okay? civilization, when we move to the Germans,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-005", "start": 300.12, "end": 301.6, "text": "the Germans are really interesting,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-006", "start": 301.78, "end": 305.84, "text": "because the Germans have also one of the great human civilizations in", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-007", "start": 305.84, "end": 309.08, "text": "history. Okay, so rather than a dark imagination,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-008", "start": 309.58, "end": 312.68, "text": "the Germans believed in the idea of will to power.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-009", "start": 313.14, "end": 315.42, "text": "We will discuss this when we discuss German philosophy,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-010", "start": 315.58, "end": 317.98, "text": "especially Nietzsche, okay, but the idea is this,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-011", "start": 318.1, "end": 323.18, "text": "that we have the capacity to impose our will on reality.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-012", "start": 323.36, "end": 324.56, "text": "That's the idea of will to power.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-013", "start": 324.56, "end": 327, "text": "We are not subject to culture,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-014", "start": 327.16, "end": 328.34, "text": "we're not subject to reality.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-015", "start": 328.54, "end": 333.9, "text": "There are great men among us who can impose their will on", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-016", "start": 333.9, "end": 336.96, "text": "all of us, okay, and that's why you have Hitler and the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-017", "start": 336.96, "end": 337.7, "text": "Nazis, okay.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-018", "start": 339.74, "end": 342.74, "text": "What the Germans believed in is the idea of,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-019", "start": 342.74, "end": 343.92, "text": "okay,.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-020", "start": 344.28, "end": 344.86, "text": "I know this is a", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-021", "start": 344.86, "end": 346.48, "text": "hard word, it's a German word,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-022", "start": 346.64, "end": 348.1, "text": "but it's actually a pretty easy concept.", "word_count": 7 } ], "text_sha256": "36fcda3fddeaab05d9490ad67141ce60ed1993f7d13230471998307dc48f7ce5", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0005", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=282s", "time_label": "4:42", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0006", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "start": 348.26, "end": 404.28, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "The concept is called living space. So throughout its history, the German people have always been invaded, attacked by its adversaries. So to protect itself, it needs living space. It needs to move out and colonize its surrounding territories, Poland, Russia, Austria, and make it more German so that the German nation can thrive, okay. Very simple concept, okay, but this is the concept that drives the German military strategy in World War I and World War II, okay, limits Rome. You have the British, and the Germans, and the British, as we discussed last class, they are a very practical people. Their philosophy is empiricism and utilitarianism, okay. It's not a question of what is right or what is ideal, it's a question of what works now, okay. The British are extremely practical. The British Empire is based on the concept of white man's burden, meaning", "word_count": 147, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-001", "start": 348.26, "end": 349.94, "text": "The concept is called living space.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-002", "start": 350.36, "end": 355.36, "text": "So throughout its history, the German people have always been invaded,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-003", "start": 355.48, "end": 357.14, "text": "attacked by its adversaries.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-004", "start": 357.3, "end": 360.24, "text": "So to protect itself, it needs living space.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-005", "start": 360.48, "end": 365.02, "text": "It needs to move out and colonize its surrounding territories,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-006", "start": 365.32, "end": 371.44, "text": "Poland, Russia, Austria, and make it more German so that the German", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-007", "start": 371.44, "end": 373.82, "text": "nation can thrive, okay.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-008", "start": 374.04, "end": 377.32, "text": "Very simple concept, okay, but this is the concept that drives the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-009", "start": 377.32, "end": 380.32, "text": "German military strategy in World War I and World War II,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-010", "start": 380.4, "end": 381.8, "text": "okay, limits Rome.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-011", "start": 382.52, "end": 384.42, "text": "You have the British, and the Germans,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-012", "start": 384.42, "end": 386.44, "text": "and the British, as we discussed last class,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-013", "start": 386.64, "end": 388.36, "text": "they are a very practical people.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-014", "start": 388.62, "end": 391.04, "text": "Their philosophy is empiricism and utilitarianism,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-015", "start": 391.08, "end": 393.74, "text": "okay. It's not a question of what is right or what is", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-016", "start": 393.74, "end": 396.2, "text": "ideal, it's a question of what works now,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-017", "start": 396.48, "end": 398.62, "text": "okay. The British are extremely practical.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-018", "start": 399.68, "end": 403.32, "text": "The British Empire is based on the concept of white man's burden,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-019", "start": 403.54, "end": 404.28, "text": "meaning", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "2a611c0f3bc063b9daa3ff7236b4abeb38da2dd7cc3965ba96ab1f7a0bbf70f1", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0006", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=348s", "time_label": "5:48", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0007", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0007", "start": 404.28, "end": 475.85, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "that the British culture is inherently superior to all other cultures, and as such, the British have a responsibility to go out and civilize and educate, and enlighten all others, okay. So this is the philosophy that drives the British Empire. The Americans are interesting because they are a new civilization, and they try to base their culture on the ideas of the Enlightenment, okay. So Rousseau, Kant, especially John Locke. Their driving ideology is the idea of Manifest Destiny. So the idea of Manifest Destiny is that it is the obvious will of God for America. for America. to control the entire Western Hemisphere. That's why Trump today is saying, we should take over Canada, we should take over Greenland, because that's always been part of the American understanding of the world. It is God's will that America will eventually control all of the entire Western Hemisphere. And Canada will eventually come into America as well. And eventually, America will drive out all European powers, including Denmark and Britain, from the Western Hemisphere.", "word_count": 174, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-001", "start": 404.28, "end": 409.14, "text": "that the British culture is inherently superior to all other cultures,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-002", "start": 409.28, "end": 411.86, "text": "and as such, the British have a responsibility to go out and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-003", "start": 411.86, "end": 415.76, "text": "civilize and educate, and enlighten all others,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-004", "start": 415.98, "end": 419.24, "text": "okay. So this is the philosophy that drives the British Empire.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-005", "start": 420.06, "end": 423.92, "text": "The Americans are interesting because they are a new civilization,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-006", "start": 424.42, "end": 428.52, "text": "and they try to base their culture on the ideas of the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-007", "start": 428.52, "end": 429.26, "text": "Enlightenment, okay.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-008", "start": 429.38, "end": 432.52, "text": "So Rousseau, Kant, especially John Locke.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-009", "start": 433.74, "end": 436.68, "text": "Their driving ideology is the idea of Manifest Destiny.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-010", "start": 437.44, "end": 440.7, "text": "So the idea of Manifest Destiny is that it is the obvious", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-011", "start": 441.6, "end": 444.52, "text": "will of God for America.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-012", "start": 444.52, "end": 444.66, "text": "for America.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-013", "start": 444.68, "end": 447.88, "text": "to control the entire Western Hemisphere.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-014", "start": 448.54, "end": 450.36, "text": "That's why Trump today is saying,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-015", "start": 450.48, "end": 452, "text": "we should take over Canada,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-016", "start": 452.2, "end": 453.2, "text": "we should take over Greenland,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-017", "start": 453.28, "end": 459.27, "text": "because that's always been part of the American understanding of the world.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-018", "start": 459.45, "end": 463.29, "text": "It is God's will that America will eventually control all of the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-019", "start": 463.29, "end": 464.79, "text": "entire Western Hemisphere.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-020", "start": 464.99, "end": 468.63, "text": "And Canada will eventually come into America as well.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-021", "start": 468.75, "end": 470.79, "text": "And eventually, America", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-022", "start": 470.79, "end": 472.27, "text": "will drive out all European powers,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-023", "start": 472.27, "end": 475.85, "text": "including Denmark and Britain, from the Western Hemisphere.", "word_count": 8 } ], "text_sha256": "9776bbc3877b9bab8f1fa418bf1ffd6520ba21348c03951668c217af0c10609e", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0007", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=404s", "time_label": "6:44", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0008", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0008", "start": 476.95, "end": 544.467, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "So next class, we'll discuss America in greater detail. Today, we will focus on the British Empire, which is founded by William Shakespeare. So we will discuss William Shakespeare today. Next week, we'll start to focus on the Russians and the Germans. But these are the four great civilizations that will drive history from the 19th century up to today. Thank you. And I will also show you later on that it is actually the conflict between these four great civilizations that will drive human creativity, science, technology, philosophy. And that's why from about 1800 up until 2000, you had a tremendous flowering of ideas and culture. All right, so that's the game plan. For the rest of the semester. Any questions about this framework? Again, you don't have to know these ideas right away. I will explain them in detail to you as we move forward.", "word_count": 147, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-001", "start": 476.95, "end": 481.19, "text": "So next class, we'll discuss America in greater detail.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-002", "start": 481.69, "end": 484.61, "text": "Today, we will focus on the British Empire,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-003", "start": 484.97, "end": 487.37, "text": "which is founded by William Shakespeare.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-004", "start": 487.73, "end": 489.51, "text": "So we will discuss William Shakespeare today.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-005", "start": 489.91, "end": 492.89, "text": "Next week, we'll start to focus on the Russians and the Germans.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-006", "start": 493.09, "end": 498.81, "text": "But these are the four great civilizations that will drive history from", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-007", "start": 498.81, "end": 501.87, "text": "the 19th century up to today.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-008", "start": 501.97, "end": 502.86, "text": "Thank you.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-009", "start": 502.88, "end": 506.82, "text": "And I will also show you later on that it is actually", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-010", "start": 506.82, "end": 512.61, "text": "the conflict between these four great civilizations that will drive human creativity,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-011", "start": 512.83, "end": 516.1, "text": "science, technology, philosophy.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-012", "start": 517.06, "end": 522.02, "text": "And that's why from about 1800 up until 2000,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-013", "start": 522.06, "end": 529.06, "text": "you had a tremendous flowering of ideas and culture.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-014", "start": 530.5, "end": 533.36, "text": "All right, so that's the game plan.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-015", "start": 533.36, "end": 534.6, "text": "For the rest of the semester.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-016", "start": 534.76, "end": 537.26, "text": "Any questions about this framework?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-017", "start": 539.07, "end": 541.13, "text": "Again, you don't have to know these ideas right away.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-018", "start": 541.31, "end": 543.99, "text": "I will explain them in detail to you as we move", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-019", "start": 543.99, "end": 544.467, "text": "forward.", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "89f24dafa132e109c7373617bd9e725b93cf498cbf2ea0ca7b6c78f9a806e2c7", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0008", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=476s", "time_label": "7:56", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0009", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "start": 544.467, "end": 613.56, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "But understand the overall framework is there are four different civilizations that will drive human modernity. And they are in conflict with each other. And it's because of this conflict that drives human innovation. OK, let's move on. So the question we're going to ask is, the question we're looking at today is, how did Shakespeare transform English into the language of empire? So for the longest time, English is what they spoke on the British Isles, OK? Not even the British Isles, primarily in England. So how did Shakespeare transform that into the language that everyone speaks today, OK? English really is the language of empire. You think when you learn English, you're not just learning grammar and vocabulary. You are really learning a culture. A philosophy. An identity. All right? And what's amazing about English is that it has really created, it's really, through soft power, convinced everyone to believe that Anglo -American culture is really the best in the world.", "word_count": 163, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-001", "start": 544.467, "end": 549.71, "text": "But understand the overall framework is there are four different civilizations", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-002", "start": 550.19, "end": 553.33, "text": "that will drive human modernity.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-003", "start": 553.43, "end": 555.25, "text": "And they are in conflict with each other.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-004", "start": 555.33, "end": 558.99, "text": "And it's because of this conflict that drives human innovation.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-005", "start": 561.05, "end": 564.04, "text": "OK, let's move on.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-006", "start": 564.96, "end": 567.08, "text": "So the question we're going to ask is,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-007", "start": 567.1, "end": 567.9, "text": "the question we're looking at today is,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-008", "start": 568.08, "end": 572.9, "text": "how did Shakespeare transform English into the language of empire?", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-009", "start": 573.6, "end": 575.12, "text": "So for the longest time,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-010", "start": 575.18, "end": 578.64, "text": "English is what they spoke on the British Isles,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-011", "start": 578.74, "end": 580.1, "text": "OK? Not even the British Isles,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-012", "start": 580.18, "end": 581.18, "text": "primarily in England.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-013", "start": 581.92, "end": 585.64, "text": "So how did Shakespeare transform that into the language that everyone speaks", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-014", "start": 585.64, "end": 586.66, "text": "today, OK?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-015", "start": 586.76, "end": 589.32, "text": "English really is the language of empire.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-016", "start": 589.9, "end": 591.58, "text": "You think when you learn English,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-017", "start": 591.6, "end": 594.82, "text": "you're not just learning grammar and vocabulary.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-018", "start": 595.1, "end": 596.92, "text": "You are really learning a culture.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-019", "start": 596.92, "end": 597.88, "text": "A philosophy.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-020", "start": 598.32, "end": 599.04, "text": "An identity.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-021", "start": 599.52, "end": 600.26, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-022", "start": 600.3, "end": 605.02, "text": "And what's amazing about English is that it has really created,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-023", "start": 606.44, "end": 608.56, "text": "it's really, through soft power,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-024", "start": 608.76, "end": 612.8, "text": "convinced everyone to believe that Anglo -American culture is really the", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-025", "start": 612.8, "end": 613.56, "text": "best in the world.", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "a7bd6de781f64dedd30d788b0946cbed364a086876d841e37ac5b1218b4b4f93", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0009", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=544s", "time_label": "9:04", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0010", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "start": 613.6, "end": 678.68, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "When objectively speaking, it is not. You can make the argument that Russian and German culture is far superior to Anglo -American culture. But everyone, especially young people in the world today, believes that Anglo -American culture is just vastly superior. And the reason why is because most people speak English. And we absorb our understanding of the world through language, OK? So that's the question we're looking at today. All right. So before we talk about Shakespeare, I want you to understand some basic principles about language, art, culture, and civilization. The first major principle is great art. Dante, Homer, Vermeer, Shakespeare. It lifts the soul of civilization and changes the neurological structure of societies, creating a new way of being and seeing, OK? So this is a really important idea where you have to understand that civilization has a collective consciousness. And what great art does is it seeps into this collective consciousness and", "word_count": 156, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-001", "start": 613.6, "end": 615.74, "text": "When objectively speaking, it is not.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-002", "start": 615.96, "end": 618.9, "text": "You can make the argument that Russian and German culture is far", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-003", "start": 618.9, "end": 620.86, "text": "superior to Anglo -American culture.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-004", "start": 621.2, "end": 624.36, "text": "But everyone, especially young people in the world today,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-005", "start": 624.44, "end": 627.66, "text": "believes that Anglo -American culture is just vastly superior.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-006", "start": 627.94, "end": 631.42, "text": "And the reason why is because most people speak English.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-007", "start": 631.62, "end": 636.56, "text": "And we absorb our understanding of the world through language,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-008", "start": 636.7, "end": 639.78, "text": "OK? So that's the question we're looking at today.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-009", "start": 640.56, "end": 640.76, "text": "All right.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-010", "start": 641.1, "end": 642.68, "text": "So before we talk about Shakespeare,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-011", "start": 642.9, "end": 646.36, "text": "I want you to understand some basic principles about language,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-012", "start": 646.56, "end": 648.06, "text": "art, culture, and civilization.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-013", "start": 648.58, "end": 651.68, "text": "The first major principle is great art.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-014", "start": 651.88, "end": 655.74, "text": "Dante, Homer, Vermeer, Shakespeare.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-015", "start": 655.74, "end": 661.98, "text": "It lifts the soul of civilization and changes the neurological structure of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-016", "start": 661.98, "end": 665.72, "text": "societies, creating a new way of being and seeing,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-017", "start": 665.88, "end": 669.84, "text": "OK? So this is a really important idea where you have to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-018", "start": 669.84, "end": 672.94, "text": "understand that civilization has a collective consciousness.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-019", "start": 673.38, "end": 678.06, "text": "And what great art does is it seeps into this collective consciousness", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-020", "start": 678.06, "end": 678.68, "text": "and", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "16f1937dbb89ad96fcb4b10c100e5e40d4b118d6faada9dcb86aa70a7966abaf", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0010", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=613s", "time_label": "10:13", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0011", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "start": 678.68, "end": 755.38, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "rewires the brain to make the civilization see the world in a new way, which causes people to behave differently, OK? So we discussed this about Homer and Dante, right? Especially Homer and Dante. Today I'll show you how Shakespeare radically transformed the English imagination. All right. Another idea I need you to understand is how poets transform civilization is they innovate in imagery, grammar, and vocabulary, OK? And when they do that, poets expand a civilization's structure. They expand its capacity to imagine, feel, and think, OK? So we will discuss William Shakespeare. William Shakespeare did not live very long. He died at 52, OK? So he was not alive for a very long time. But his accomplishments are amazing. In his brief life, he wrote anywhere between 38 to 41 plays. And he established the English cultural identity, OK? Shakespeare is really a founder of English culture. And he established his English historical memory, OK?", "word_count": 157, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-001", "start": 678.68, "end": 683.28, "text": "rewires the brain to make the civilization see the world in a", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-002", "start": 683.28, "end": 688.84, "text": "new way, which causes people to behave differently,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-003", "start": 689.14, "end": 691.78, "text": "OK? So we discussed this about Homer and Dante,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-004", "start": 692.02, "end": 694.08, "text": "right? Especially Homer and Dante.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-005", "start": 694.38, "end": 698.96, "text": "Today I'll show you how Shakespeare radically transformed the English imagination.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-006", "start": 700.37, "end": 701.09, "text": "All right.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-007", "start": 701.13, "end": 706.42, "text": "Another idea I need you to understand is how poets transform civilization", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-008", "start": 706.42, "end": 709.3, "text": "is they innovate in imagery,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-009", "start": 709.57, "end": 712.85, "text": "grammar, and vocabulary, OK?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-010", "start": 713.03, "end": 713.93, "text": "And when they do that,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-011", "start": 714.01, "end": 716.03, "text": "poets expand a civilization's structure.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-012", "start": 716.05, "end": 717.71, "text": "They expand its capacity to imagine,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-013", "start": 717.97, "end": 720.41, "text": "feel, and think, OK?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-014", "start": 722.78, "end": 728.05, "text": "So we will discuss William Shakespeare.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-015", "start": 728.25, "end": 731.07, "text": "William Shakespeare did not live very long.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-016", "start": 731.15, "end": 732.41, "text": "He died at 52, OK?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-017", "start": 732.59, "end": 734.95, "text": "So he was not alive for a very long time.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-018", "start": 735.19, "end": 737.99, "text": "But his accomplishments are amazing.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-019", "start": 738.57, "end": 743.55, "text": "In his brief life, he wrote anywhere between 38 to 41 plays.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-020", "start": 743.83, "end": 747.33, "text": "And he established the English cultural identity,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-021", "start": 747.57, "end": 751.57, "text": "OK? Shakespeare is really a founder of English culture.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-022", "start": 752.15, "end": 755.03, "text": "And he established his English historical memory,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-023", "start": 755.23, "end": 755.38, "text": "OK?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "e255f569d65158715089f46b128d09614a1642c305db2ac51615ee5b54dd63ec", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0011", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=678s", "time_label": "11:18", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0012", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0012", "start": 755.38, "end": 823.2, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "And he did this by writing a lot of plays, right? So tragedies, histories, comedies. You've read some of them in school, right? So his accomplishments are tremendous. The reason why we don't know how many plays he actually wrote, OK, is he never published in his lifetime. All his plays were published after his death. By his friends, who are working with his notes, as well as recollections from actors who participated in Shakespeare's plays. That's why... So we don't have actually anything written specifically by Shakespeare, OK? So keep that in mind. In his plays, he used anywhere between 20,000 to 30,000 different words. So his range of vocabulary was just vast. What's really unique about Shakespeare is he introduced anywhere between 1,700 to 3,500 new uses of words, what we call diction, OK? I'll show you what diction is later on. To put this in context, between the years 1,500 and 1650, around 10,000", "word_count": 163, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-001", "start": 755.38, "end": 757.37, "text": "And he did this by writing a lot of plays,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-002", "start": 757.51, "end": 760.19, "text": "right? So tragedies, histories, comedies.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-003", "start": 761.01, "end": 765.01, "text": "You've read some of them in school,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-004", "start": 765.27, "end": 768.25, "text": "right? So his accomplishments are tremendous.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-005", "start": 768.53, "end": 771.79, "text": "The reason why we don't know how many plays he actually wrote,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-006", "start": 771.91, "end": 774.45, "text": "OK, is he never published in his lifetime.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-007", "start": 775.29, "end": 778.39, "text": "All his plays were published after his death.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-008", "start": 778.41, "end": 781.37, "text": "By his friends, who are working with his notes,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-009", "start": 781.47, "end": 786.49, "text": "as well as recollections from actors who participated in Shakespeare's plays.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-010", "start": 786.79, "end": 787.45, "text": "That's why...", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-011", "start": 787.45, "end": 791.37, "text": "So we don't have actually anything written specifically by Shakespeare,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-012", "start": 791.61, "end": 793.96, "text": "OK? So keep that in mind.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-013", "start": 794.8, "end": 799.48, "text": "In his plays, he used anywhere between 20,000 to 30,000", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-014", "start": 799.48, "end": 800.64, "text": "different words.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-015", "start": 800.8, "end": 803.88, "text": "So his range of vocabulary was just vast.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-016", "start": 804.58, "end": 810.02, "text": "What's really unique about Shakespeare is he introduced anywhere between 1,700", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-017", "start": 810.02, "end": 813.28, "text": "to 3,500 new uses of words,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-018", "start": 813.34, "end": 814.22, "text": "what we call diction, OK?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-019", "start": 814.92, "end": 816.78, "text": "I'll show you what diction is later on.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-020", "start": 817.36, "end": 818.48, "text": "To put this in context,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-021", "start": 818.84, "end": 821.3, "text": "between the years 1,500 and 1650,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-022", "start": 821.56, "end": 823.2, "text": "around 10,000", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "eaa49c708d98751847dffefbf348fd09ea8d68c83f4842474699f895db94ddd9", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0012", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=755s", "time_label": "12:35", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0013", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "start": 823.2, "end": 894.85, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "new words are being introduced into England because of revolutions in agriculture, in trade, in communication, in technology, OK? So at this point in history, England is going out into the world and it's transforming its society, and therefore it needs to bring in new words. What Shakespeare does that's really important is he transforms the British imagination in order to better absorb these new ideas. And he does so through new uses of words, what we call diction, OK? So this makes sense, guys, OK? So let's examine how he does this. Let me give you an example. Let's look at the word dagger, OK? Dagger means just a short sword, OK? And it's a very common English word. But what Shakespeare does is he uses it in a really imaginative, metaphorical way that forces you to reimagine the world around you, OK? So let's look at some examples. And these are my examples, by the way. They're not Shakespeare's examples, all right?", "word_count": 164, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-001", "start": 823.2, "end": 829.3, "text": "new words are being introduced into England because of revolutions in agriculture,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-002", "start": 829.7, "end": 834.6, "text": "in trade, in communication, in technology,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-003", "start": 834.76, "end": 836.68, "text": "OK? So at this point in history,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-004", "start": 836.68, "end": 842.84, "text": "England is going out into the world and it's transforming its society,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-005", "start": 843.16, "end": 845.38, "text": "and therefore it needs to bring in new words.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-006", "start": 845.76, "end": 852.8, "text": "What Shakespeare does that's really important is he transforms the British imagination", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-007", "start": 853.46, "end": 858.54, "text": "in order to better absorb these new ideas.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-008", "start": 858.72, "end": 863.34, "text": "And he does so through new uses of words,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-009", "start": 863.42, "end": 864.34, "text": "what we call diction, OK?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-010", "start": 864.75, "end": 866.33, "text": "So this makes sense, guys,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-011", "start": 866.41, "end": 868.83, "text": "OK? So let's examine how he does this.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-012", "start": 869.19, "end": 870.79, "text": "Let me give you an example.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-013", "start": 871.11, "end": 872.53, "text": "Let's look at the word dagger,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-014", "start": 872.79, "end": 874.77, "text": "OK? Dagger means just a short sword,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-015", "start": 874.99, "end": 877.15, "text": "OK? And it's a very common English word.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-016", "start": 877.51, "end": 883.45, "text": "But what Shakespeare does is he uses it in a really imaginative,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-017", "start": 884.19, "end": 889.39, "text": "metaphorical way that forces you to reimagine the world around you,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-018", "start": 889.47, "end": 891.17, "text": "OK? So let's look at some examples.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-019", "start": 891.35, "end": 892.49, "text": "And these are my examples,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-020", "start": 892.55, "end": 893.07, "text": "by the way.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-021", "start": 893.11, "end": 893.59, "text": "They're not", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-022", "start": 893.59, "end": 894.85, "text": "Shakespeare's examples, all right?", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "ebd1df468e059fa2d6424dfade1841ed6b94ef760eaf8782a6794fbf20381fe7", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0013", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=823s", "time_label": "13:43", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0014", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0014", "start": 894.89, "end": 954.24, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "We will look at Shakespeare's examples later on. All right, so the first example is he has a dagger, fat and short. OK, this is interesting because when we see a dagger, we think of something that is thin, right? And this is saying this is fat, all right? So this forces you to think about what dagger is as a metaphor. And this makes your mind think, oh, he has a dagger, fat and short. So is it possible that on the surface he looks fat and short, but actually, as a person, he is lean and mean. He's very, very clever. He pretends he's stupid, but he has very precise cleverness, OK? All right, so that's what Shakespeare does. He takes a traditional metaphor and he radically reverses or inverts it to force you to reimagine things in a new way. All right, that's the first example. Second example is I daggered him with questions.", "word_count": 157, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-001", "start": 894.89, "end": 896.27, "text": "We will look at Shakespeare's examples later on.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-002", "start": 896.71, "end": 899.01, "text": "All right, so the first example is he has a dagger,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-003", "start": 899.15, "end": 900.17, "text": "fat and short.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-004", "start": 900.41, "end": 903.55, "text": "OK, this is interesting because when we see a dagger,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-005", "start": 903.77, "end": 907.63, "text": "we think of something that is thin,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-006", "start": 907.79, "end": 909.67, "text": "right? And this is saying this is fat,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-007", "start": 910.23, "end": 910.97, "text": "all right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-008", "start": 911.03, "end": 915.21, "text": "So this forces you to think about what dagger is as a", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-009", "start": 915.21, "end": 919.49, "text": "metaphor. And this makes your mind think,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-010", "start": 919.61, "end": 920.87, "text": "oh, he has a dagger,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-011", "start": 920.97, "end": 921.45, "text": "fat and short.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-012", "start": 921.59, "end": 924.39, "text": "So is it possible that on the surface he looks fat and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-013", "start": 924.39, "end": 926.81, "text": "short, but actually, as a person,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-014", "start": 926.81, "end": 928.97, "text": "he is lean and mean.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-015", "start": 929.19, "end": 930.39, "text": "He's very, very clever.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-016", "start": 930.63, "end": 938.23, "text": "He pretends he's stupid, but he has very precise cleverness,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-017", "start": 938.41, "end": 941.01, "text": "OK? All right, so that's what Shakespeare does.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-018", "start": 941.23, "end": 945.83, "text": "He takes a traditional metaphor and he radically reverses or inverts it", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-019", "start": 945.83, "end": 948.81, "text": "to force you to reimagine things in a new way.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-020", "start": 949.18, "end": 950.82, "text": "All right, that's the first example.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-021", "start": 951.04, "end": 953.92, "text": "Second example is I daggered him with", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-022", "start": 953.92, "end": 954.24, "text": "questions.", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "bb2285416a79c942777cb697badfc8b480f3d7f244353d61ea8570c5f2cc8209", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0014", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=894s", "time_label": "14:54", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0015", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "start": 954.24, "end": 1007.85, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "Now, the word dagger actually exists in the English language, but it means you carry a dagger with you, OK? So if I say, I am daggered, it means there's a bag in my pocket. And that's a traditional use of dagger. But there's no reason why you can't do what Shakespeare does and says, I daggered him with questions, which means, like, I stabbed him with questions. All right, I'm threatening him with questions. I ask a lot of questions. And this is very visual. It's very imaginative, OK? Now, the third example is his voice is daggerly. Daggerly as a word does not exist. But because you know what the word dagger means, you can imagine what daggerly could mean, right? A voice that is like mine, very high, high, high, OK? And which you feel is jabbing at you, all right? So that's the genius of Shakespeare. He takes words that we use every day and", "word_count": 159, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-001", "start": 954.24, "end": 957.44, "text": "Now, the word dagger actually exists in the English language,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-002", "start": 957.58, "end": 960.22, "text": "but it means you carry a dagger with you,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-003", "start": 960.34, "end": 961.06, "text": "OK? So if I say,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-004", "start": 961.14, "end": 964.14, "text": "I am daggered, it means there's a bag in my pocket.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-005", "start": 964.32, "end": 967.1, "text": "And that's a traditional use of dagger.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-006", "start": 967.38, "end": 969.9, "text": "But there's no reason why you can't do what Shakespeare does and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-007", "start": 969.9, "end": 971.54, "text": "says, I daggered him with questions,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-008", "start": 971.62, "end": 973.62, "text": "which means, like, I stabbed him with questions.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-009", "start": 973.92, "end": 975.58, "text": "All right, I'm threatening him with questions.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-010", "start": 975.64, "end": 976.52, "text": "I ask a lot of questions.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-011", "start": 976.88, "end": 978.14, "text": "And this is very visual.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-012", "start": 978.48, "end": 980.16, "text": "It's very imaginative, OK?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-013", "start": 980.5, "end": 984.1, "text": "Now, the third example is his voice is daggerly.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-014", "start": 984.1, "end": 986.54, "text": "Daggerly as a word does not exist.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-015", "start": 986.96, "end": 989.48, "text": "But because you know what the word dagger means,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-016", "start": 989.66, "end": 991.88, "text": "you can imagine what daggerly could mean,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-017", "start": 992.02, "end": 994.52, "text": "right? A voice that is like mine,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-018", "start": 994.6, "end": 996.86, "text": "very high, high, high, OK?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-019", "start": 997.1, "end": 1000.86, "text": "And which you feel is jabbing at you,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-020", "start": 1000.92, "end": 1001.68, "text": "all right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-021", "start": 1001.74, "end": 1004.32, "text": "So that's the genius of Shakespeare.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-022", "start": 1004.58, "end": 1007.85, "text": "He takes words that we use every day and", "word_count": 9 } ], "text_sha256": "c81694003f1afda30b4547fac8dfaf670c2a3a8266ea2648aa4eda476b20998e", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0015", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=954s", "time_label": "15:54", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0016", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "start": 1007.85, "end": 1080.64, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "he finds new ways of using it in his plays that forces us to reimagine the world in a different way, all right? That's the power of Shakespeare. Now, what this is saying is this. What Shakespeare understands is that language can be a portal into the neurological framework of our minds, right? So you might have studied some neuroscience or psychology. You know, like, our brain, it's structured by these things called synapses, OK? These pathways in our brain. And what Shakespeare understands is that by manipulating language in a new way, you can also perform a sort of surgery on these synapses, all right? All right, so Shakespeare as music. The thing to remember about Shakespeare is his plays were meant to perform as musicals, OK? Today in school, we have you read Shakespeare, but remember, during the time of Shakespeare, no one read him. You experience Shakespeare by going to his plays, and his plays were musicals.", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-001", "start": 1007.85, "end": 1013.75, "text": "he finds new ways of using it in his plays that forces", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-002", "start": 1013.75, "end": 1016.75, "text": "us to reimagine the world in a different way,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-003", "start": 1016.85, "end": 1017.75, "text": "all right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-004", "start": 1017.75, "end": 1018.51, "text": "That's the power of Shakespeare.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-005", "start": 1019.05, "end": 1022.23, "text": "Now, what this is saying is this.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-006", "start": 1022.37, "end": 1029.85, "text": "What Shakespeare understands is that language can be a portal into the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-007", "start": 1029.85, "end": 1031.87, "text": "neurological framework of our minds,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-008", "start": 1032.03, "end": 1035.71, "text": "right? So you might have studied some neuroscience or psychology.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-009", "start": 1035.95, "end": 1037.85, "text": "You know, like, our brain,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-010", "start": 1037.99, "end": 1040.63, "text": "it's structured by these things called synapses,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-011", "start": 1040.63, "end": 1042.47, "text": "OK? These pathways in our brain.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-012", "start": 1042.87, "end": 1048.65, "text": "And what Shakespeare understands is that by manipulating language in a new", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-013", "start": 1048.65, "end": 1053.25, "text": "way, you can also perform a sort of surgery on these synapses,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-014", "start": 1053.29, "end": 1054.21, "text": "all right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-015", "start": 1056.58, "end": 1060.24, "text": "All right, so Shakespeare as music.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-016", "start": 1060.52, "end": 1065.16, "text": "The thing to remember about Shakespeare is his plays were meant to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-017", "start": 1065.16, "end": 1067.48, "text": "perform as musicals, OK?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-018", "start": 1069.1, "end": 1071.86, "text": "Today in school, we have you read Shakespeare,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-019", "start": 1072.18, "end": 1073.92, "text": "but remember, during the time of Shakespeare,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-020", "start": 1073.92, "end": 1075.3, "text": "no one read him.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-021", "start": 1075.74, "end": 1078.12, "text": "You experience Shakespeare by going to his plays,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-022", "start": 1078.4, "end": 1080.64, "text": "and his plays were musicals.", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "a47759d50320c9e9fa0ef615e70e3abb1f9caac34eef0663e6ebe26e67f2d43d", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0016", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1007s", "time_label": "16:47", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0017", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "start": 1081.5, "end": 1148.172, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "When people spoke Shakespeare, it was as though they were singing. And also, there were lots of, like, dance routines within the plays as well. Remember, these are people who are extremely ordinary, OK? Who are going to Shakespeare as a form of mass entertainment. It's almost like the equivalent of, like, going to a movie today. And the way that Shakespeare creates music in his plays is through a device called iambic pentameter, OK? Iambic pentameter, you know, right? Iambis is just the arrangement of syllables where you have one that is deep and then another that's high. So, deep, high, deep, high, deep, high, deep, high, deep, high. When you have ten syllables, it's called pentameter, OK? So an example, of course, is to be or to be that is the question. So you understand how this works, right? Low, high, low, high, low, high. And Shakespeare does that throughout his plays. That's why it comes across as musical.", "word_count": 161, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-001", "start": 1081.5, "end": 1084.86, "text": "When people spoke Shakespeare, it was as though they were singing.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-002", "start": 1085.56, "end": 1086.88, "text": "And also, there were lots of,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-003", "start": 1086.88, "end": 1089.1, "text": "like, dance routines within the plays as well.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-004", "start": 1089.64, "end": 1092.16, "text": "Remember, these are people who are extremely ordinary,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-005", "start": 1092.34, "end": 1095.46, "text": "OK? Who are going to Shakespeare as a form of mass entertainment.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-006", "start": 1095.96, "end": 1097.4, "text": "It's almost like the equivalent of,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-007", "start": 1097.44, "end": 1098.56, "text": "like, going to a movie today.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-008", "start": 1099.14, "end": 1103.44, "text": "And the way that Shakespeare creates music in his plays is through", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-009", "start": 1103.44, "end": 1106.38, "text": "a device called iambic pentameter,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-010", "start": 1106.5, "end": 1109.76, "text": "OK? Iambic pentameter, you know,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-011", "start": 1109.9, "end": 1115.16, "text": "right? Iambis is just the arrangement of syllables where you have one", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-012", "start": 1115.16, "end": 1118.52, "text": "that is deep and then another that's high.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-013", "start": 1119.08, "end": 1122.14, "text": "So, deep, high, deep, high,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-014", "start": 1122.24, "end": 1124.54, "text": "deep, high, deep, high, deep,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-015", "start": 1124.64, "end": 1126.22, "text": "high. When you have ten syllables,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-016", "start": 1126.56, "end": 1128.06, "text": "it's called pentameter, OK?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-017", "start": 1128.22, "end": 1129.14, "text": "So an example, of course,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-018", "start": 1129.18, "end": 1139.29, "text": "is to be or to be that is the question.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-019", "start": 1139.62, "end": 1141.68, "text": "So you understand how this works,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-020", "start": 1141.78, "end": 1143.16, "text": "right? Low, high, low, high,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-021", "start": 1143.18, "end": 1143.48, "text": "low, high.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-022", "start": 1143.56, "end": 1146.1, "text": "And Shakespeare does that throughout his plays.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-023", "start": 1146.22, "end": 1147.74, "text": "That's why it comes across as", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-024", "start": 1147.74, "end": 1148.172, "text": "musical.", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "94ff2ad30c5f809e5b9b53e686a81020cb8cefcb789a19029aaf8723c4dbb125", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0017", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1081s", "time_label": "18:01", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0018", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "start": 1148.172, "end": 1221.98, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "But if it's musical, then it's easy to remember because it becomes like a song, right? It's really easy for us to remember songs. So, flat iambic pentameter, Shakespeare's plays are memorable, beautiful, and resonant, meaning they touch our souls. And again, these are ordinary people. So through iambic pentameter, Shakespeare's performing a surgery on the imagination of civilization. All right. So having said that, let's go into some brief history about Shakespeare. During the time of Shakespeare, theatre is extremely popular around the country. And theatre is primarily the means of mass entertainment, but it's also the means of mass education. If you want to know about history, if you want to know about culture, you go to the theatre. The problem with this is that during the time of Shakespeare, around the 16th century, as we discussed last class, there's a major conflict going on between the Protestant religion and the Catholic religion. And so the queen, Queen Elizabeth, is concerned about theatre as a means of creating dissent in society.", "word_count": 173, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-001", "start": 1148.172, "end": 1149.9, "text": "But if it's musical,", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-002", "start": 1150.12, "end": 1153.56, "text": "then it's easy to remember because it becomes like a song,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-003", "start": 1153.68, "end": 1155.62, "text": "right? It's really easy for us to remember songs.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-004", "start": 1157.32, "end": 1161.49, "text": "So, flat iambic pentameter, Shakespeare's plays are memorable,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-005", "start": 1161.49, "end": 1164.67, "text": "beautiful, and resonant, meaning they touch our souls.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-006", "start": 1165.56, "end": 1167.42, "text": "And again, these are ordinary people.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-007", "start": 1167.72, "end": 1175, "text": "So through iambic pentameter, Shakespeare's performing a surgery on the imagination of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-008", "start": 1175, "end": 1177.13, "text": "civilization. All right.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-009", "start": 1177.29, "end": 1180.91, "text": "So having said that, let's go into some brief history about Shakespeare.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-010", "start": 1182.25, "end": 1184.33, "text": "During the time of Shakespeare,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-011", "start": 1185.62, "end": 1188.74, "text": "theatre is extremely popular around the country.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-012", "start": 1189.58, "end": 1193.2, "text": "And theatre is primarily the means of mass entertainment,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-013", "start": 1193.96, "end": 1195.44, "text": "but it's also the means of mass education.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-014", "start": 1196.08, "end": 1197.46, "text": "If you want to know about history,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-015", "start": 1197.64, "end": 1198.66, "text": "if you want to know about culture,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-016", "start": 1199.34, "end": 1200.52, "text": "you go to the theatre.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-017", "start": 1200.76, "end": 1203.72, "text": "The problem with this is that during the time of Shakespeare,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-018", "start": 1203.9, "end": 1206.7, "text": "around the 16th century, as we discussed last class,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-019", "start": 1206.92, "end": 1211.24, "text": "there's a major conflict going on between the Protestant religion and the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-020", "start": 1211.24, "end": 1211.86, "text": "Catholic religion.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-021", "start": 1212.6, "end": 1215.1, "text": "And so the queen,", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-022", "start": 1215.22, "end": 1221.38, "text": "Queen Elizabeth, is concerned about theatre as a means of creating dissent", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-023", "start": 1221.38, "end": 1221.98, "text": "in society.", "word_count": 2 } ], "text_sha256": "268ac37c3af696518e35e0a7a1f76408db620350f20eca7232baaa6606562ec2", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0018", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1148s", "time_label": "19:08", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0019", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "start": 1222.54, "end": 1284.51, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "So what they do is, they force all the theatre productions to be placed in the suburb of London. And that's where Shakespeare is going to work. By doing that, Shakespeare is being introduced to all the major theatre of that time. So Shakespeare never actually wrote anything that is unique. So Hamlet, Julius Caesar, Othello, King Lear, these are all plays that are part of the British theatrical imagination. But what he does that's different is he reimagines the characters, he uses new diction into the plays to make it beautiful. So this is the Globe, which is where Shakespeare performed much of his productions. The Globe Theatre. The thing to also remember about this time is theatre is low class. So in this district, this theatre district, there are lots of brothels. People go to theatre and they get drunk. They're drinking, they're spitting, they're eating stuff.", "word_count": 149, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-001", "start": 1222.54, "end": 1223.78, "text": "So what they do is,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-002", "start": 1224.06, "end": 1228.32, "text": "they force all the theatre productions to be placed in the suburb", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-003", "start": 1228.32, "end": 1228.96, "text": "of London.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-004", "start": 1229.22, "end": 1231.02, "text": "And that's where Shakespeare is going to work.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-005", "start": 1231.42, "end": 1237.32, "text": "By doing that, Shakespeare is being introduced to all the major theatre", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-006", "start": 1237.32, "end": 1238.34, "text": "of that time.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-007", "start": 1238.78, "end": 1241.78, "text": "So Shakespeare never actually wrote anything that is unique.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-008", "start": 1242.42, "end": 1244.72, "text": "So Hamlet, Julius Caesar, Othello,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-009", "start": 1244.88, "end": 1249.44, "text": "King Lear, these are all plays that are part of the British", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-010", "start": 1249.44, "end": 1250.9, "text": "theatrical imagination.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-011", "start": 1250.9, "end": 1254.78, "text": "But what he does that's different is he reimagines the characters,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-012", "start": 1255.08, "end": 1259.06, "text": "he uses new diction into the plays to make it beautiful.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-013", "start": 1259.34, "end": 1260.62, "text": "So this is the Globe,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-014", "start": 1260.78, "end": 1264.7, "text": "which is where Shakespeare performed much of his productions.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-015", "start": 1265.2, "end": 1266.26, "text": "The Globe Theatre.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-016", "start": 1267.98, "end": 1272.68, "text": "The thing to also remember about this time is theatre is low", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-017", "start": 1272.68, "end": 1276.11, "text": "class. So in this district,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-018", "start": 1276.31, "end": 1278.77, "text": "this theatre district, there are lots of brothels.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-019", "start": 1279.39, "end": 1281.51, "text": "People go to theatre and they get drunk.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-020", "start": 1281.63, "end": 1283.61, "text": "They're drinking, they're spitting,", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-021", "start": 1283.81, "end": 1284.51, "text": "they're eating stuff.", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "60420ac0ca6149038984c3ffc9937014d6d55ef504759aab26505959226972ea", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0019", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1222s", "time_label": "20:22", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0020", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "start": 1284.89, "end": 1350.4, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "They're also participating in something called, in a gambling activity called bear baiting. Bear baiting is really strange. But the idea is, you take a bear, you chain him up, you blind him, and then you have dogs attack him. And then you bet who wins, the bear or the dogs. And this is a really popular thing to do at this time. So it just shows you that we think of Shakespeare as very high class, and we teach Shakespeare as high class, but at this time, Shakespeare is very, very low class. And Shakespeare's plays are performed right beside bear baiting venues as well as brothels. But this is important because if Shakespeare is reaching to the masses, he's educating the masses into a global imagination. Shakespeare in theatre is so detested by the upper class that from 1642 to 1660, the Puritans banned it from England. Remember we discussed the Puritans and how they're obsessed with control.", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-001", "start": 1284.89, "end": 1286.95, "text": "They're also participating in something called,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-002", "start": 1286.99, "end": 1289.37, "text": "in a gambling activity called bear baiting.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-003", "start": 1289.59, "end": 1291.01, "text": "Bear baiting is really strange.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-004", "start": 1291.17, "end": 1292.75, "text": "But the idea is, you take a bear,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-005", "start": 1292.81, "end": 1295.01, "text": "you chain him up, you blind him,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-006", "start": 1295.17, "end": 1297.13, "text": "and then you have dogs attack him.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-007", "start": 1297.23, "end": 1298.21, "text": "And then you bet who wins,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-008", "start": 1298.33, "end": 1299.23, "text": "the bear or the dogs.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-009", "start": 1299.53, "end": 1302.43, "text": "And this is a really popular thing to do at this time.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-010", "start": 1303.07, "end": 1306.67, "text": "So it just shows you that we think of Shakespeare as very", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-011", "start": 1306.67, "end": 1309.01, "text": "high class, and we teach Shakespeare as high class,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-012", "start": 1309.25, "end": 1311.37, "text": "but at this time, Shakespeare is very,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-013", "start": 1311.55, "end": 1312.25, "text": "very low class.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-014", "start": 1312.51, "end": 1318.89, "text": "And Shakespeare's plays are performed right beside bear baiting venues as well", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-015", "start": 1318.89, "end": 1319.79, "text": "as brothels.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-016", "start": 1319.97, "end": 1325.44, "text": "But this is important because if Shakespeare is reaching to the masses,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-017", "start": 1326.6, "end": 1330.66, "text": "he's educating the masses into a global imagination.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-018", "start": 1334.98, "end": 1340.36, "text": "Shakespeare in theatre is so detested by the upper class that from", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-019", "start": 1340.36, "end": 1345.7, "text": "1642 to 1660, the Puritans banned it from England.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-020", "start": 1345.92, "end": 1348.16, "text": "Remember we discussed the Puritans and how they're", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-021", "start": 1348.16, "end": 1350.4, "text": "obsessed with control.", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "78a7d3218a1e541649c74cbb7ed64637f460e0342ac64da5ab2dfc16394abbda", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0020", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1284s", "time_label": "21:24", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0021", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "start": 1350.64, "end": 1412.1, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "They hate alcohol, they hate fun, they hate theatre, especially theatre. They hate Shakespeare. So they banned it. So during this time, Shakespeare is extremely controversial. So having gone into history, let's discuss the genius of Shakespeare. You do Shakespeare in school, you've read quite a few of his plays, so I'm not going to go too deeply, but I'm going to focus on one example that distinguishes Shakespeare from all other playwrights. So the example I want to use is Hamlet. Hamlet, the story you know, it's a very simple story. It's about this prince of Denmark called Hamlet. He's going to a university in Germany, I believe Wittgenstein, which is where Martin Luther went. He comes home, and then he's visited by the ghost of his dead father. And the ghost of his dead father tells Hamlet, I was killed by your uncle Claudius, who now has stolen the throne from me, as well as married my wife Gertrude, your mother.", "word_count": 163, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-001", "start": 1350.64, "end": 1353.36, "text": "They hate alcohol, they hate fun,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-002", "start": 1353.54, "end": 1354.78, "text": "they hate theatre, especially theatre.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-003", "start": 1354.86, "end": 1355.36, "text": "They hate Shakespeare.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-004", "start": 1355.52, "end": 1356.38, "text": "So they banned it.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-005", "start": 1356.6, "end": 1359.54, "text": "So during this time, Shakespeare is extremely controversial.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-006", "start": 1362.58, "end": 1364.42, "text": "So having gone into history,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-007", "start": 1364.9, "end": 1368.22, "text": "let's discuss the genius of Shakespeare.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-008", "start": 1369.52, "end": 1371.44, "text": "You do Shakespeare in school,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-009", "start": 1371.68, "end": 1373.12, "text": "you've read quite a few of his plays,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-010", "start": 1373.12, "end": 1374.74, "text": "so I'm not going to go too deeply,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-011", "start": 1374.9, "end": 1380.06, "text": "but I'm going to focus on one example that distinguishes Shakespeare from", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-012", "start": 1380.06, "end": 1381.32, "text": "all other playwrights.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-013", "start": 1381.32, "end": 1383.1, "text": "So the example I want to use is Hamlet.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-014", "start": 1383.76, "end": 1384.96, "text": "Hamlet, the story you know,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-015", "start": 1385.04, "end": 1385.86, "text": "it's a very simple story.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-016", "start": 1386.06, "end": 1388.6, "text": "It's about this prince of Denmark called Hamlet.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-017", "start": 1388.72, "end": 1393.4, "text": "He's going to a university in Germany,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-018", "start": 1394.24, "end": 1397, "text": "I believe Wittgenstein, which is where Martin Luther went.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-019", "start": 1397.22, "end": 1400.92, "text": "He comes home, and then he's visited by the ghost of his", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-020", "start": 1400.92, "end": 1401.62, "text": "dead father.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-021", "start": 1401.62, "end": 1403.88, "text": "And the ghost of his dead father tells Hamlet,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-022", "start": 1404.06, "end": 1407.6, "text": "I was killed by your uncle Claudius,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-023", "start": 1407.64, "end": 1409.96, "text": "who now has stolen the throne from me,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-024", "start": 1410, "end": 1410.46, "text": "as well as", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-025", "start": 1410.46, "end": 1412.1, "text": "married my wife Gertrude, your mother.", "word_count": 6 } ], "text_sha256": "13d3734edd9447271b16f168f8dc95d15c40ccc7b03531cc4b2a8f08499aa3df", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0021", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1350s", "time_label": "22:30", "tags": [ "reading-quoted-material" ] }, { "id": "seg-0022", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0022", "start": 1412.4, "end": 1475.86, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "It is your responsibility as my son to seek vengeance against Claudius. So that's the mission of Hamlet. The problem is that Hamlet, he is a very analytical person. He thinks too much. Paralysis is analysis. So he spends the entire play thinking about how to kill him, kill Claudius, but also whether or not to kill Claudius. And this is why we believe that Hamlet is Shakespeare's best play, because it is a very deep philosophical work. And in many ways, Hamlet is really the expression of Shakespeare. You may not know this, but Shakespeare had a son called Hamnet, and Hamnet actually died when he was young. So a lot of scholars of Shakespeare, and there are like thousands of scholars on Shakespeare, believe Hamlet is Shakespeare's most personal play. All right. So we're going to go into a bit of Shakespeare and look at the most famous soliloquy in Shakespeare to understand how he thinks, how he writes.", "word_count": 161, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-001", "start": 1412.4, "end": 1416.88, "text": "It is your responsibility as my son to seek vengeance against Claudius.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-002", "start": 1417.18, "end": 1420.22, "text": "So that's the mission of Hamlet.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-003", "start": 1420.48, "end": 1422.62, "text": "The problem is that Hamlet,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-004", "start": 1423.28, "end": 1426.02, "text": "he is a very analytical person.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-005", "start": 1426.1, "end": 1427.02, "text": "He thinks too much.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-006", "start": 1427.3, "end": 1428.4, "text": "Paralysis is analysis.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-007", "start": 1429.02, "end": 1432.76, "text": "So he spends the entire play thinking about how to kill him,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-008", "start": 1432.86, "end": 1435.68, "text": "kill Claudius, but also whether or not to kill Claudius.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-009", "start": 1435.88, "end": 1440.42, "text": "And this is why we believe that Hamlet is Shakespeare's best play,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-010", "start": 1440.58, "end": 1444.24, "text": "because it is a very deep philosophical work.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-011", "start": 1444.54, "end": 1449.34, "text": "And in many ways, Hamlet is really the expression of Shakespeare.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-012", "start": 1450.22, "end": 1451.34, "text": "You may not know this,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-013", "start": 1451.44, "end": 1453.28, "text": "but Shakespeare had a son called Hamnet,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-014", "start": 1453.42, "end": 1455.38, "text": "and Hamnet actually died when he was young.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-015", "start": 1455.58, "end": 1457.5, "text": "So a lot of scholars of Shakespeare,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-016", "start": 1457.6, "end": 1459.66, "text": "and there are like thousands of scholars on Shakespeare,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-017", "start": 1459.66, "end": 1464.28, "text": "believe Hamlet is Shakespeare's most personal play.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-018", "start": 1464.6, "end": 1465.4, "text": "All right.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-019", "start": 1465.66, "end": 1469.04, "text": "So we're going to go into a bit of Shakespeare and look", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-020", "start": 1469.04, "end": 1472.66, "text": "at the most famous soliloquy in Shakespeare to", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-021", "start": 1472.66, "end": 1475.86, "text": "understand how he thinks, how he writes.", "word_count": 7 } ], "text_sha256": "289070d438e39f227b927e3bf97df8bba60921cc2fa54043f87db00718aece28", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0022", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1412s", "time_label": "23:32", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0023", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0023", "start": 1476.63, "end": 1540.3, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "All right. So, again, this is an iambic pentameter. To be or not to be, that is the question. Whether it is nobler in the mind to suffer the sling and arrows of outrageous fortune, or to take arms against a sea of troubles, and by opposing end them, to die, to sleep, no more, and by its sleep, to say we end the heartache and a thousand natural shocks that flesh is here to, to the consummation devoutly to be wished, to die, to sleep, to sleep perchance to dream, ay, there's the rub. For in that sleep of death what dreams may come when we have shuffled off this mortal coil must give us pause. There's respect that makes calamity of so long life. Thus conscious doth make cowards of us all, and thus the native hue of resolution is slinkered over with a pale cast of thought, and then it prizes of great pith and moment.", "word_count": 159, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-001", "start": 1476.63, "end": 1477.1, "text": "All right.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-002", "start": 1477.14, "end": 1480.67, "text": "So, again, this is an iambic pentameter.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-003", "start": 1480.93, "end": 1483.59, "text": "To be or not to be,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-004", "start": 1483.75, "end": 1485.35, "text": "that is the question.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-005", "start": 1485.77, "end": 1490.97, "text": "Whether it is nobler in the mind to suffer the sling and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-006", "start": 1490.97, "end": 1495.13, "text": "arrows of outrageous fortune, or to take arms against a sea of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-007", "start": 1495.13, "end": 1498.03, "text": "troubles, and by opposing end them,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-008", "start": 1498.13, "end": 1501.09, "text": "to die, to sleep, no more,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-009", "start": 1501.29, "end": 1505.01, "text": "and by its sleep, to say we end the heartache and a", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-010", "start": 1505.01, "end": 1509.4, "text": "thousand natural shocks that flesh is here to,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-011", "start": 1509.56, "end": 1512.46, "text": "to the consummation devoutly to be wished,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-012", "start": 1512.62, "end": 1517, "text": "to die, to sleep, to sleep perchance to dream,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-013", "start": 1517.28, "end": 1518.82, "text": "ay, there's the rub.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-014", "start": 1519.08, "end": 1522.28, "text": "For in that sleep of death what dreams may come when we", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-015", "start": 1522.28, "end": 1525.52, "text": "have shuffled off this mortal coil must give us pause.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-016", "start": 1525.78, "end": 1529.96, "text": "There's respect that makes calamity of so long life.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-017", "start": 1530.42, "end": 1533.22, "text": "Thus conscious doth make cowards of us all,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-018", "start": 1533.36, "end": 1537.08, "text": "and thus the native hue of resolution is slinkered over with a", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-019", "start": 1537.08, "end": 1538.84, "text": "pale cast of thought, and then it", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-020", "start": 1538.84, "end": 1540.3, "text": "prizes of great pith and moment.", "word_count": 6 } ], "text_sha256": "462d1bdc1a718b2a139470fe61355cf11c3dbb59028a9cfd52a825fb2425d94a", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0023", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1476s", "time_label": "24:36", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0024", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0024", "start": 1540.5, "end": 1598.32, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "With this regard, their currents turn awry and lose the name of action. Okay. So some brief comments about the soliloquy. First of all, as you can understand, it's beautiful. Right? It's also, if you think about it, pretty easy to read. There are lots of really complicated words in the speech, but it's really smooth. Right? If you read it for yourself, it's really smooth. And that's the power of emic metameter. If you really want to be fluent in English, just read Shakespeare aloud for a few months and your English will be perfect. Okay? The British really are the best practitioners of English. If you read Macbeth, it's like the Economist. It's really the best written magazine in the world. And you think to yourself, well, duh, the British invented English. Right? No. Okay? Just because you invent something doesn't mean you're good at it. So the Chinese invented gunpowder, compass, printing, paper, didn't really get us anywhere.", "word_count": 161, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-001", "start": 1540.5, "end": 1544.02, "text": "With this regard, their currents turn awry and lose the name of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-002", "start": 1544.02, "end": 1545.06, "text": "action. Okay.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-003", "start": 1545.38, "end": 1548.62, "text": "So some brief comments about the soliloquy.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-004", "start": 1548.62, "end": 1550.14, "text": "First of all, as you can understand,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-005", "start": 1550.52, "end": 1551.1, "text": "it's beautiful.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-006", "start": 1551.5, "end": 1553.88, "text": "Right? It's also, if you think about it,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-007", "start": 1553.92, "end": 1554.9, "text": "pretty easy to read.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-008", "start": 1555.14, "end": 1558.24, "text": "There are lots of really complicated words in the speech,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-009", "start": 1558.44, "end": 1560.2, "text": "but it's really smooth.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-010", "start": 1560.64, "end": 1561.8, "text": "Right? If you read it for yourself,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-011", "start": 1562.08, "end": 1563.24, "text": "it's really smooth.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-012", "start": 1563.48, "end": 1565.54, "text": "And that's the power of emic metameter.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-013", "start": 1565.68, "end": 1567.22, "text": "If you really want to be fluent in English,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-014", "start": 1567.84, "end": 1571.8, "text": "just read Shakespeare aloud for a few months and your English will", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-015", "start": 1571.8, "end": 1572.4, "text": "be perfect.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-016", "start": 1572.66, "end": 1577.46, "text": "Okay? The British really are the best practitioners of English.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-017", "start": 1577.72, "end": 1579.66, "text": "If you read Macbeth, it's like the Economist.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-018", "start": 1581.16, "end": 1583.92, "text": "It's really the best written magazine in the world.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-019", "start": 1584.14, "end": 1584.96, "text": "And you think to yourself,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-020", "start": 1585.16, "end": 1587.76, "text": "well, duh, the British invented English.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-021", "start": 1588.24, "end": 1589.88, "text": "Right? No.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-022", "start": 1590.24, "end": 1592.7, "text": "Okay? Just because you invent something doesn't mean you're good at it.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-023", "start": 1592.82, "end": 1594.9, "text": "So the Chinese invented gunpowder,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-024", "start": 1594.9, "end": 1595.2, "text": "compass,", "word_count": 1 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-025", "start": 1595.56, "end": 1598.32, "text": "printing, paper, didn't really get us anywhere.", "word_count": 7 } ], "text_sha256": "120001bf9a58dd5f932670ef9e5fc255bd6376bec18c9170380d137afe16271d", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0024", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1540s", "time_label": "25:40", "tags": [ "reading-quoted-material" ] }, { "id": "seg-0025", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "start": 1598.48, "end": 1648.33, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "Okay? The fact of the matter is that in England, you're expected to read and know Shakespeare. Right? So it's Shakespeare that allows the British to have amazing English. All right. So this is very complicated. But it's actually not that deep. Okay? It's not like Dante. Dante is very, very deep. But Shakespeare is actually not that deep. All right? So let's look at what it actually means with these words. Okay? To be or not to be. That is the question. Against the misfortune in our lives, is it more brave and good to bear it or to step against it? I no longer want to bear this pain. Let me sleep. I no longer want to feel my heartache and my body become weak and injured. That is my wish. I want to sleep and to dream. But that is a danger, isn't it? When we are dead, we cannot control what we dream.", "word_count": 157, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-001", "start": 1598.48, "end": 1601.72, "text": "Okay? The fact of the matter is that in England,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-002", "start": 1601.94, "end": 1604.74, "text": "you're expected to read and know Shakespeare.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-003", "start": 1606.34, "end": 1610.14, "text": "Right? So it's Shakespeare that allows the British to have amazing English.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-004", "start": 1610.46, "end": 1611, "text": "All right.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-005", "start": 1611.48, "end": 1612.7, "text": "So this is very complicated.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-006", "start": 1612.92, "end": 1615.94, "text": "But it's actually not that deep.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-007", "start": 1616.47, "end": 1617.43, "text": "Okay? It's not like Dante.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-008", "start": 1617.57, "end": 1618.85, "text": "Dante is very, very deep.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-009", "start": 1619.01, "end": 1620.81, "text": "But Shakespeare is actually not that deep.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-010", "start": 1620.93, "end": 1621.15, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-011", "start": 1621.17, "end": 1624.25, "text": "So let's look at what it actually means with these words.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-012", "start": 1624.73, "end": 1626.85, "text": "Okay? To be or not to be.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-013", "start": 1627.11, "end": 1628.17, "text": "That is the question.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-014", "start": 1628.51, "end": 1630.31, "text": "Against the misfortune in our lives,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-015", "start": 1630.43, "end": 1632.97, "text": "is it more brave and good to bear it or to step", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-016", "start": 1632.97, "end": 1633.63, "text": "against it?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-017", "start": 1633.77, "end": 1635.55, "text": "I no longer want to bear this pain.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-018", "start": 1635.75, "end": 1636.59, "text": "Let me sleep.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-019", "start": 1636.59, "end": 1639.57, "text": "I no longer want to feel my heartache and my body become", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-020", "start": 1639.57, "end": 1640.37, "text": "weak and injured.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-021", "start": 1640.53, "end": 1641.43, "text": "That is my wish.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-022", "start": 1641.59, "end": 1643.27, "text": "I want to sleep and to dream.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-023", "start": 1643.55, "end": 1644.65, "text": "But that is a danger,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-024", "start": 1644.75, "end": 1645.23, "text": "isn't it?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-025", "start": 1645.45, "end": 1647.01, "text": "When we are dead, we cannot", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-026", "start": 1647.01, "end": 1648.33, "text": "control what we dream.", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "0bef08b43b057555ee742cc356429af14eb3e59a5e40ff2fe1e5fc325cef1f79", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0025", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1598s", "time_label": "26:38", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0026", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0026", "start": 1648.55, "end": 1701.13, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "And that is what frightens me. And that's why I continue to bear the misfortunes around me. It is my own mind that has made me a coward and why each time when I become determined, my resolve breaks apart and I cannot act. Okay? That's what he's saying. That's literally what he's saying. No difference. But of course, when you do this, when you simplify Shakespeare, you lose the beauty and richness of Shakespeare. All right? So now the question then is, why is Shakespeare so complicated? What's he trying to do with his language? Okay? So the first thing that he's trying to do is he's trying to use language as a mechanism to convey different realities, different meanings. Okay? So in Shakespeare, with each of his plays, there are many different ways to convey different layers of meaning that can be true at the same time. All right? So let me show you an example of this.", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-001", "start": 1648.55, "end": 1650.05, "text": "And that is what frightens me.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-002", "start": 1650.17, "end": 1653.15, "text": "And that's why I continue to bear the misfortunes around me.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-003", "start": 1653.57, "end": 1656.43, "text": "It is my own mind that has made me a coward and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-004", "start": 1656.43, "end": 1657.97, "text": "why each time when I become determined,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-005", "start": 1658.27, "end": 1660.37, "text": "my resolve breaks apart and I cannot act.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-006", "start": 1660.55, "end": 1661.63, "text": "Okay? That's what he's saying.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-007", "start": 1661.83, "end": 1663.07, "text": "That's literally what he's saying.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-008", "start": 1663.13, "end": 1663.53, "text": "No difference.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-009", "start": 1664.33, "end": 1666.53, "text": "But of course, when you do this,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-010", "start": 1666.57, "end": 1672.01, "text": "when you simplify Shakespeare, you lose the beauty and richness of Shakespeare.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-011", "start": 1672.43, "end": 1673.15, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-012", "start": 1673.23, "end": 1674.37, "text": "So now the question then is,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-013", "start": 1674.59, "end": 1676.87, "text": "why is Shakespeare so complicated?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-014", "start": 1677.15, "end": 1679.45, "text": "What's he trying to do with his language?", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-015", "start": 1679.71, "end": 1683.01, "text": "Okay? So the first thing that he's trying to do is he's", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-016", "start": 1683.01, "end": 1689.25, "text": "trying to use language as a mechanism to convey different realities,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-017", "start": 1689.67, "end": 1690.69, "text": "different meanings.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-018", "start": 1690.93, "end": 1693.89, "text": "Okay? So in Shakespeare, with each of his plays,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-019", "start": 1694.01, "end": 1696.79, "text": "there are many different ways to convey different layers of meaning that", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-020", "start": 1696.79, "end": 1698.11, "text": "can be true at the same time.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-021", "start": 1698.47, "end": 1699.07, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-022", "start": 1699.13, "end": 1700.17, "text": "So let me show you", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-023", "start": 1700.17, "end": 1701.13, "text": "an example of this.", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "f3a3627a836e962efddba4a1a0633d40170683464adc3c70ba4e93fff45ed08e", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0026", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1648s", "time_label": "27:28", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0027", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0027", "start": 1702.06, "end": 1748.34, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "Let's look at the first possible interpretation of to be or not to be. Okay? You can say it means to die or to live. I cannot decide. I do not know if it's more brave to live a painful life or to run away from it and escape into death. So this is saying that Hamlet is overwhelmed by the moral dilemma he's put in. Okay? He cannot escape. He has to avenge his father. Right? Or he cannot sleep. But avenging his father means killing his uncle, who his mother loves. Okay? It's an impossible moral dilemma. He doesn't want to deal with it. So he wants to kill himself. Okay? That's one possible interpretation. Another possible interpretation is to kill or not to kill, I do not know. Is it more good to let those who do evil suffer their own fate or should I stop their evil and end their lives? Okay?", "word_count": 156, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-001", "start": 1702.06, "end": 1704.98, "text": "Let's look at the first possible interpretation of to be or not", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-002", "start": 1704.98, "end": 1705.26, "text": "to be.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-003", "start": 1705.4, "end": 1708.9, "text": "Okay? You can say it means to die or to live.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-004", "start": 1709.06, "end": 1709.78, "text": "I cannot decide.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-005", "start": 1710.12, "end": 1712.02, "text": "I do not know if it's more brave to live a painful", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-006", "start": 1712.02, "end": 1714.32, "text": "life or to run away from it and escape into death.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-007", "start": 1714.6, "end": 1718.86, "text": "So this is saying that Hamlet is overwhelmed by the moral dilemma", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-008", "start": 1718.86, "end": 1719.54, "text": "he's put in.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-009", "start": 1719.8, "end": 1722.72, "text": "Okay? He cannot escape.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-010", "start": 1723.38, "end": 1725.3, "text": "He has to avenge his father.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-011", "start": 1726.06, "end": 1727.28, "text": "Right? Or he cannot sleep.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-012", "start": 1727.58, "end": 1730.06, "text": "But avenging his father means killing his uncle,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-013", "start": 1730.28, "end": 1731.38, "text": "who his mother loves.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-014", "start": 1731.58, "end": 1733.12, "text": "Okay? It's an impossible moral dilemma.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-015", "start": 1733.38, "end": 1735.02, "text": "He doesn't want to deal with it.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-016", "start": 1735.12, "end": 1735.96, "text": "So he wants to kill himself.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-017", "start": 1736.12, "end": 1737.2, "text": "Okay? That's one possible interpretation.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-018", "start": 1738.66, "end": 1742.28, "text": "Another possible interpretation is to kill or not to kill,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-019", "start": 1742.38, "end": 1742.88, "text": "I do not know.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-020", "start": 1743.06, "end": 1745.38, "text": "Is it more good to let those who do evil suffer their", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-021", "start": 1745.38, "end": 1748.04, "text": "own fate or should I stop their evil and end their lives?", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-022", "start": 1748.16, "end": 1748.34, "text": "Okay?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "87f78806f3bdd5dfef51dd2cbc37fb202467eddfd7dee6920502608b4b96c38a", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0027", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1702s", "time_label": "28:22", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0028", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0028", "start": 1748.4, "end": 1802.7, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "So you can interpret this as saying he's asking himself, how should he kill Claudius? Should he kill Claudius? Okay? That's a different interpretation. Yet another interpretation is should I follow my fate or should I defy it? Is it more brave and good to do as I am told or to fight against my fate and in so doing perhaps die? Okay? So this is a much more deeper and richer meaning where he's talking about fate and life in general. He's making the argument that we have no free will. We are forced into a situation where we must do what fate tells us. And in this situation, what does it mean to be human? What does it mean to have free will where you're controlled by the forces of fate around you? Okay? So that's a much deeper meaning. And then the last deep meaning is what is the point of existence? I do not know. When we exist, we must face pointless questions in our lives.", "word_count": 170, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-001", "start": 1748.4, "end": 1750.98, "text": "So you can interpret this as saying he's asking himself,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-002", "start": 1751.26, "end": 1753.08, "text": "how should he kill Claudius?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-003", "start": 1753.08, "end": 1754.9, "text": "Should he kill Claudius?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-004", "start": 1755.08, "end": 1756.68, "text": "Okay? That's a different interpretation.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-005", "start": 1758.03, "end": 1762.28, "text": "Yet another interpretation is should I follow my fate or should I", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-006", "start": 1762.28, "end": 1762.82, "text": "defy it?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-007", "start": 1762.9, "end": 1764.88, "text": "Is it more brave and good to do as I am told", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-008", "start": 1764.88, "end": 1768.16, "text": "or to fight against my fate and in so doing perhaps die?", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-009", "start": 1768.36, "end": 1771.46, "text": "Okay? So this is a much more deeper and richer meaning where", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-010", "start": 1771.46, "end": 1774.84, "text": "he's talking about fate and life in general.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-011", "start": 1775.08, "end": 1778.58, "text": "He's making the argument that we have no free will.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-012", "start": 1778.76, "end": 1782.92, "text": "We are forced into a situation where we must do what fate", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-013", "start": 1782.92, "end": 1783.8, "text": "tells us.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-014", "start": 1783.88, "end": 1786.6, "text": "And in this situation, what does it mean to be human?", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-015", "start": 1786.82, "end": 1790.64, "text": "What does it mean to have free will where you're controlled by", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-016", "start": 1790.64, "end": 1792.42, "text": "the forces of fate around you?", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-017", "start": 1792.86, "end": 1794.66, "text": "Okay? So that's a much deeper meaning.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-018", "start": 1795.02, "end": 1798.36, "text": "And then the last deep meaning is what is the point of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-019", "start": 1798.36, "end": 1799.58, "text": "existence? I do not know.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-020", "start": 1799.76, "end": 1800.06, "text": "When", "word_count": 1 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-021", "start": 1800.06, "end": 1802.7, "text": "we exist, we must face pointless questions in our lives.", "word_count": 10 } ], "text_sha256": "8ce2d49c7fedc809a3430f436c50ca88521e8edce4fcceda6d072ba9633ab648", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0028", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1748s", "time_label": "29:08", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0029", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "start": 1802.78, "end": 1861.66, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "Should we suffer or should we fight? Okay? So this is the deepest meaning where he's actually asking what is existence? What is the point of all this? How do we get here? What is the purpose of existence? Okay? So there are four possible interpretations of this speech. And they're all correct. You can interpret them any way they want. Okay? So it's the first power of Shakespeare where he's forcing you to interpret his speech in different ways. Okay? The second power of Shakespeare is it's visual. Okay? In this tradition, in this oral culture where no one reads and writes, well, most people don't read and write, most people are accessing their information through words. Right? And in this tradition, words are images. All right? So let's go over the Silicui and see how these are images. Okay? So when Hamlet says, suffer the slings and arrows", "word_count": 150, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-001", "start": 1802.78, "end": 1804.34, "text": "Should we suffer or should we fight?", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-002", "start": 1804.52, "end": 1809.58, "text": "Okay? So this is the deepest meaning where he's actually asking what", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-003", "start": 1809.58, "end": 1810.84, "text": "is existence?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-004", "start": 1811.46, "end": 1813.18, "text": "What is the point of all this?", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-005", "start": 1813.18, "end": 1814.62, "text": "How do we get here?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-006", "start": 1815.6, "end": 1817.44, "text": "What is the purpose of existence?", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-007", "start": 1817.78, "end": 1821.82, "text": "Okay? So there are four possible interpretations of this speech.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-008", "start": 1821.98, "end": 1824.06, "text": "And they're all correct.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-009", "start": 1824.28, "end": 1826.08, "text": "You can interpret them any way they want.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-010", "start": 1826.24, "end": 1831.08, "text": "Okay? So it's the first power of Shakespeare where he's forcing you", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-011", "start": 1831.6, "end": 1833.58, "text": "to interpret his speech in different ways.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-012", "start": 1833.86, "end": 1837.64, "text": "Okay? The second power of Shakespeare is it's visual.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-013", "start": 1837.88, "end": 1841.64, "text": "Okay? In this tradition, in this oral culture where no one reads", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-014", "start": 1841.64, "end": 1843.54, "text": "and writes, well, most people don't read and write,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-015", "start": 1843.72, "end": 1847.6, "text": "most people are accessing their information through words.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-016", "start": 1847.94, "end": 1849.52, "text": "Right? And in this tradition,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-017", "start": 1849.68, "end": 1851.42, "text": "words are images.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-018", "start": 1851.74, "end": 1852.2, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-019", "start": 1852.22, "end": 1857.28, "text": "So let's go over the Silicui and see how these are images.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-020", "start": 1857.48, "end": 1859.84, "text": "Okay? So when Hamlet says,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-021", "start": 1860.06, "end": 1861.66, "text": "suffer the slings and arrows", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "50d333b1053c6974ede737650e7836baa6d8eef256d745d3d2b00a0b385885f7", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0029", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1802s", "time_label": "30:02", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0030", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0030", "start": 1861.66, "end": 1921.9, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "of outrageous fortune or take arms against a sea of troubles and by opposing end them, the audience is seeing these pictures. They're seeing a movie in their heads. Okay? That's the attraction of Shakespeare. Okay? Do you guys see this? Is it clear to you guys? All right? And because you're seeing pictures, they remember all this. Okay? When you talk to an English person, it's amazing how much Shakespeare that person knows subconsciously. Another image. Okay? In that sleep of death, what do you say? Come, we have shuffled off this mortal coil, must give us pause. All right? So this is an image of a person who's dead to his soul and goes up to heaven. But what's in heaven? What's in that sleep of death? No one knows. Okay? Another image. The native hue of resolution is slinkered over with a pale cast of thought. Okay? So this is a complicated sentence, but it's really about", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-001", "start": 1861.66, "end": 1865.2, "text": "of outrageous fortune or take arms against a sea of troubles and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-002", "start": 1865.2, "end": 1869.38, "text": "by opposing end them, the audience is seeing these pictures.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-003", "start": 1869.54, "end": 1871.12, "text": "They're seeing a movie in their heads.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-004", "start": 1871.85, "end": 1874.35, "text": "Okay? That's the attraction of Shakespeare.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-005", "start": 1875.65, "end": 1876.63, "text": "Okay? Do you guys see this?", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-006", "start": 1876.89, "end": 1878.01, "text": "Is it clear to you guys?", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-007", "start": 1878.67, "end": 1879.33, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-008", "start": 1879.47, "end": 1881.05, "text": "And because you're seeing pictures,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-009", "start": 1881.43, "end": 1883.13, "text": "they remember all this.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-010", "start": 1883.41, "end": 1885.29, "text": "Okay? When you talk to an English person,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-011", "start": 1885.43, "end": 1890.97, "text": "it's amazing how much Shakespeare that person knows subconsciously.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-012", "start": 1891.53, "end": 1892.33, "text": "Another image.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-013", "start": 1892.45, "end": 1894.73, "text": "Okay? In that sleep of death,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-014", "start": 1894.93, "end": 1895.41, "text": "what do you say?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-015", "start": 1895.51, "end": 1897.63, "text": "Come, we have shuffled off this mortal coil,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-016", "start": 1897.75, "end": 1898.79, "text": "must give us pause.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-017", "start": 1899.25, "end": 1899.87, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-018", "start": 1899.91, "end": 1902.71, "text": "So this is an image of a person who's dead to his", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-019", "start": 1902.71, "end": 1904.95, "text": "soul and goes up to heaven.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-020", "start": 1905.19, "end": 1906.33, "text": "But what's in heaven?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-021", "start": 1906.51, "end": 1908.37, "text": "What's in that sleep of death?", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-022", "start": 1908.59, "end": 1909.39, "text": "No one knows.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-023", "start": 1910.48, "end": 1913.26, "text": "Okay? Another image.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-024", "start": 1914.08, "end": 1917.44, "text": "The native hue of resolution is slinkered over with a pale cast", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-025", "start": 1917.44, "end": 1917.86, "text": "of thought.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-026", "start": 1918.42, "end": 1920.32, "text": "Okay? So this is a complicated sentence,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-027", "start": 1920.54, "end": 1921.9, "text": "but it's really about", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "9e9c88d1c97de84fa2d0d2afa8ee009a4218dd1517293d2935b6336c6ceec903", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0030", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1861s", "time_label": "31:01", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0031", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "start": 1921.9, "end": 1988.44, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "how something that is clear to us, once we think about it, becomes very dark and unclear. All right? So that's the power of Shakespeare. It's a visual language. All right. Another example. Enterprise of great pivot moment, their currents turn awry and lose some action. All right? So imagine a ship. It's going very, it's going in a direction. You're set on that path. But the moment you think about it, the moment you think deeply about what you're doing, the ship collapses. You don't know where you're going anymore. All right? So is that clear to you guys? All right. So another example of the power of Shakespeare is Julius Caesar. I'm not sure if you read Julius Caesar in school, but Julius Caesar, it's a very, I mean, the plot is very simple. Julius Caesar, he has defeated all his enemies in the Roman Civil War. And his friends, Brutus, Cassius, they're worried that he'll become a dictator.", "word_count": 161, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-001", "start": 1921.9, "end": 1924.16, "text": "how something that is clear to us,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-002", "start": 1924.28, "end": 1925.5, "text": "once we think about it,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-003", "start": 1925.6, "end": 1928.76, "text": "becomes very dark and unclear.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-004", "start": 1930.22, "end": 1930.72, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-005", "start": 1930.8, "end": 1931.7, "text": "So that's the power of Shakespeare.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-006", "start": 1931.84, "end": 1933.48, "text": "It's a visual language.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-007", "start": 1935.5, "end": 1936.12, "text": "All right.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-008", "start": 1936.12, "end": 1937.56, "text": "Another example.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-009", "start": 1938.36, "end": 1939.74, "text": "Enterprise of great pivot moment,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-010", "start": 1940, "end": 1942.28, "text": "their currents turn awry and lose some action.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-011", "start": 1942.68, "end": 1943.14, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-012", "start": 1943.18, "end": 1943.98, "text": "So imagine a ship.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-013", "start": 1944.18, "end": 1947.32, "text": "It's going very, it's going in a direction.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-014", "start": 1947.66, "end": 1949.04, "text": "You're set on that path.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-015", "start": 1949.6, "end": 1951.4, "text": "But the moment you think about it,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-016", "start": 1951.46, "end": 1953.84, "text": "the moment you think deeply about what you're doing,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-017", "start": 1954.42, "end": 1956.04, "text": "the ship collapses.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-018", "start": 1956.91, "end": 1958.17, "text": "You don't know where you're going anymore.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-019", "start": 1959.51, "end": 1960.03, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-020", "start": 1960.13, "end": 1962.19, "text": "So is that clear to you guys?", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-021", "start": 1964.24, "end": 1964.9, "text": "All right.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-022", "start": 1965.42, "end": 1969.66, "text": "So another example of the power of Shakespeare is Julius Caesar.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-023", "start": 1969.86, "end": 1973.68, "text": "I'm not sure if you read Julius Caesar in school,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-024", "start": 1974.7, "end": 1976.42, "text": "but Julius Caesar, it's a very,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-025", "start": 1976.6, "end": 1978, "text": "I mean, the plot is very simple.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-026", "start": 1978.88, "end": 1983.14, "text": "Julius Caesar, he has defeated all his enemies in the Roman Civil", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-027", "start": 1983.14, "end": 1985.2, "text": "War. And his friends, Brutus,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-028", "start": 1985.26, "end": 1988.14, "text": "Cassius, they're worried that he'll become a", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-029", "start": 1988.14, "end": 1988.44, "text": "dictator.", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "bffa0b64e811f0f85357002b13c539722abe9e42d32b4137ae33f3aeb4dfe0ec", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0031", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1921s", "time_label": "32:01", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0032", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0032", "start": 1988.44, "end": 2052.212, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "They're worried that he'll become king. So they plot to kill him. And Brutus and Cassius and all the conspirators kill Julius Caesar. And then Brutus and Cassius think this is over. Okay? But Mark Anthony, who is Caesar's lieutenant, he swears vengeance. And Mark Anthony and Octavian will combine forces to destroy and kill Brutus and Cassius. And that's the plot of Julius Caesar. Not very complicated. Okay? But in Julius Caesar, you will find some of the greatest speeches in the English language. It's stunning speeches. Okay? And in the speeches, you will find an example of how Shakespeare understands language as a surgery on the brain. How through speech making, how through language, you can actually transform the neurological structure of the human brain. Okay? So let's look at an example of this. Mark Anthony and Brutus are going to engage in a speech competition. They're going to debate each other. Okay?", "word_count": 155, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-001", "start": 1988.44, "end": 1990.24, "text": "They're worried that he'll become king.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-002", "start": 1990.46, "end": 1991.9, "text": "So they plot to kill him.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-003", "start": 1992.28, "end": 1997.72, "text": "And Brutus and Cassius and all the conspirators kill Julius Caesar.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-004", "start": 1997.72, "end": 2001.38, "text": "And then Brutus and Cassius think this is over.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-005", "start": 2001.94, "end": 2005.16, "text": "Okay? But Mark Anthony, who is Caesar's lieutenant,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-006", "start": 2005.4, "end": 2006.3, "text": "he swears vengeance.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-007", "start": 2006.74, "end": 2012.16, "text": "And Mark Anthony and Octavian will combine forces to destroy and kill", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-008", "start": 2012.16, "end": 2013.38, "text": "Brutus and Cassius.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-009", "start": 2013.54, "end": 2014.94, "text": "And that's the plot of Julius Caesar.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-010", "start": 2015.06, "end": 2015.62, "text": "Not very complicated.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-011", "start": 2015.76, "end": 2018.16, "text": "Okay? But in Julius Caesar,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-012", "start": 2018.42, "end": 2023.22, "text": "you will find some of the greatest speeches in the English language.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-013", "start": 2023.98, "end": 2025.52, "text": "It's stunning speeches.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-014", "start": 2025.92, "end": 2028.14, "text": "Okay? And in the speeches,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-015", "start": 2028.26, "end": 2035.38, "text": "you will find an example of how Shakespeare understands language as a", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-016", "start": 2035.38, "end": 2037.1, "text": "surgery on the brain.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-017", "start": 2037.26, "end": 2039.78, "text": "How through speech making, how through language,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-018", "start": 2039.86, "end": 2044.34, "text": "you can actually transform the neurological structure of the human brain.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-019", "start": 2044.66, "end": 2046.54, "text": "Okay? So let's look at an example of this.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-020", "start": 2047.46, "end": 2050.52, "text": "Mark Anthony and Brutus are going to engage in a speech competition.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-021", "start": 2050.84, "end": 2051.68, "text": "They're going to debate each other.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-022", "start": 2051.92, "end": 2052.212, "text": "Okay?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "9131a7b2931b226e71da119d35d65d5684c3cffe53f97085f8f4d7237f5041b7", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0032", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=1988s", "time_label": "33:08", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0033", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "start": 2052.212, "end": 2109.49, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "Brutus will be the first to give a speech. And then he'll be followed by Mark Anthony. So the strategy of Brutus is to use a rhetorical strategy called the antithesis. Okay? The antithesis is basically very simple. You have two opposing ideas. Okay? And they are opposed to each other. So the idea is, I am Brutus. I am honorable. You know me as honorable because my name is Brutus, which is also the name of Lucius Brutus who founded the Roman Republic. You know me as honorable person. Now, who is Caesar? Caesar is ambitious. Okay? Honor and ambition cannot go together. So I love Caesar, but because he was ambitious, he wanted to enslave us. I wanted to free us. Therefore, I had to kill him. All right? So that's the idea of Brutus. He's trying to create an economy between Caesar and himself. If you know me, Brutus, as honorable, then you must believe that Caesar is ambitious. This rhetorical strategy is what we call the antithesis.", "word_count": 171, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-001", "start": 2052.212, "end": 2054.62, "text": "Brutus will be the first to give a speech.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-002", "start": 2054.64, "end": 2055.98, "text": "And then he'll be followed by Mark Anthony.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-003", "start": 2056.44, "end": 2060.86, "text": "So the strategy of Brutus is to use a rhetorical strategy called", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-004", "start": 2060.86, "end": 2061.84, "text": "the antithesis.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-005", "start": 2062.02, "end": 2063.7, "text": "Okay? The antithesis is basically very simple.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-006", "start": 2063.92, "end": 2065.26, "text": "You have two opposing ideas.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-007", "start": 2065.54, "end": 2068, "text": "Okay? And they are opposed to each other.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-008", "start": 2068.75, "end": 2071.13, "text": "So the idea is, I am Brutus.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-009", "start": 2071.13, "end": 2071.91, "text": "I am honorable.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-010", "start": 2072.09, "end": 2075.39, "text": "You know me as honorable because my name is Brutus,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-011", "start": 2075.43, "end": 2078.63, "text": "which is also the name of Lucius Brutus who founded the Roman", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-012", "start": 2078.63, "end": 2080.85, "text": "Republic. You know me as honorable person.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-013", "start": 2081.13, "end": 2082.23, "text": "Now, who is Caesar?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-014", "start": 2082.33, "end": 2083.81, "text": "Caesar is ambitious.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-015", "start": 2083.81, "end": 2087.34, "text": "Okay? Honor and ambition cannot go together.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-016", "start": 2088.51, "end": 2090.97, "text": "So I love Caesar, but because he was ambitious,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-017", "start": 2091.37, "end": 2092.75, "text": "he wanted to enslave us.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-018", "start": 2092.81, "end": 2093.73, "text": "I wanted to free us.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-019", "start": 2094.49, "end": 2095.43, "text": "Therefore, I had to kill him.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-020", "start": 2095.91, "end": 2096.43, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-021", "start": 2096.59, "end": 2098.85, "text": "So that's the idea of Brutus.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-022", "start": 2098.91, "end": 2103.35, "text": "He's trying to create an economy between Caesar and himself.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-023", "start": 2103.65, "end": 2104.65, "text": "If you know me, Brutus,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-024", "start": 2104.65, "end": 2107.09, "text": "as honorable, then you must believe that Caesar is ambitious.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-025", "start": 2107.49, "end": 2108.09, "text": "This rhetorical", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-026", "start": 2108.09, "end": 2109.49, "text": "strategy is what we call the antithesis.", "word_count": 7 } ], "text_sha256": "d9de2519455f1b2a4406de27e7928640fadfdbdc2a6b544586c4a23b0113ad90", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0033", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=2052s", "time_label": "34:12", "tags": [ "reading-quoted-material" ] }, { "id": "seg-0034", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "start": 2109.77, "end": 2167.76, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "Okay? In the human mind, you just see these two things as separate from each other. Mark Anthony then responds to Brutus using something called the chiasmus. Okay? The chiasmus, it's really interesting. The chiasmus tries to take these two opposing principles and combine them together. All right? So what Mark Anthony will say is that Caesar was ambitious and honorable as honorable and ambitious as Brutus. This is what we call chiasmus. It's an A -B -B -A structure. When you do that, when you have a chiasmus, you, you collapse the antithesis. Remember, the antithesis are two separate ideas that cannot meet together, exclusionary. The chiasmus shows you, like, these are mirrors of each other. Okay? When you do that, in the, in the Roman imagination, the human, Roman mind, you then collapse the economy between Brutus and Caesar. And you see them as one and the same. But, if it", "word_count": 153, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-001", "start": 2109.77, "end": 2111.67, "text": "Okay? In the human mind,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-002", "start": 2111.75, "end": 2113.65, "text": "you just see these two things as separate from each other.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-003", "start": 2113.87, "end": 2118.15, "text": "Mark Anthony then responds to Brutus using something called the chiasmus.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-004", "start": 2118.47, "end": 2120.45, "text": "Okay? The chiasmus, it's really interesting.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-005", "start": 2120.65, "end": 2124.79, "text": "The chiasmus tries to take these two opposing principles and combine them", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-006", "start": 2124.79, "end": 2126.47, "text": "together. All right?", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-007", "start": 2126.67, "end": 2131.69, "text": "So what Mark Anthony will say is that Caesar was ambitious and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-008", "start": 2131.69, "end": 2134.85, "text": "honorable as honorable and ambitious as Brutus.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-009", "start": 2135.05, "end": 2136.45, "text": "This is what we call chiasmus.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-010", "start": 2136.61, "end": 2140.41, "text": "It's an A -B -B -A structure.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-011", "start": 2140.85, "end": 2143.61, "text": "When you do that, when you have a chiasmus,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-012", "start": 2143.79, "end": 2145.91, "text": "you, you collapse the antithesis.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-013", "start": 2146.13, "end": 2149.49, "text": "Remember, the antithesis are two separate ideas that cannot meet together,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-014", "start": 2149.59, "end": 2151.89, "text": "exclusionary. The chiasmus shows you,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-015", "start": 2151.93, "end": 2153.85, "text": "like, these are mirrors of each other.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-016", "start": 2154.29, "end": 2157, "text": "Okay? When you do that,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-017", "start": 2157.16, "end": 2158.74, "text": "in the, in the Roman imagination,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-018", "start": 2159.1, "end": 2163.08, "text": "the human, Roman mind, you then collapse the economy between Brutus and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-019", "start": 2163.08, "end": 2165.58, "text": "Caesar. And you see them as one and the same.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-020", "start": 2165.8, "end": 2167.76, "text": "But, if it", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "961b5ab78baf347a43c67b4e4faa62f67979694c485a753081eab19331200dff", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0034", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=2109s", "time_label": "35:09", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0035", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0035", "start": 2167.76, "end": 2222.3, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "was Brutus that killed Caesar, then Brutus must be the less honorable and ambitious, and more ambitious one. Okay? Does that make sense guys? Julius Caesar. All right. So, let's see an example of this. All right. This is Brutus sit, talking to the Roman crowd after the death of Julius Caesar. Okay? He's trying to explain his actions before the Roman crowd. He says, if then that friend demand why Brutus rose against Caesar, this is my answer. Okay? You want to know why he killed Caesar? I'm going to tell you why he killed Caesar. Not that I love Caesar less, but I love Rome more. Had you rather Caesar were living and die all slaves, then that Caesar were dead to live all free men. This is an antithesis. Right? I love Caesar, but I love Rome more. Okay? This is an antithesis. This is also an antithesis. Caesar, if he were living, he would make us into slaves.", "word_count": 162, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-001", "start": 2167.76, "end": 2169.42, "text": "was Brutus that killed Caesar,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-002", "start": 2169.7, "end": 2173.18, "text": "then Brutus must be the less honorable and ambitious,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-003", "start": 2173.34, "end": 2174.26, "text": "and more ambitious one.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-004", "start": 2174.42, "end": 2176.1, "text": "Okay? Does that make sense guys?", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-005", "start": 2176.62, "end": 2177.26, "text": "Julius Caesar.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-006", "start": 2177.82, "end": 2178.34, "text": "All right.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-007", "start": 2178.4, "end": 2179.76, "text": "So, let's see an example of this.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-008", "start": 2180.66, "end": 2181.24, "text": "All right.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-009", "start": 2181.64, "end": 2185.92, "text": "This is Brutus sit, talking to the Roman crowd after the death", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-010", "start": 2185.92, "end": 2186.46, "text": "of Julius Caesar.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-011", "start": 2186.54, "end": 2189.24, "text": "Okay? He's trying to explain his actions before the Roman crowd.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-012", "start": 2189.48, "end": 2193.7, "text": "He says, if then that friend demand why Brutus rose against Caesar,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-013", "start": 2193.9, "end": 2194.86, "text": "this is my answer.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-014", "start": 2195.08, "end": 2196.82, "text": "Okay? You want to know why he killed Caesar?", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-015", "start": 2196.94, "end": 2198.04, "text": "I'm going to tell you why he killed Caesar.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-016", "start": 2199.13, "end": 2200.57, "text": "Not that I love Caesar less,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-017", "start": 2200.57, "end": 2202.23, "text": "but I love Rome more.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-018", "start": 2202.57, "end": 2205.61, "text": "Had you rather Caesar were living and die all slaves,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-019", "start": 2205.77, "end": 2208.47, "text": "then that Caesar were dead to live all free men.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-020", "start": 2208.93, "end": 2210.05, "text": "This is an antithesis.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-021", "start": 2210.19, "end": 2214.92, "text": "Right? I love Caesar, but I love Rome more.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-022", "start": 2215.36, "end": 2216.92, "text": "Okay? This is an antithesis.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-023", "start": 2217.12, "end": 2218.18, "text": "This is also an antithesis.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-024", "start": 2218.96, "end": 2220.22, "text": "Caesar, if he were living,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-025", "start": 2220.46, "end": 2221.82, "text": "he would make us", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-026", "start": 2221.82, "end": 2222.3, "text": "into slaves.", "word_count": 2 } ], "text_sha256": "821518cbaf13609c39d8541b3ced9c29d3047afd66a11f73c5e4ba58f0e35699", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0035", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=2167s", "time_label": "36:07", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0036", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "start": 2222.54, "end": 2279.99, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "If Caesar is dead, we will continue to live as free men. Okay? Two exclusionary ideas developed by Brutus. Now, what Mark Anthony says, what he's going to do is, he's going to collapse this. Okay? He's going to change your neurological structure. He's going to change the synopsis within you through his speech making. Let's look at Mark Anthony. Yet Brutus says he was ambitious and sure he is an honorable man. Okay? So he's summarizing the argument made by Brutus. I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke, but here I am to speak what I do know. You all did love him once, not without cause. What cause withholds you than to mourn for him? Okay? This is a chiasmus. Cause, cause, love, mourn. Okay? You guys see that? He continues with the chiasmus. But yesterday the word of Caesar might have stood against the world. Now lies he there and none so poor to do him reverence.", "word_count": 161, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-001", "start": 2222.54, "end": 2225.28, "text": "If Caesar is dead, we will continue to live as free men.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-002", "start": 2225.46, "end": 2229.56, "text": "Okay? Two exclusionary ideas developed by Brutus.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-003", "start": 2229.94, "end": 2230.94, "text": "Now, what Mark Anthony says,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-004", "start": 2230.96, "end": 2231.58, "text": "what he's going to do is,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-005", "start": 2231.74, "end": 2232.96, "text": "he's going to collapse this.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-006", "start": 2233.44, "end": 2236.12, "text": "Okay? He's going to change your neurological structure.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-007", "start": 2236.46, "end": 2239.6, "text": "He's going to change the synopsis within you through his speech making.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-008", "start": 2239.88, "end": 2240.8, "text": "Let's look at Mark Anthony.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-009", "start": 2241.81, "end": 2245.01, "text": "Yet Brutus says he was ambitious and sure he is an honorable", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-010", "start": 2245.01, "end": 2245.55, "text": "man. Okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-011", "start": 2245.57, "end": 2248.23, "text": "So he's summarizing the argument made by Brutus.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-012", "start": 2248.9, "end": 2251.82, "text": "I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-013", "start": 2252.08, "end": 2254.32, "text": "but here I am to speak what I do know.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-014", "start": 2255.19, "end": 2256.95, "text": "You all did love him once,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-015", "start": 2257.05, "end": 2258.01, "text": "not without cause.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-016", "start": 2258.21, "end": 2261.55, "text": "What cause withholds you than to mourn for him?", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-017", "start": 2261.79, "end": 2263.67, "text": "Okay? This is a chiasmus.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-018", "start": 2264.21, "end": 2267.05, "text": "Cause, cause, love, mourn.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-019", "start": 2267.13, "end": 2268.13, "text": "Okay? You guys see that?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-020", "start": 2268.73, "end": 2270.17, "text": "He continues with the chiasmus.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-021", "start": 2271.73, "end": 2275.85, "text": "But yesterday the word of Caesar might have stood against the world.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-022", "start": 2276.01, "end": 2279.03, "text": "Now lies he there and none so poor to", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-023", "start": 2279.03, "end": 2279.99, "text": "do him reverence.", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "6c8a61cdfc078848a799dd03939f11bd8452c29fc25b827a163e652906a1f5a0", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0036", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=2222s", "time_label": "37:02", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0037", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0037", "start": 2280.25, "end": 2342.72, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "O masters, if I were disposed to stir your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage, I should do Brutus wrong and Cassius wrong. Who, you all know, are honorable men. I will not do them wrong. I rather choose to wrong the dead, to wrong myself and you than I will wrong such honorable men. Okay? This is two examples of chiasmus where word of Caesar and reverence match. Stood and lies match. Okay? For the chiasmus he's collapsing this economy. Another example is here. Okay? The red match the green match. This is what we call chiasmus. Does that make sense guys? Okay. Have you guys learned this before? Okay. It's really important. You know these ideas. All right. So that's the power of Shakespeare. Through his language, through his rhetoric, he's transforming the British imagination so that they are more open, more fluid. They can absorb new ideas and they can be more innovative.", "word_count": 157, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-001", "start": 2280.25, "end": 2284.63, "text": "O masters, if I were disposed to stir your hearts and minds", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-002", "start": 2284.63, "end": 2288.51, "text": "to mutiny and rage, I should do Brutus wrong and Cassius wrong.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-003", "start": 2288.71, "end": 2291.01, "text": "Who, you all know, are honorable men.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-004", "start": 2291.23, "end": 2292.79, "text": "I will not do them wrong.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-005", "start": 2292.79, "end": 2295.63, "text": "I rather choose to wrong the dead,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-006", "start": 2295.75, "end": 2299.03, "text": "to wrong myself and you than I will wrong such honorable men.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-007", "start": 2299.33, "end": 2304.17, "text": "Okay? This is two examples of chiasmus where word of Caesar and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-008", "start": 2304.17, "end": 2305.15, "text": "reverence match.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-009", "start": 2305.83, "end": 2307.53, "text": "Stood and lies match.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-010", "start": 2307.85, "end": 2311.43, "text": "Okay? For the chiasmus he's collapsing this economy.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-011", "start": 2311.83, "end": 2313.65, "text": "Another example is here.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-012", "start": 2313.81, "end": 2316.61, "text": "Okay? The red match the green match.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-013", "start": 2317.14, "end": 2318.66, "text": "This is what we call chiasmus.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-014", "start": 2319.38, "end": 2320.5, "text": "Does that make sense guys?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-015", "start": 2321.81, "end": 2323.75, "text": "Okay. Have you guys learned this before?", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-016", "start": 2324.98, "end": 2327.16, "text": "Okay. It's really important.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-017", "start": 2327.32, "end": 2328.26, "text": "You know these ideas.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-018", "start": 2328.52, "end": 2328.92, "text": "All right.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-019", "start": 2329.36, "end": 2330.86, "text": "So that's the power of Shakespeare.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-020", "start": 2331.5, "end": 2334.16, "text": "Through his language, through his rhetoric,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-021", "start": 2334.2, "end": 2338.82, "text": "he's transforming the British imagination so that they are more open,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-022", "start": 2338.98, "end": 2339.78, "text": "more fluid.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-023", "start": 2339.86, "end": 2342.72, "text": "They can absorb new ideas and they can be more innovative.", "word_count": 11 } ], "text_sha256": "e2d8b8064588b654d0b38be4954eb330368c71cdee627b06485b04252ba3af3f", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0037", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=2280s", "time_label": "38:00", "tags": [ "reading-quoted-material" ] }, { "id": "seg-0038", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "start": 2343.16, "end": 2412.05, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "Okay? Now, as we discussed way back at the beginning of this course, Homer did the same thing. So let's compare Homer and Shakespeare. How was it able that they were both able to be founders of great civilizations? All right. First of all, they came at a time when there's a cultural tabula rasa. Okay? Tabula rasa just means blank slate. So, Homer came at a time after the Bronze Age collapse of Greece. The Mycenaean civilization collapsed and now you have the polar system. So it's a tabula rasa. Same thing with Shakespeare where Britain at this time, it is not an advanced culture as much as the French and the Spanish. Second is rapid cultural change where Britain is undergoing all these revolutions. When it's undergoing all these revolutions people are anxious and they're looking for new ideas. Oral culture. Okay? We talked about this where if you live in an oral culture people have a stronger memory and have a greater imagination.", "word_count": 166, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-001", "start": 2343.16, "end": 2349.84, "text": "Okay? Now, as we discussed way back at the beginning of this", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-002", "start": 2349.84, "end": 2351.36, "text": "course, Homer did the same thing.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-003", "start": 2351.52, "end": 2354.3, "text": "So let's compare Homer and Shakespeare.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-004", "start": 2354.46, "end": 2358.12, "text": "How was it able that they were both able to be founders", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-005", "start": 2358.12, "end": 2359.56, "text": "of great civilizations?", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-006", "start": 2360.1, "end": 2360.82, "text": "All right.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-007", "start": 2361.32, "end": 2366.44, "text": "First of all, they came at a time when there's a cultural", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-008", "start": 2366.44, "end": 2367.74, "text": "tabula rasa.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-009", "start": 2368.68, "end": 2371.66, "text": "Okay? Tabula rasa just means blank slate.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-010", "start": 2371.88, "end": 2375.6, "text": "So, Homer came at a time after the Bronze Age collapse of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-011", "start": 2375.6, "end": 2379.46, "text": "Greece. The Mycenaean civilization collapsed and now you have the polar system.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-012", "start": 2379.84, "end": 2380.84, "text": "So it's a tabula rasa.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-013", "start": 2381.52, "end": 2385.6, "text": "Same thing with Shakespeare where Britain at this time,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-014", "start": 2385.68, "end": 2389.02, "text": "it is not an advanced culture as much as the French and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-015", "start": 2389.02, "end": 2390.46, "text": "the Spanish.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-016", "start": 2391.12, "end": 2396.44, "text": "Second is rapid cultural change where Britain is undergoing all these revolutions.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-017", "start": 2396.7, "end": 2400.14, "text": "When it's undergoing all these revolutions people are anxious and they're looking", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-018", "start": 2400.14, "end": 2401.36, "text": "for new ideas.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-019", "start": 2403.02, "end": 2403.98, "text": "Oral culture.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-020", "start": 2404.18, "end": 2407.54, "text": "Okay? We talked about this where if you live in an oral", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-021", "start": 2407.54, "end": 2409.48, "text": "culture people have a stronger", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-022", "start": 2409.48, "end": 2412.05, "text": "memory and have a greater imagination.", "word_count": 6 } ], "text_sha256": "cd9c14df48d9cf2753830b063d58ba1cd9f29f2fb2c1b0d2c54b60c3c6f8ba17", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0038", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=2343s", "time_label": "39:03", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0039", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0039", "start": 2412.89, "end": 2473.28, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "That's why they're able to sit through three hours of Shakespeare at one go and visualize his language. And this is like the most common person in Britain. Okay? These are not the elite. These are just commoners. And so, with an oral culture you have a stronger memory, imagery, vibrancy and flexibility. Look guys, I hate to say this but back then they were smarter than we are today. We have you know Google and ChatGPT but if you think about it all these things are just making us stupid. Okay? Open cooperative competition just means that in their times Homer was just one of thousands of bards that are traveling around Greece and singing legends of the Trojan War and the Golden Fleece. Okay? what they were doing was they were stealing from each other. Shakespeare was stealing from everyone else and that allows for rapid innovation when you have an open cooperative competition.", "word_count": 156, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-001", "start": 2412.89, "end": 2415.99, "text": "That's why they're able to sit through three hours of Shakespeare at", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-002", "start": 2415.99, "end": 2421.29, "text": "one go and visualize his language.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-003", "start": 2421.53, "end": 2423.97, "text": "And this is like the most common person in Britain.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-004", "start": 2424.15, "end": 2425.21, "text": "Okay? These are not the elite.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-005", "start": 2425.35, "end": 2426.29, "text": "These are just commoners.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-006", "start": 2426.67, "end": 2430.13, "text": "And so, with an oral culture you have a stronger memory,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-007", "start": 2430.29, "end": 2431.85, "text": "imagery, vibrancy and flexibility.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-008", "start": 2431.85, "end": 2436.49, "text": "Look guys, I hate to say this but back then they were", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-009", "start": 2436.49, "end": 2438.21, "text": "smarter than we are today.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-010", "start": 2438.61, "end": 2442.07, "text": "We have you know Google and ChatGPT but if you think about", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-011", "start": 2442.07, "end": 2443.95, "text": "it all these things are just making us stupid.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-012", "start": 2444.25, "end": 2451.37, "text": "Okay? Open cooperative competition just means that in their times Homer was", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-013", "start": 2451.37, "end": 2456.55, "text": "just one of thousands of bards that are traveling around Greece and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-014", "start": 2456.55, "end": 2461.29, "text": "singing legends of the Trojan War and the Golden Fleece.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-015", "start": 2461.75, "end": 2465.09, "text": "Okay? what they were doing was they were stealing from each other.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-016", "start": 2465.71, "end": 2470.82, "text": "Shakespeare was stealing from everyone else and that allows for rapid innovation", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-017", "start": 2470.82, "end": 2472.22, "text": "when you have an open", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-018", "start": 2472.22, "end": 2473.28, "text": "cooperative competition.", "word_count": 2 } ], "text_sha256": "ae27a08d4563d4152b83bf8f63622f652c6fb80c5f4f6e5a5cd25e623048ec5f", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0039", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=2412s", "time_label": "40:12", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0040", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0040", "start": 2474.49, "end": 2525.57, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "Democratic sensibilities. This is really important. Okay? Homer was talking to ordinary people. Shakespeare was talking to ordinary people. The problem with today's culture is there's a lot of market differentiation where if you feel that you are high class you're a university professor you don't want to talk to common people you want to talk to other university professors and that leads to stagnation and segmentation. Okay? Free market. Really important idea where how do you know if you look good or not? Okay? Well in a university you know if you're good or not if a professor tells you you're good or not but how do you know the professor knows what he's talking about? The free market provides an objective feedback loop which forces you to constantly innovate and improve. Right? How do you know you're good? Because people come and listen to you. They pay attention to your place. They want to pay for your place.", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-001", "start": 2474.49, "end": 2475.53, "text": "Democratic sensibilities.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-002", "start": 2475.69, "end": 2476.55, "text": "This is really important.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-003", "start": 2477.43, "end": 2479.63, "text": "Okay? Homer was talking to ordinary people.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-004", "start": 2479.97, "end": 2481.69, "text": "Shakespeare was talking to ordinary people.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-005", "start": 2481.91, "end": 2487.65, "text": "The problem with today's culture is there's a lot of market differentiation", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-006", "start": 2487.65, "end": 2491.55, "text": "where if you feel that you are high class you're a university", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-007", "start": 2491.55, "end": 2494.33, "text": "professor you don't want to talk to common people you want to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-008", "start": 2494.33, "end": 2498.45, "text": "talk to other university professors and that leads to stagnation and segmentation.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-009", "start": 2498.61, "end": 2500.33, "text": "Okay? Free market.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-010", "start": 2500.45, "end": 2504.23, "text": "Really important idea where how do you know if you look good", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-011", "start": 2504.23, "end": 2504.47, "text": "or not?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-012", "start": 2504.65, "end": 2507.45, "text": "Okay? Well in a university you know if you're good or not", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-013", "start": 2507.45, "end": 2510.57, "text": "if a professor tells you you're good or not but how do", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-014", "start": 2510.57, "end": 2511.79, "text": "you know the professor knows what he's talking about?", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-015", "start": 2511.93, "end": 2516.03, "text": "The free market provides an objective feedback loop which forces you to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-016", "start": 2516.03, "end": 2517.25, "text": "constantly innovate and improve.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-017", "start": 2517.59, "end": 2519.71, "text": "Right? How do you know you're good?", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-018", "start": 2519.79, "end": 2521.55, "text": "Because people come and listen to you.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-019", "start": 2521.59, "end": 2524.17, "text": "They pay attention to your place.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-020", "start": 2524.43, "end": 2525.15, "text": "They want to pay for", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-021", "start": 2525.15, "end": 2525.57, "text": "your place.", "word_count": 2 } ], "text_sha256": "08e13704c01eb9cdf2497b5dde2c3793c180aaf46063e238de73de6c6b3f53e9", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0040", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=2474s", "time_label": "41:14", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0041", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "start": 2526.07, "end": 2585.02, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "Right? And it turned out that because of the free market and open corporate competition Shakespeare proved to be the best. Okay? And the last idea is poet as prophet. Okay? This is a really important idea where okay yes Shakespeare became very wealthy because of the place he was producing. He was of a common background. He was not very wealthy. He didn't go to university. That's why today there are scholars who believe Shakespeare did not write Shakespeare because he didn't go to Oxford or Cambridge. Christopher Marlowe went to Oxford or Cambridge but not Shakespeare. Okay? So you have a lot of scholars who actually believe because he's not well educated he could not have written the plays he wrote. But what drove Shakespeare and what drove Homer is the idea that you have a divine mission to spread the truth. Okay? So Shakespeare and Homer they were rich they were popular they were famous but they were not driven by money.", "word_count": 165, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-001", "start": 2526.07, "end": 2529.75, "text": "Right? And it turned out that because of the free market and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-002", "start": 2529.75, "end": 2532.91, "text": "open corporate competition Shakespeare proved to be the best.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-003", "start": 2533.25, "end": 2537.39, "text": "Okay? And the last idea is poet as prophet.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-004", "start": 2537.77, "end": 2542.49, "text": "Okay? This is a really important idea where okay yes Shakespeare became", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-005", "start": 2542.49, "end": 2546.89, "text": "very wealthy because of the place he was producing.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-006", "start": 2547.11, "end": 2548.95, "text": "He was of a common background.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-007", "start": 2549.27, "end": 2550.29, "text": "He was not very wealthy.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-008", "start": 2550.43, "end": 2551.33, "text": "He didn't go to university.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-009", "start": 2552.01, "end": 2557.03, "text": "That's why today there are scholars who believe Shakespeare did not write", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-010", "start": 2557.03, "end": 2559.57, "text": "Shakespeare because he didn't go to Oxford or Cambridge.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-011", "start": 2559.97, "end": 2562.91, "text": "Christopher Marlowe went to Oxford or Cambridge but not Shakespeare.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-012", "start": 2563.35, "end": 2565.91, "text": "Okay? So you have a lot of scholars who actually believe because", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-013", "start": 2565.91, "end": 2570.25, "text": "he's not well educated he could not have written the plays he", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-014", "start": 2570.25, "end": 2575.26, "text": "wrote. But what drove Shakespeare and what drove Homer is the idea", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-015", "start": 2575.56, "end": 2578.36, "text": "that you have a divine mission to spread the truth.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-016", "start": 2578.8, "end": 2582.84, "text": "Okay? So Shakespeare and Homer they were rich they were popular they", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-017", "start": 2582.84, "end": 2583.18, "text": "were famous", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-018", "start": 2583.18, "end": 2585.02, "text": "but they were not driven by money.", "word_count": 7 } ], "text_sha256": "17a953f16774651fcdb5f31552f262ff821236e0e953a0f435c90f104470fe0a", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0041", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=2526s", "time_label": "42:06", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0042", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "start": 2585.26, "end": 2649.42, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "They were driven by a divine messianic mission to transform the world. Does that make sense guys? This is really important to understand. Great artists are driven by um a messianic mission to change the world for the better. They're not driven by money or power or fame. Alright. So having done that let's recap and summarize the three great poets that have impacted Western Civilization. Okay? And compare and contrast the three. Alright. You have Homer who founded the Greek Civilization. You have Dante who we discussed in great detail this semester. He's the founder of modernity. And you have Shakespeare who was the founder of the British Empire. Alright? So um again Homer, Dante, and Shakespeare were all Democrats in their heart. Homer was a Roman bard who went around the different polices to sing and entertain the masses. Dante was revolutionary because he wrote divine comedy not in Latin which", "word_count": 153, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-001", "start": 2585.26, "end": 2590.2, "text": "They were driven by a divine messianic mission to transform the world.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-002", "start": 2592.77, "end": 2593.75, "text": "Does that make sense guys?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-003", "start": 2593.95, "end": 2594.95, "text": "This is really important to understand.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-004", "start": 2596.03, "end": 2602.32, "text": "Great artists are driven by um a messianic mission to change the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-005", "start": 2602.32, "end": 2602.94, "text": "world for the better.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-006", "start": 2603.06, "end": 2606.22, "text": "They're not driven by money or power or fame.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-007", "start": 2606.56, "end": 2612.77, "text": "Alright. So having done that let's recap and summarize the three great", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-008", "start": 2612.77, "end": 2615.17, "text": "poets that have impacted Western Civilization.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-009", "start": 2615.33, "end": 2617.33, "text": "Okay? And compare and contrast the three.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-010", "start": 2617.67, "end": 2621.03, "text": "Alright. You have Homer who founded the Greek Civilization.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-011", "start": 2621.27, "end": 2624.19, "text": "You have Dante who we discussed in great detail this semester.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-012", "start": 2624.47, "end": 2625.47, "text": "He's the founder of modernity.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-013", "start": 2625.57, "end": 2628.63, "text": "And you have Shakespeare who was the founder of the British Empire.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-014", "start": 2628.93, "end": 2633.16, "text": "Alright? So um again Homer,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-015", "start": 2633.24, "end": 2636.82, "text": "Dante, and Shakespeare were all Democrats in their heart.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-016", "start": 2636.82, "end": 2641.08, "text": "Homer was a Roman bard who went around the different polices to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-017", "start": 2641.84, "end": 2643.96, "text": "sing and entertain the masses.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-018", "start": 2644.58, "end": 2649.42, "text": "Dante was revolutionary because he wrote divine comedy not in Latin which", "word_count": 12 } ], "text_sha256": "d27604852568b86f554a252fb11129cf848a682f139f6666df33721e3953f79b", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0042", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=2585s", "time_label": "43:05", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0043", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "start": 2649.42, "end": 2715.41, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "was the language of the educated elite but in the vernacular in Tuscan so that ordinary people could access it. And by doing so he transformed Tuscan into the official Italian language that is spoken today. Um Shakespeare again was a playwright. He wrote to entertain and entertain such I mean it's very offensive someone's language. Alright. Um there are different conceptions of language though. Alright? All right, and this is very key for us to remember. For Homer, language is a window into the human soul. So go back to the Iliad and the Odyssey. It was really about what drove us humans. Achilles was driven by the thirst for fame. Odysseus was driven by his love of Penelope and his son, Tammacus, okay? So both the Iliad and the Odyssey were tremendous psychological studies of what it means to be human. And you have Dante, okay? Dante uses language as a portal into the mind of God. What is the universe?", "word_count": 163, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-001", "start": 2649.42, "end": 2652.22, "text": "was the language of the educated elite but in the vernacular in", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-002", "start": 2652.22, "end": 2654.5, "text": "Tuscan so that ordinary people could access it.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-003", "start": 2654.66, "end": 2658.98, "text": "And by doing so he transformed Tuscan into the official Italian language", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-004", "start": 2658.98, "end": 2660.04, "text": "that is spoken today.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-005", "start": 2660.78, "end": 2663.82, "text": "Um Shakespeare again was a playwright.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-006", "start": 2663.94, "end": 2670.84, "text": "He wrote to entertain and entertain such I mean it's very offensive", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-007", "start": 2670.84, "end": 2671.98, "text": "someone's language.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-008", "start": 2672.42, "end": 2678.01, "text": "Alright. Um there are different conceptions of language though.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-009", "start": 2678.25, "end": 2680.85, "text": "Alright? All right, and this is very key for us to remember.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-010", "start": 2681.17, "end": 2685.01, "text": "For Homer, language is a window into the human soul.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-011", "start": 2685.45, "end": 2687.63, "text": "So go back to the Iliad and the Odyssey.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-012", "start": 2687.91, "end": 2691.19, "text": "It was really about what drove us humans.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-013", "start": 2692.01, "end": 2695.45, "text": "Achilles was driven by the thirst for fame.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-014", "start": 2696.49, "end": 2700.25, "text": "Odysseus was driven by his love of Penelope and his son,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-015", "start": 2700.31, "end": 2701.21, "text": "Tammacus, okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-016", "start": 2701.45, "end": 2707.01, "text": "So both the Iliad and the Odyssey were tremendous psychological studies of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-017", "start": 2707.01, "end": 2707.89, "text": "what it means to be human.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-018", "start": 2707.89, "end": 2709.81, "text": "And you have Dante, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-019", "start": 2710.17, "end": 2713.93, "text": "Dante uses language as a portal into the mind of God.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-020", "start": 2714.15, "end": 2714.59, "text": "What", "word_count": 1 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-021", "start": 2714.59, "end": 2715.41, "text": "is the universe?", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "6cfcbd3af11c9305240547335f1677bc02498270e647dc2c7ebe1d9fabbd364d", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0043", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=2649s", "time_label": "44:09", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0044", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "start": 2715.71, "end": 2774.79, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "How did God create the universe? What does God want from us? Okay, that's a Levine comedy. Shakespeare is very different, okay? Shakespeare creates a new idea of language as a reality onto itself, all right? A reality onto itself. So what I mean by that is with Shakespeare, it's not a really deep meaning. It's very hard to find deep truths in Shakespeare, but the language is beautiful. And this is the culture we live in today where, you know what, people who write novels, they use beautiful language, beautiful description, great imagery, but there's really not great truths, deep truths, grand truths in the novels that are written and produced today, okay? So let me give you an example of what it means to have language as a reality onto itself, all right? So let me show you what this means. And to do so, I'm gonna use a different poet. His name is John Keats, okay, John Keats.", "word_count": 161, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-001", "start": 2715.71, "end": 2717.05, "text": "How did God create the universe?", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-002", "start": 2717.27, "end": 2718.73, "text": "What does God want from us?", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-003", "start": 2718.87, "end": 2719.73, "text": "Okay, that's a Levine comedy.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-004", "start": 2720.29, "end": 2721.79, "text": "Shakespeare is very different, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-005", "start": 2722.13, "end": 2726.09, "text": "Shakespeare creates a new idea of language as a reality onto itself,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-006", "start": 2726.37, "end": 2728.1, "text": "all right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-007", "start": 2728.2, "end": 2729.58, "text": "A reality onto itself.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-008", "start": 2730.04, "end": 2733.48, "text": "So what I mean by that is with Shakespeare,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-009", "start": 2734.2, "end": 2735.94, "text": "it's not a really deep meaning.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-010", "start": 2736.04, "end": 2739.18, "text": "It's very hard to find deep truths in Shakespeare,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-011", "start": 2739.32, "end": 2740.32, "text": "but the language is beautiful.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-012", "start": 2740.74, "end": 2742.88, "text": "And this is the culture we live in today where,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-013", "start": 2743.06, "end": 2744.9, "text": "you know what, people who write novels,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-014", "start": 2745.4, "end": 2748.42, "text": "they use beautiful language, beautiful description,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-015", "start": 2748.88, "end": 2752.34, "text": "great imagery, but there's really not great truths,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-016", "start": 2752.9, "end": 2757.22, "text": "deep truths, grand truths in the novels that are written and produced", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-017", "start": 2757.22, "end": 2758.1, "text": "today, okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-018", "start": 2758.48, "end": 2761.5, "text": "So let me give you an example of what it means to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-019", "start": 2761.5, "end": 2763.62, "text": "have language as a reality onto itself,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-020", "start": 2763.88, "end": 2764.76, "text": "all right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-021", "start": 2765.04, "end": 2768.04, "text": "So let me show you what this means.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-022", "start": 2768.04, "end": 2771.76, "text": "And to do so, I'm gonna use a different poet.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-023", "start": 2771.98, "end": 2772.64, "text": "His name is John", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-024", "start": 2772.64, "end": 2774.79, "text": "Keats, okay, John Keats.", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "63e8f7901dfeb35f98d167d2b5b3d4a4002e41bdd9ba52280c0df8ff2114e832", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0044", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=2715s", "time_label": "45:15", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0045", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "start": 2775.6, "end": 2840.04, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "And this is from his most famous poem, To Autumn, which is considered the greatest English poem of all time. All right, so let's read it together, and then I'll show you how this is a reality onto itself. Where are the songs of spring? Ay, where are they? Think not of them. Thou has thy music. Thou has thy music. While barred clouds bloom the soft dying day and touch the stubble plains with rosy hue, then in a woeful choir, the small gnats mourn among the river shallows, borne aloft or sinking as night wind lives or dies. And foreground lambs loud bleat from hilly bourn, hedge crickets sing, and now with treble soft, the red breast whistles my garden crop and gathering swallows twitter in the skies. Okay. So it's beautiful. What does it mean? All right, I'm going to show you what it means, okay? This is language as reality onto itself.", "word_count": 156, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-001", "start": 2775.6, "end": 2777.74, "text": "And this is from his most famous poem,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-002", "start": 2777.82, "end": 2783.14, "text": "To Autumn, which is considered the greatest English poem of all time.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-003", "start": 2783.28, "end": 2785.3, "text": "All right, so let's read it together,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-004", "start": 2785.44, "end": 2789.16, "text": "and then I'll show you how this is a reality onto itself.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-005", "start": 2790.9, "end": 2793.42, "text": "Where are the songs of spring?", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-006", "start": 2793.74, "end": 2795.5, "text": "Ay, where are they?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-007", "start": 2795.88, "end": 2797.46, "text": "Think not of them.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-008", "start": 2797.62, "end": 2799.06, "text": "Thou has thy music.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-009", "start": 2799.26, "end": 2799.6, "text": "Thou has thy music.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-010", "start": 2799.6, "end": 2804.68, "text": "While barred clouds bloom the soft dying day and touch the stubble", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-011", "start": 2804.68, "end": 2808.22, "text": "plains with rosy hue, then in a woeful choir,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-012", "start": 2808.5, "end": 2811.72, "text": "the small gnats mourn among the river shallows,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-013", "start": 2811.72, "end": 2815.1, "text": "borne aloft or sinking as night wind lives or dies.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-014", "start": 2815.46, "end": 2819.08, "text": "And foreground lambs loud bleat from hilly bourn,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-015", "start": 2819.1, "end": 2821.68, "text": "hedge crickets sing, and now with treble soft,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-016", "start": 2822, "end": 2827.1, "text": "the red breast whistles my garden crop and gathering swallows twitter in", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-017", "start": 2827.1, "end": 2827.8, "text": "the skies.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-018", "start": 2828.12, "end": 2830, "text": "Okay. So it's beautiful.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-019", "start": 2830.18, "end": 2830.86, "text": "What does it mean?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-020", "start": 2831.22, "end": 2834.42, "text": "All right, I'm going to show you what it means,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-021", "start": 2834.5, "end": 2840.04, "text": "okay? This is language as reality onto itself.", "word_count": 8 } ], "text_sha256": "27bee566370bccec487200dd1df34c49ceff99882fe0171a4bdd31299c00cfca", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0045", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=2775s", "time_label": "46:15", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0046", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0046", "start": 2840.26, "end": 2912.87, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "It is language visualizing a new world, all right? So you see how the words match, right? While barred clouds bloom the soft dying day and touch the stubble plains with rosy hue. It's a painting, guys, all right? This one sentence, it's a painting of a new world. That you can see in your heart. Also, then in a woeful choir, the small gnats mourn among the river shallows, borne aloft or sinking as the light wind lives or dies. Okay? You can see the music within this picture, right? This is a, not just a picture, but it's a world that you can access. Because it's moving, it's alive. It's a power. It's a power of language. Next sentence. And full grown lambs, loud beat from hilly born, head -trickets sing, and now with treble soft, the red -breast whistles from a garden crop. Okay? So you see what's happening where there's poetry, it is entering your soul.", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-001", "start": 2840.26, "end": 2843.76, "text": "It is language visualizing a new world,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-002", "start": 2843.92, "end": 2844.44, "text": "all right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-003", "start": 2844.58, "end": 2846.56, "text": "So you see how the words match,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-004", "start": 2846.7, "end": 2851.82, "text": "right? While barred clouds bloom the soft dying day and touch the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-005", "start": 2851.82, "end": 2853.22, "text": "stubble plains with rosy hue.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-006", "start": 2853.36, "end": 2855.94, "text": "It's a painting, guys, all right?", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-007", "start": 2856.38, "end": 2860.17, "text": "This one sentence, it's a painting of a new world.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-008", "start": 2860.17, "end": 2863.95, "text": "That you can see in your heart.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-009", "start": 2866.7, "end": 2869.35, "text": "Also, then in a woeful choir,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-010", "start": 2869.51, "end": 2873.57, "text": "the small gnats mourn among the river shallows,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-011", "start": 2873.59, "end": 2878.49, "text": "borne aloft or sinking as the light wind lives or dies.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-012", "start": 2879.27, "end": 2883.21, "text": "Okay? You can see the music within this picture,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-013", "start": 2883.37, "end": 2887.6, "text": "right? This is a, not just a picture,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-014", "start": 2887.72, "end": 2889.58, "text": "but it's a world that you can access.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-015", "start": 2889.8, "end": 2891.28, "text": "Because it's moving, it's alive.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-016", "start": 2891.94, "end": 2892.94, "text": "It's a power.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-017", "start": 2892.94, "end": 2893.42, "text": "It's a power of language.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-018", "start": 2894.4, "end": 2895.36, "text": "Next sentence.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-019", "start": 2896.31, "end": 2899.99, "text": "And full grown lambs, loud beat from hilly born,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-020", "start": 2900.31, "end": 2903.75, "text": "head -trickets sing, and now with treble soft,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-021", "start": 2904.15, "end": 2906.61, "text": "the red -breast whistles from a garden crop.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-022", "start": 2907.23, "end": 2911.01, "text": "Okay? So you see what's happening where there's poetry,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-023", "start": 2911.33, "end": 2912.87, "text": "it is entering your soul.", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "35db3be9b3d6d46b067a92fd51d48c1dfe9197d67ec8a24d147d9bf2dfc807e0", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0046", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=2840s", "time_label": "47:20", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0047", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "start": 2913.09, "end": 2995.86, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "It is activating all your emotions, all your senses. There's the visual, okay? There's a sound, there's a smell, there's a touch. And gathering swallows twitter in the sky. Okay? That's what poetry is. Poetry is the expression of a new world that you can access. All right? And when you access it, when you enter it, it transforms your soul and your imagination, your capacity to think, feel, and imagine. Okay? Does that make sense to you guys? All right? All right. So let's summarize what we learned, okay? Shakespeare turns English into the world's linguistic internet, a platform which all cultures, ideas, and world views can meet and cross -breed. Okay? So Shakespeare's transforming English into this extremely flexible, beautiful, memorable language, which allows everyone to learn English well. If you want to learn English well, just read Shakespeare. Okay? That's all you have to do, and then you can master English. So it's a linguistic internet. For", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-001", "start": 2913.09, "end": 2915.45, "text": "It is activating all your emotions,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-002", "start": 2915.49, "end": 2916.21, "text": "all your senses.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-003", "start": 2916.57, "end": 2918.47, "text": "There's the visual, okay?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-004", "start": 2918.57, "end": 2920.97, "text": "There's a sound, there's a smell,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-005", "start": 2921.23, "end": 2921.91, "text": "there's a touch.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-006", "start": 2921.91, "end": 2930.66, "text": "And gathering swallows twitter in the sky.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-007", "start": 2931.98, "end": 2934.66, "text": "Okay? That's what poetry is.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-008", "start": 2935.08, "end": 2939.68, "text": "Poetry is the expression of a new world that you can access.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-009", "start": 2941.01, "end": 2941.41, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-010", "start": 2941.47, "end": 2942.35, "text": "And when you access it,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-011", "start": 2942.45, "end": 2946.77, "text": "when you enter it, it transforms your soul and your imagination,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-012", "start": 2947.05, "end": 2949.91, "text": "your capacity to think, feel,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-013", "start": 2950.01, "end": 2950.37, "text": "and imagine.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-014", "start": 2950.75, "end": 2952.43, "text": "Okay? Does that make sense to you guys?", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-015", "start": 2958.01, "end": 2958.39, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-016", "start": 2961.21, "end": 2961.65, "text": "All right.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-017", "start": 2962.24, "end": 2964.2, "text": "So let's summarize what we learned,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-018", "start": 2964.28, "end": 2969.18, "text": "okay? Shakespeare turns English into the world's linguistic internet,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-019", "start": 2969.56, "end": 2972.36, "text": "a platform which all cultures,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-020", "start": 2972.54, "end": 2976.02, "text": "ideas, and world views can meet and cross -breed.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-021", "start": 2976.75, "end": 2980.19, "text": "Okay? So Shakespeare's transforming English into this extremely flexible,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-022", "start": 2980.55, "end": 2986.97, "text": "beautiful, memorable language, which allows everyone to learn English well.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-023", "start": 2987.13, "end": 2988.01, "text": "If you want to learn English well,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-024", "start": 2988.07, "end": 2988.69, "text": "just read Shakespeare.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-025", "start": 2989.85, "end": 2991.53, "text": "Okay? That's all you have to do,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-026", "start": 2991.59, "end": 2992.69, "text": "and then you can master English.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-027", "start": 2993.84, "end": 2995.12, "text": "So it's a linguistic internet.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-028", "start": 2995.12, "end": 2995.86, "text": "For", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "593ffa1431d607280dc7af83a249faff37052126403f717661af1fd1141f0bf5", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0047", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=2913s", "time_label": "48:33", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0048", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "start": 2997.01, "end": 3068.33, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "the first time, all cultures are able to meet together within the English language and communicate with each other. Okay? There's a problem with this. There's a problem with this. The problem is this. But this exchange is mediated through Anglo -American civilization, which is, at its heart, utilitarian, skeptical, and empirical. All right? So when you embrace English, when you experience English, you're also experiencing the world's most beautiful, British culture, history, and philosophy. Okay? And as we discussed, the three main philosophies of British culture are utilitarian, skeptical, and empirical. Utilitarian, we discussed last class. It just means that we should do things that works, as opposed to what is right. Skeptical is to be skeptical of our capacity to reason and to think. If you think you know something, you probably don't know it. Okay? And then empirical just means the only thing you can know is things you experience. All right? So in other words, Anglo", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-001", "start": 2997.01, "end": 3003.53, "text": "the first time, all cultures are able to meet together within the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-002", "start": 3003.53, "end": 3005.39, "text": "English language and communicate with each other.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-003", "start": 3005.77, "end": 3007.37, "text": "Okay? There's a problem with this.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-004", "start": 3007.37, "end": 3008.11, "text": "There's a problem with this.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-005", "start": 3008.19, "end": 3009.01, "text": "The problem is this.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-006", "start": 3009.87, "end": 3014.37, "text": "But this exchange is mediated through Anglo -American civilization,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-007", "start": 3014.85, "end": 3016.35, "text": "which is, at its heart,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-008", "start": 3016.51, "end": 3018.87, "text": "utilitarian, skeptical, and empirical.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-009", "start": 3020.23, "end": 3021.05, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-010", "start": 3021.21, "end": 3023.27, "text": "So when you embrace English,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-011", "start": 3023.47, "end": 3027.62, "text": "when you experience English, you're also experiencing the world's most beautiful,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-012", "start": 3027.62, "end": 3030.22, "text": "British culture, history, and philosophy.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-013", "start": 3030.52, "end": 3031.74, "text": "Okay? And as we discussed,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-014", "start": 3032.04, "end": 3036.08, "text": "the three main philosophies of British culture are utilitarian,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-015", "start": 3036.34, "end": 3037.68, "text": "skeptical, and empirical.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-016", "start": 3038.34, "end": 3040.36, "text": "Utilitarian, we discussed last class.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-017", "start": 3040.54, "end": 3046.01, "text": "It just means that we should do things that works,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-018", "start": 3046.07, "end": 3047.27, "text": "as opposed to what is right.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-019", "start": 3047.93, "end": 3054.91, "text": "Skeptical is to be skeptical of our capacity to reason and to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-020", "start": 3054.91, "end": 3056.31, "text": "think. If you think you know something,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-021", "start": 3056.59, "end": 3057.67, "text": "you probably don't know it.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-022", "start": 3057.67, "end": 3062.45, "text": "Okay? And then empirical just means the only thing you can know", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-023", "start": 3062.45, "end": 3063.41, "text": "is things you experience.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-024", "start": 3064.21, "end": 3064.99, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-025", "start": 3066.05, "end": 3068.33, "text": "So in other words, Anglo", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "a603c6d00dcd5e7c093fb0e5a9783c02e428f76e1cb43cb1b311847b4c447307", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0048", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=2997s", "time_label": "49:57", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0049", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "start": 3068.33, "end": 3139.85, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "-American culture, even though it dominates the world, it's pretty lackluster. It's very narrow -minded. It's very practical. It's pretty mediocre. Okay? And if you want to know what I mean by that, think about, think to yourself, what was the last great American novel you read? I mean, there are lots of great Russian -German novels, right? So Russians, you have Anna Karenina, War and Peace, Crime and Punishment. The Germans have great philosophy, Kant, Nietzsche, Hegel. We'll go into that later on, okay? But I struggle to think about what great art the Americans have produced, even though they are the most wealthy, most powerful country that has ever existed in human history. Okay? And I mean, Shakespeare is great. I mean, like, I love Shakespeare. King Lear is one of the greatest plays ever written, but Shakespeare compared with Dante, I mean, I don't know, okay? Dante is like, you are in the mind of God. You can feel this is divine, okay?", "word_count": 166, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-001", "start": 3068.33, "end": 3070.49, "text": "-American culture, even though it dominates the world,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-002", "start": 3070.91, "end": 3073.47, "text": "it's pretty lackluster.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-003", "start": 3073.63, "end": 3074.83, "text": "It's very narrow -minded.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-004", "start": 3075.07, "end": 3076.87, "text": "It's very practical.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-005", "start": 3077.55, "end": 3078.81, "text": "It's pretty mediocre.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-006", "start": 3079.84, "end": 3082.82, "text": "Okay? And if you want to know what I mean by that,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-007", "start": 3083.04, "end": 3085.22, "text": "think about, think to yourself,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-008", "start": 3086.49, "end": 3088.95, "text": "what was the last great American novel you read?", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-009", "start": 3090.26, "end": 3094.74, "text": "I mean, there are lots of great Russian -German novels,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-010", "start": 3094.96, "end": 3097.38, "text": "right? So Russians, you have Anna Karenina,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-011", "start": 3097.56, "end": 3100.34, "text": "War and Peace, Crime and Punishment.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-012", "start": 3100.36, "end": 3102.42, "text": "The Germans have great philosophy,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-013", "start": 3102.7, "end": 3104.18, "text": "Kant, Nietzsche, Hegel.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-014", "start": 3104.24, "end": 3106.26, "text": "We'll go into that later on,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-015", "start": 3106.34, "end": 3113.04, "text": "okay? But I struggle to think about what great art the Americans", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-016", "start": 3113.04, "end": 3116.3, "text": "have produced, even though they are the most wealthy,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-017", "start": 3116.52, "end": 3119.9, "text": "most powerful country that has ever existed in human history.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-018", "start": 3120.55, "end": 3123.39, "text": "Okay? And I mean, Shakespeare is great.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-019", "start": 3123.57, "end": 3125.45, "text": "I mean, like, I love Shakespeare.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-020", "start": 3125.73, "end": 3128.07, "text": "King Lear is one of the greatest plays ever written,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-021", "start": 3128.21, "end": 3130.77, "text": "but Shakespeare compared with Dante,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-022", "start": 3131.41, "end": 3132.41, "text": "I mean, I don't know,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-023", "start": 3132.47, "end": 3135.89, "text": "okay? Dante is like, you are in the mind of God.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-024", "start": 3136.43, "end": 3136.95, "text": "You", "word_count": 1 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-025", "start": 3136.95, "end": 3139.05, "text": "can feel this is divine,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-026", "start": 3139.43, "end": 3139.85, "text": "okay?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "6051319c22f5fce9d64697512dc57155ae8a387a6ea02c23b9c0d20316bf350f", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0049", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=3068s", "time_label": "51:08", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0050", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "start": 3139.85, "end": 3200.95, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "But with Shakespeare, you're like, this is beautiful, but is it a pretty nothingness? Okay? That's a question I have. And again, to be fair, it's been a long time since I actually read Shakespeare. I've read most of his plays, but it's been a long time since I've read Shakespeare. So what I want to do later on, maybe a few years from now, is actually teach Shakespeare and see if I'm wrong, okay? But right now, I have to say, Shakespeare is not as impressive as Homer and Dante. And I think Homer and Dante are the two greatest poets who ever lived. All right. So let me give an example of what I mean by how British culture is kind of narrow -minded. All right. So this is considered the greatest epic in the English tradition, called Paradise Lost by John Milton. And it's really about Adam and Eve, right?", "word_count": 153, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-001", "start": 3139.85, "end": 3141.95, "text": "But with Shakespeare, you're like,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-002", "start": 3142.09, "end": 3147.78, "text": "this is beautiful, but is it a pretty nothingness?", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-003", "start": 3149.3, "end": 3151.98, "text": "Okay? That's a question I have.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-004", "start": 3151.98, "end": 3154.04, "text": "And again, to be fair,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-005", "start": 3154.92, "end": 3157.62, "text": "it's been a long time since I actually read Shakespeare.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-006", "start": 3157.86, "end": 3158.8, "text": "I've read most of his plays,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-007", "start": 3159.72, "end": 3161.56, "text": "but it's been a long time since I've read Shakespeare.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-008", "start": 3161.96, "end": 3164.42, "text": "So what I want to do later on,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-009", "start": 3165.82, "end": 3167.16, "text": "maybe a few years from now,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-010", "start": 3167.26, "end": 3170.1, "text": "is actually teach Shakespeare and see if I'm wrong,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-011", "start": 3170.26, "end": 3173.62, "text": "okay? But right now, I have to say,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-012", "start": 3173.74, "end": 3176.2, "text": "Shakespeare is not as impressive as Homer and Dante.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-013", "start": 3176.86, "end": 3179.12, "text": "And I think Homer and Dante are the two greatest poets who", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-014", "start": 3179.12, "end": 3179.44, "text": "ever lived.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-015", "start": 3180.19, "end": 3180.69, "text": "All right.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-016", "start": 3180.69, "end": 3185.39, "text": "So let me give an example of what I mean by how", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-017", "start": 3185.39, "end": 3187.15, "text": "British culture is kind of narrow -minded.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-018", "start": 3187.33, "end": 3187.67, "text": "All right.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-019", "start": 3187.69, "end": 3193.07, "text": "So this is considered the greatest epic in the English tradition,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-020", "start": 3193.27, "end": 3195.75, "text": "called Paradise Lost by John Milton.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-021", "start": 3196.41, "end": 3200.42, "text": "And it's really about Adam and Eve,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-022", "start": 3200.6, "end": 3200.95, "text": "right?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "9f5b44cbaa40bcde7725ba84ea7c83e197ab4785402362643cf521dc2b8f3988", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0050", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=3139s", "time_label": "52:19", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0051", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "start": 3200.95, "end": 3274.82, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "Why did Adam and Eve eat that forbidden fruit, and why were we banished from the Garden of Eden? And look, it's 12 books. It's 12 books. Which is a model of the great epics of integrity, Homer and Virgil. And there are some parts of Paradise Lost which are beautiful, okay? I mean, I love Paradise Lost. I've taught Paradise Lost before. But the reality is this. As an epic, as a grand vision of the world, it doesn't really work, okay? I mean, like, I don't really think the plot, the vision of Paradise Lost, it is as fully formed and as grand as Homer and as Virgil and as Dante, okay? And so Paradise Lost, you might have a chance to read it in college one day. But it's a very limited and narrow -minded epic. All right. So let's conclude. All right. So we did Britain today, okay? And I hope you understand. There's a lot of British culture.", "word_count": 163, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-001", "start": 3200.95, "end": 3203.42, "text": "Why did Adam and Eve eat that forbidden fruit,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-002", "start": 3203.56, "end": 3207.4, "text": "and why were we banished from the Garden of Eden?", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-003", "start": 3207.56, "end": 3210.72, "text": "And look, it's 12 books.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-004", "start": 3210.74, "end": 3210.86, "text": "It's 12 books.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-005", "start": 3210.88, "end": 3214.3, "text": "Which is a model of the great epics of integrity,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-006", "start": 3214.64, "end": 3216.7, "text": "Homer and Virgil.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-007", "start": 3217.9, "end": 3223.79, "text": "And there are some parts of Paradise Lost which are beautiful,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-008", "start": 3224.32, "end": 3225.64, "text": "okay? I mean, I love Paradise Lost.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-009", "start": 3225.74, "end": 3227.2, "text": "I've taught Paradise Lost before.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-010", "start": 3227.68, "end": 3229.04, "text": "But the reality is this.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-011", "start": 3229.48, "end": 3232.52, "text": "As an epic, as a grand vision of the world,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-012", "start": 3232.66, "end": 3235.7, "text": "it doesn't really work, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-013", "start": 3235.96, "end": 3241.58, "text": "I mean, like, I don't really think the plot,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-014", "start": 3242.16, "end": 3244.7, "text": "the vision of Paradise Lost,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-015", "start": 3244.8, "end": 3250.44, "text": "it is as fully formed and as grand as Homer and as", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-016", "start": 3250.44, "end": 3253.1, "text": "Virgil and as Dante, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-017", "start": 3253.28, "end": 3256.04, "text": "And so Paradise Lost, you might have a chance to read it", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-018", "start": 3256.04, "end": 3258.28, "text": "in college one day.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-019", "start": 3258.5, "end": 3262.78, "text": "But it's a very limited and narrow -minded epic.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-020", "start": 3263.74, "end": 3264.26, "text": "All right.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-021", "start": 3264.62, "end": 3267.22, "text": "So let's conclude.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-022", "start": 3268.03, "end": 3268.77, "text": "All right.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-023", "start": 3268.81, "end": 3270.19, "text": "So we did Britain today,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-024", "start": 3270.29, "end": 3271.59, "text": "okay? And I hope you understand.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-025", "start": 3273.92, "end": 3274.48, "text": "There's a lot of", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-026", "start": 3274.48, "end": 3274.82, "text": "British culture.", "word_count": 2 } ], "text_sha256": "0d0954bd2c945943e2b228202f598c4056e48b437edf9d0ffe3ab0f38b98b028", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0051", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=3200s", "time_label": "53:20", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0052", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0052", "start": 3275.14, "end": 3335.89, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "It's an island fortress. It sees itself as here to the Roman Empire. It is an Anglin religion. It's driven by the empiricists and euthanasian philosophies. Okay? And Shakespeare is really the founder of this great civilization. Next class we'll do America. Okay? And then after we do these two cultures that now dominate the world, we'll move on to the Germans and the Russians. Okay? That's the game plan. but what's today's class clear to you do you understand Shakespeare now does this make sense okay any questions anything you're not clear about any questions", "word_count": 96, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-001", "start": 3275.14, "end": 3276.3, "text": "It's an island fortress.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-002", "start": 3277.12, "end": 3278.9, "text": "It sees itself as here to the Roman Empire.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-003", "start": 3279.26, "end": 3280.66, "text": "It is an Anglin religion.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-004", "start": 3281.12, "end": 3286.01, "text": "It's driven by the empiricists and euthanasian philosophies.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-005", "start": 3286.11, "end": 3289.73, "text": "Okay? And Shakespeare is really the founder of this great civilization.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-006", "start": 3290.39, "end": 3292.23, "text": "Next class we'll do America.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-007", "start": 3293.64, "end": 3297.5, "text": "Okay? And then after we do these two cultures that now dominate", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-008", "start": 3297.5, "end": 3300.1, "text": "the world, we'll move on to the Germans and the Russians.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-009", "start": 3300.85, "end": 3302.31, "text": "Okay? That's the game plan.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-010", "start": 3302.31, "end": 3306.39, "text": "but what's today's class clear to you do you understand Shakespeare now", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-011", "start": 3306.39, "end": 3335.27, "text": "does this make sense okay any questions anything you're not clear about", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-012", "start": 3335.27, "end": 3335.89, "text": "any questions", "word_count": 2 } ], "text_sha256": "170ff42b8a56f040276bec432c13daae9ac52b9b51a7cc9eb5389169ceba3cc8", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0052", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=3275s", "time_label": "54:35", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0053", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0053", "start": 3335.89, "end": 3375.92, "speaker": "SPEAKER_02", "text": "okay yeah so okay so the question is what is like like so Shakespeare's is", "word_count": 15, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0053-chunk-001", "start": 3335.89, "end": 3373.88, "text": "okay yeah so okay so the question is what is like like", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0053-chunk-002", "start": 3374.78, "end": 3375.92, "text": "so Shakespeare's is", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "86ec9a0184a57d3cbdbaa16d209cc0681288c20f9a1f315a5cc493a8f6161078", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0053", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=3335s", "time_label": "55:35", "tags": [ "exchange" ] }, { "id": "seg-0054", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "start": 3375.92, "end": 3440.57, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "played off is performed all the time and you are forced to read Shakespeare in school so where is where do we get these place from okay so let me explain to you what's happening all right okay so Shakespeare's place all right so when Shakespeare was alive he didn't really publish his place okay he didn't publish his place and there are many reasons why he didn't publish his place first of all in this culture at this time there's no no No copyright so if you publish your play someone steals it too bad so you're not incentivized to publish your play second of all people don't really read and write so there's really no market for his place so even if you were to publish his place you wouldn't make any money he would make any money he would not make any money off it okay so what he did was he wrote his place down primarily", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-001", "start": 3375.92, "end": 3379.74, "text": "played off is performed all the time and you are forced to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-002", "start": 3379.74, "end": 3385.16, "text": "read Shakespeare in school so where is where do we get these", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-003", "start": 3385.16, "end": 3390.7, "text": "place from okay so let me explain to you what's happening all", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-004", "start": 3390.76, "end": 3401.87, "text": "right okay so Shakespeare's place all right so when Shakespeare was alive", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-005", "start": 3401.87, "end": 3411.12, "text": "he didn't really publish his place okay he didn't publish his place", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-006", "start": 3411.12, "end": 3414.46, "text": "and there are many reasons why he didn't publish his place first", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-007", "start": 3414.46, "end": 3418.3, "text": "of all in this culture at this time there's no no No", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-008", "start": 3418.3, "end": 3422.27, "text": "copyright so if you publish your play someone steals it too bad", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-009", "start": 3422.27, "end": 3427.21, "text": "so you're not incentivized to publish your play second of all people", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-010", "start": 3427.21, "end": 3430.51, "text": "don't really read and write so there's really no market for his", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-011", "start": 3430.51, "end": 3433.09, "text": "place so even if you were to publish his place you wouldn't", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-012", "start": 3433.09, "end": 3435.25, "text": "make any money he would make any money he would not make", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-013", "start": 3435.25, "end": 3438.17, "text": "any money off it okay so what he did was he wrote", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-014", "start": 3438.17, "end": 3440.57, "text": "his place down primarily", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "3efca364b03e9a7455b9541e81bbee8a06d229a41fcfac6163a6d5ae5636b5ed", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0054", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=3375s", "time_label": "56:15", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0055", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "start": 3440.57, "end": 3506.82, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "for his actors to memorize but as but but but the benefit of I make pentameter is that actually the speeches are pretty easy to memorize okay and when he was alive Shakespeare was a national celebrity he perform his place in front of the king and queen he was very very well known extremely famous he was looked down upon by the nobles but I mean he was very very wealthy and he himself will go on to purchase a noble title for himself okay so he was extremely successful um when he was talking about Shakespeare he had a noble title but what he didn't get alive people didn't really fully understand his genius okay it's only about 100 years 20 years afterwards when people really appreciate his genius and his play spread throughout Europe especially Germany to Germany the Germans loved Shakespeare okay and it was only after his death that people realized what a unique genius", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-001", "start": 3440.57, "end": 3445.49, "text": "for his actors to memorize but as but but but the benefit", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-002", "start": 3445.49, "end": 3449.89, "text": "of I make pentameter is that actually the speeches are pretty easy", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-003", "start": 3449.89, "end": 3457.13, "text": "to memorize okay and when he was alive Shakespeare was a national", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-004", "start": 3457.13, "end": 3460.25, "text": "celebrity he perform his place in front of the king and queen", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-005", "start": 3460.25, "end": 3467.35, "text": "he was very very well known extremely famous he was looked down", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-006", "start": 3467.35, "end": 3470.55, "text": "upon by the nobles but I mean he was very very wealthy", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-007", "start": 3470.55, "end": 3474.75, "text": "and he himself will go on to purchase a noble title for", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-008", "start": 3474.75, "end": 3479.98, "text": "himself okay so he was extremely successful um when he was talking", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-009", "start": 3479.98, "end": 3479.98, "text": "about Shakespeare he had a noble title but what he didn't get", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-010", "start": 3479.98, "end": 3487.9, "text": "alive people didn't really fully understand his genius okay it's only about", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-011", "start": 3487.9, "end": 3494.6, "text": "100 years 20 years afterwards when people really appreciate his genius and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-012", "start": 3494.6, "end": 3500.2, "text": "his play spread throughout Europe especially Germany to Germany the Germans loved", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-013", "start": 3500.2, "end": 3503.46, "text": "Shakespeare okay and it was only after his death that people realized", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-014", "start": 3503.46, "end": 3506.82, "text": "what a unique genius", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "16b0d3ca90578cdcfcd5857ed0c46598b7c8f29c8055775430e81fa6796cb4ec", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0055", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=3440s", "time_label": "57:20", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0056", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "start": 3506.82, "end": 3579.18, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "Shakespeare was so after his death his friends and I don't know their names okay but his friends want to remember him they want to memorize him okay so they start to publish his place it's something called the first folio so basically what they did was okay they took the notes from Shakespeare so some surviving manuscripts not complete okay but some of his notes they also got the actors to basically write down what they remember okay they remember a lot because these are actors actors have extremely good memories okay so they were able to remember remember exactly the speeches and then they'll make they'll make edits okay and this is the first port little first folio okay but as you can imagine over time there'll be a lot lots of additions and mistakes alright but um so today there are a thousand Shakespeare scholars and they argue over certain words did Shakespeare really have this word", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-001", "start": 3506.82, "end": 3513.96, "text": "Shakespeare was so after his death his friends and I don't know", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-002", "start": 3513.96, "end": 3517.74, "text": "their names okay but his friends want to remember him they want", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-003", "start": 3517.74, "end": 3522.42, "text": "to memorize him okay so they start to publish his place it's", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-004", "start": 3522.42, "end": 3526.7, "text": "something called the first folio so basically what they did was okay", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-005", "start": 3526.7, "end": 3533.12, "text": "they took the notes from Shakespeare so some surviving manuscripts not complete", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-006", "start": 3533.12, "end": 3538.01, "text": "okay but some of his notes they also got the actors to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-007", "start": 3538.01, "end": 3544.38, "text": "basically write down what they remember okay they remember a lot because", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-008", "start": 3544.38, "end": 3547.96, "text": "these are actors actors have extremely good memories okay so they were", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-009", "start": 3547.96, "end": 3554.39, "text": "able to remember remember exactly the speeches and then they'll make they'll", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-010", "start": 3554.39, "end": 3559.86, "text": "make edits okay and this is the first port little first folio", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-011", "start": 3559.86, "end": 3562.86, "text": "okay but as you can imagine over time there'll be a lot", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-012", "start": 3562.86, "end": 3572.78, "text": "lots of additions and mistakes alright but um so today there are", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-013", "start": 3572.78, "end": 3578.08, "text": "a thousand Shakespeare scholars and they argue over certain words did Shakespeare", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-014", "start": 3578.08, "end": 3579.18, "text": "really have this word", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "8a9177ea1fa0b25ee0cb822eb3298661573eb5d7b6af63581645847d9f62d982", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0056", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=3506s", "time_label": "58:26", "tags": [ "exchange" ] }, { "id": "seg-0057", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "start": 3579.18, "end": 3640.71, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "or was it a later addition okay and I mean it's a really silly thing to do because as I explain to you the genius of Shakespeare was to imagine language as it's very fluid flexible imaginative tool and when it comes to�� 한ожет for you to experience reality onto itself okay so to argue what i mean like was it a dagger or datter or dasher okay and people argue this i mean like does it really matter i mean like a lot of shakespeare's just wordplay right i mean like there's really no deep truth in shakespeare and quite honestly i mean like these words are not going to change the deeper meaning of shakespeare okay so so it's something that i think overpaid english professors do okay just because they have nothing better to do okay they argue about what was the in the first fort leo what was edited out was added to they're trying to", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-001", "start": 3579.18, "end": 3586.02, "text": "or was it a later addition okay and I mean it's a", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-002", "start": 3586.02, "end": 3589.02, "text": "really silly thing to do because as I explain to you the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-003", "start": 3589.02, "end": 3597.03, "text": "genius of Shakespeare was to imagine language as it's very fluid flexible", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-004", "start": 3597.03, "end": 3599.37, "text": "imaginative tool and when it comes to�� 한ожет for you to experience", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-005", "start": 3599.37, "end": 3603.81, "text": "reality onto itself okay so to argue what i mean like was", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-006", "start": 3603.81, "end": 3609.53, "text": "it a dagger or datter or dasher okay and people argue this", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-007", "start": 3609.53, "end": 3612.88, "text": "i mean like does it really matter i mean like a lot", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-008", "start": 3612.88, "end": 3616.78, "text": "of shakespeare's just wordplay right i mean like there's really no deep", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-009", "start": 3616.78, "end": 3623.51, "text": "truth in shakespeare and quite honestly i mean like these words are", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-010", "start": 3623.51, "end": 3626.63, "text": "not going to change the deeper meaning of shakespeare okay so so", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-011", "start": 3626.63, "end": 3633.19, "text": "it's something that i think overpaid english professors do okay just because", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-012", "start": 3633.19, "end": 3636.75, "text": "they have nothing better to do okay they argue about what was", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-013", "start": 3636.75, "end": 3639.83, "text": "the in the first fort leo what was edited out was added", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-014", "start": 3639.83, "end": 3640.71, "text": "to they're trying to", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "a9d4dd9172ba057bfbaca9448ca243fec411f3eb22bfc3cc4c776bd0751c8e8a", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0057", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=3579s", "time_label": "59:39", "tags": [ "answer" ] }, { "id": "seg-0058", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "start": 3640.71, "end": 3727.99, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "figure out what was shakespeare's original intention and i mean shakespeare think of him as a musician okay he's i mean like he's trying to um sing beauty and truth but a lot of it is not intentional a lot of it's not conscious a lot of this is being driven by inspiration and intuition and imagination okay right so when we go back to hamlet the soliloquy if we change a few words it doesn't really change the meaning of the soliloquy okay right does it make sense eva okay great question though right any other questions yes okay okay so it's a great question okay um what means burden okay this is a concept that was introduced during the age of imperialism right at the end towards the end of the 19th century by robert kipling okay the white man's burden we have a responsibility as white people to go and civilize the dark people okay in africa", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-001", "start": 3640.71, "end": 3646.16, "text": "figure out what was shakespeare's original intention and i mean shakespeare think", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-002", "start": 3646.16, "end": 3650.42, "text": "of him as a musician okay he's i mean like he's trying", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-003", "start": 3650.42, "end": 3656.36, "text": "to um sing beauty and truth but a lot of it is", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-004", "start": 3656.36, "end": 3659.82, "text": "not intentional a lot of it's not conscious a lot of this", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-005", "start": 3659.82, "end": 3666.22, "text": "is being driven by inspiration and intuition and imagination okay right so", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-006", "start": 3666.22, "end": 3669.76, "text": "when we go back to hamlet the soliloquy if we change a", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-007", "start": 3669.76, "end": 3673.36, "text": "few words it doesn't really change the meaning of the soliloquy okay", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-008", "start": 3673.36, "end": 3683.26, "text": "right does it make sense eva okay great question though right any", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-009", "start": 3684.74, "end": 3710.52, "text": "other questions yes okay okay so it's a great question okay um", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-010", "start": 3710.52, "end": 3718.61, "text": "what means burden okay this is a concept that was introduced during", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-011", "start": 3718.61, "end": 3721.03, "text": "the age of imperialism right at the end towards the end of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-012", "start": 3721.03, "end": 3724.19, "text": "the 19th century by robert kipling okay the white man's burden we", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-013", "start": 3724.19, "end": 3726.93, "text": "have a responsibility as white people to go and civilize the dark", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-014", "start": 3726.93, "end": 3727.99, "text": "people okay in africa", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "6029a2c2711df2ab55eb98a04301836ba70c20e1f4a99343da37af3eb51e4210", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0058", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=3640s", "time_label": "1:00:40", "tags": [ "answer", "exchange" ] }, { "id": "seg-0059", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "start": 3727.99, "end": 3797.56, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "and in china and other places um what's the connection to shakespeare okay first of all shakespeare was not interested in the world okay he he was very provincial he was interested in london and that was about it i'm not even sure if he traveled okay um there's a debate whether or not he actually speaks french and latin he knows a bit of latin but this is about whether or not he speaks french okay so um shakespeare was not an imperialist he was not a globalist he didn't really care about the world but within shakespeare is british culture okay he wrote of histories tragedies and comedies there's like 38 to 41 plays and together the encapsulation of british culture right so as britain was going out into the world and conquering people and colonizing nations they need to explain why this was happening okay why are you going and killing people for like no particular reason", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-001", "start": 3727.99, "end": 3731.39, "text": "and in china and other places um what's the connection to shakespeare", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-002", "start": 3731.39, "end": 3739.95, "text": "okay first of all shakespeare was not interested in the world okay", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-003", "start": 3739.95, "end": 3744.17, "text": "he he was very provincial he was interested in london and that", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-004", "start": 3744.17, "end": 3747.17, "text": "was about it i'm not even sure if he traveled okay um", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-005", "start": 3747.17, "end": 3750.07, "text": "there's a debate whether or not he actually speaks french and latin", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-006", "start": 3750.07, "end": 3752.25, "text": "he knows a bit of latin but this is about whether or", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-007", "start": 3752.25, "end": 3757.21, "text": "not he speaks french okay so um shakespeare was not an imperialist", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-008", "start": 3757.21, "end": 3760.35, "text": "he was not a globalist he didn't really care about the world", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-009", "start": 3760.35, "end": 3768.96, "text": "but within shakespeare is british culture okay he wrote of histories tragedies", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-010", "start": 3768.96, "end": 3779.32, "text": "and comedies there's like 38 to 41 plays and together the encapsulation", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-011", "start": 3779.32, "end": 3785.76, "text": "of british culture right so as britain was going out into the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-012", "start": 3785.76, "end": 3792.07, "text": "world and conquering people and colonizing nations they need to explain why", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-013", "start": 3792.07, "end": 3796.72, "text": "this was happening okay why are you going and killing people for", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-014", "start": 3796.72, "end": 3797.56, "text": "like no particular reason", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "7309f783d2b7e10f600cab88e74e8e3cd567f90d7a4c5cf801c16ffd3f79273a", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0059", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=3727s", "time_label": "1:02:07", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0060", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "start": 3797.56, "end": 3863.46, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "and this is why shakespeare is important because shakespeare allows him to say well do you have a shakespeare do you have do you have like 38 to 41 that are beautifully written well if you don't then that means you're not civilized okay we have shakespeare you don't have shakespeare that means we're superior to you and therefore we will teach you shakespeare we will educate you in shakespeare we will civilize you okay so this is not just shakespeare there are other um um individuals as well okay but primarily shakespeare shakespeare is really the um greatest cultural product of the british right so that doesn't make sense echo okay so shakespeare himself was not an imperialist he didn't really care about that sort of thing okay but his legacy will be co -opted by british imperialists in order to justify and explain whether going out and killing so many people around the world and stealing their resources", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-001", "start": 3797.56, "end": 3803.88, "text": "and this is why shakespeare is important because shakespeare allows him to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-002", "start": 3803.88, "end": 3807.2, "text": "say well do you have a shakespeare do you have do you", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-003", "start": 3807.2, "end": 3811.96, "text": "have like 38 to 41 that are beautifully written well if you", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-004", "start": 3811.96, "end": 3816.02, "text": "don't then that means you're not civilized okay we have shakespeare you", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-005", "start": 3816.02, "end": 3819.88, "text": "don't have shakespeare that means we're superior to you and therefore we", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-006", "start": 3819.88, "end": 3823.92, "text": "will teach you shakespeare we will educate you in shakespeare we will", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-007", "start": 3823.92, "end": 3827.74, "text": "civilize you okay so this is not just shakespeare there are other", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-008", "start": 3827.74, "end": 3834.99, "text": "um um individuals as well okay but primarily shakespeare shakespeare is really", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-009", "start": 3834.99, "end": 3845.08, "text": "the um greatest cultural product of the british right so that doesn't", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-010", "start": 3845.08, "end": 3850.1, "text": "make sense echo okay so shakespeare himself was not an imperialist he", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-011", "start": 3850.1, "end": 3853.72, "text": "didn't really care about that sort of thing okay but his legacy", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-012", "start": 3853.72, "end": 3858.12, "text": "will be co -opted by british imperialists in order to justify and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-013", "start": 3858.12, "end": 3861.48, "text": "explain whether going out and killing so many people around the world", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-014", "start": 3861.48, "end": 3863.46, "text": "and stealing their resources", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "98e4fc36dd4852053f4505d764bb8a3c29c9aed02ee4af77352aa1f25ec8005b", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0060", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=3797s", "time_label": "1:03:17", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0061", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "start": 3863.46, "end": 3992.33, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "right okay but we'll discuss this when we enter the age of imperialism which is towards the 19th century and and then this will lead us into the great wars world uh world war one and world war two okay all right any more questions yeah i i answered the question okay great great so so you're you're doing othello in class and you're looking at othello from the perspective of race and identity and culture right um okay so let's discuss how shakespeare wrote his place okay so he wrote um for around 40 plays before he died at 52 okay which meant that he was basically producing one two three plays a year that's a lot guys if you read shakespeare the themes are extremely diverse okay you have othello who is a moore who kills his wife desimona okay but you also have merchant of venice julius caesar okay so there's a wide range of his plays", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-001", "start": 3863.46, "end": 3868.13, "text": "right okay but we'll discuss this when we enter the age of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-002", "start": 3868.13, "end": 3871.79, "text": "imperialism which is towards the 19th century and and then this will", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-003", "start": 3871.79, "end": 3875.65, "text": "lead us into the great wars world uh world war one and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-004", "start": 3875.65, "end": 3935.5, "text": "world war two okay all right any more questions yeah i i", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-005", "start": 3935.5, "end": 3938.88, "text": "answered the question okay great great so so you're you're doing othello", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-006", "start": 3938.88, "end": 3943.72, "text": "in class and you're looking at othello from the perspective of race", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-007", "start": 3943.72, "end": 3957.14, "text": "and identity and culture right um okay so let's discuss how shakespeare", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-008", "start": 3957.14, "end": 3963.74, "text": "wrote his place okay so he wrote um for around 40 plays", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-009", "start": 3964.26, "end": 3967.88, "text": "before he died at 52 okay which meant that he was basically", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-010", "start": 3967.88, "end": 3973.97, "text": "producing one two three plays a year that's a lot guys if", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-011", "start": 3973.97, "end": 3977.89, "text": "you read shakespeare the themes are extremely diverse okay you have othello", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-012", "start": 3977.89, "end": 3984.12, "text": "who is a moore who kills his wife desimona okay but you", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-013", "start": 3984.12, "end": 3990.01, "text": "also have merchant of venice julius caesar okay so there's a wide", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-014", "start": 3990.01, "end": 3992.33, "text": "range of his plays", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "632f108a80ce6bdd0ba7259d116802a8ea7fd86fcfa59bc36b9af8c3ba128aa8", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0061", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=3863s", "time_label": "1:04:23", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0062", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "start": 3992.33, "end": 4068.33, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "and so the question is So, he was stealing it from everyone, okay? Remember, this is a huge market for theater. There are dozens and dozens of really talented playwrights in London, in England, who are producing wonderful works. So he's just stealing these plots from different playwrights. But what makes Shakespeare unique and special and superior to these other playwrights is, first of all, his characters. He has a deep empathy for his characters. He goes into the mind of his characters, and he says, if I'm this person, how would I behave, okay? So that's one thing that makes him unique. Second, as we discussed, is his use of language, okay? Just the fluidity and the beauty, okay? And the flexibility of his language, okay? And the last thing is the, the realism, which is he's trying to make the plot as realistic as possible. He's trying to remove the supernatural elements, okay? He's interested in psychology, okay?", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-001", "start": 3992.33, "end": 3995.95, "text": "and so the question is So,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-002", "start": 3995.95, "end": 3996.93, "text": "he was stealing it from everyone,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-003", "start": 3997.09, "end": 4001.07, "text": "okay? Remember, this is a huge market for theater.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-004", "start": 4001.25, "end": 4005.29, "text": "There are dozens and dozens of really talented playwrights in London,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-005", "start": 4005.39, "end": 4007.73, "text": "in England, who are producing wonderful works.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-006", "start": 4008.61, "end": 4013.41, "text": "So he's just stealing these plots from different playwrights.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-007", "start": 4013.41, "end": 4018.39, "text": "But what makes Shakespeare unique and special and superior to these other", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-008", "start": 4018.39, "end": 4020.35, "text": "playwrights is, first of all,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-009", "start": 4020.37, "end": 4021.27, "text": "his characters.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-010", "start": 4023, "end": 4028.68, "text": "He has a deep empathy for his characters.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-011", "start": 4028.84, "end": 4030.62, "text": "He goes into the mind of his characters,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-012", "start": 4030.66, "end": 4032.42, "text": "and he says, if I'm this person,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-013", "start": 4032.56, "end": 4034.92, "text": "how would I behave, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-014", "start": 4035.08, "end": 4036.66, "text": "So that's one thing that makes him unique.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-015", "start": 4036.84, "end": 4039.56, "text": "Second, as we discussed, is his use of language,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-016", "start": 4039.76, "end": 4043.77, "text": "okay? Just the fluidity and the beauty,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-017", "start": 4043.85, "end": 4046.75, "text": "okay? And the flexibility of his language,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-018", "start": 4046.93, "end": 4055.11, "text": "okay? And the last thing is the,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-019", "start": 4055.27, "end": 4060.51, "text": "the realism, which is he's trying to make the plot as realistic", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-020", "start": 4060.51, "end": 4061.31, "text": "as possible.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-021", "start": 4061.49, "end": 4065.13, "text": "He's trying to remove the supernatural elements,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-022", "start": 4065.33, "end": 4067.21, "text": "okay? He's interested in psychology,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-023", "start": 4067.53, "end": 4068.33, "text": "okay?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "727d11b118dab4a7964cc30667ad2114302e4f1b425f14aaafb9df149748f45b", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0062", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=3992s", "time_label": "1:06:32", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0063", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "start": 4072.82, "end": 4147.93, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "So, when you look at Othello, he's asking himself, why is it that a man who loves his wife, what could drive him to kill his wife, okay? That's the question he's asking. he doesn't see Othello as a black person in a foreign culture he doesn't see it that way he just sees I want to ask myself a question if you truly love a person what would what would drive him to kill her okay but because the theme is so universal it allows you to impose cultural readings okay so he himself was not interested in the issue of race culture and identity quite honestly at this time in history there's no such thing as race or identity okay remember I keep on saying this but for most of you of your ministry we got the fridge ourselves according to race we differentiate ourselves according to community okay so within England people didn't care about the French", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-001", "start": 4072.82, "end": 4075.32, "text": "So, when you look at Othello,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-002", "start": 4075.74, "end": 4082.12, "text": "he's asking himself, why is it that a man who loves his", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-003", "start": 4082.12, "end": 4086.82, "text": "wife, what could drive him to kill his wife,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-004", "start": 4086.98, "end": 4089.34, "text": "okay? That's the question he's asking.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-005", "start": 4089.34, "end": 4094.12, "text": "he doesn't see Othello as a black person in a foreign culture", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-006", "start": 4094.12, "end": 4096.48, "text": "he doesn't see it that way he just sees I want to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-007", "start": 4096.48, "end": 4100.16, "text": "ask myself a question if you truly love a person what would", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-008", "start": 4100.16, "end": 4108.78, "text": "what would drive him to kill her okay but because the theme", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-009", "start": 4108.78, "end": 4124.66, "text": "is so universal it allows you to impose cultural readings okay so", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-010", "start": 4124.66, "end": 4128.28, "text": "he himself was not interested in the issue of race culture and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-011", "start": 4128.28, "end": 4131.7, "text": "identity quite honestly at this time in history there's no such thing", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-012", "start": 4131.7, "end": 4134.86, "text": "as race or identity okay remember I keep on saying this but", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-013", "start": 4134.86, "end": 4137.9, "text": "for most of you of your ministry we got the fridge ourselves", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-014", "start": 4137.9, "end": 4144.31, "text": "according to race we differentiate ourselves according to community okay so within", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-015", "start": 4144.31, "end": 4147.93, "text": "England people didn't care about the French", "word_count": 7 } ], "text_sha256": "fe252073d5376a6b337beaf5409eeb71c3db19ff70cd12bb0cc2cff482893662", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0063", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=4072s", "time_label": "1:07:52", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0064", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0064", "start": 4147.93, "end": 4203.95, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "or the Germans they hate but but you know what they cared about each other and they hated each other remember the main conflict in England at this point is the comic between the Catholics and the Protestants okay so they won't focus on the world they'll focus on each other so these cultural readings come later they come from today Shakespeare himself was only interested in psychology what drives us humans all right and you can see that benefits itself in Othello and in Hamlet all right and quite honestly I'll be honest to you I think it's really unfair to Shakespeare that we're doing this right I mean like like like like isn't that much it wouldn't be much more interesting class we stopped asking ourselves Oh Othello was a black person so how black people persecute it and ask yourself Othello is a man of great achievement he's a man of great tremendous pride and honor but", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-001", "start": 4147.93, "end": 4151.25, "text": "or the Germans they hate but but you know what they cared", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-002", "start": 4151.25, "end": 4153.97, "text": "about each other and they hated each other remember the main conflict", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-003", "start": 4153.97, "end": 4156.67, "text": "in England at this point is the comic between the Catholics and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-004", "start": 4156.67, "end": 4159.17, "text": "the Protestants okay so they won't focus on the world they'll focus", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-005", "start": 4159.17, "end": 4166.14, "text": "on each other so these cultural readings come later they come from", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-006", "start": 4166.14, "end": 4172.29, "text": "today Shakespeare himself was only interested in psychology what drives us humans", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-007", "start": 4172.29, "end": 4175.87, "text": "all right and you can see that benefits itself in Othello and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-008", "start": 4175.87, "end": 4182.37, "text": "in Hamlet all right and quite honestly I'll be honest to you", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-009", "start": 4182.37, "end": 4187.47, "text": "I think it's really unfair to Shakespeare that we're doing this right", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-010", "start": 4187.47, "end": 4191.23, "text": "I mean like like like like isn't that much it wouldn't be", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-011", "start": 4191.23, "end": 4195.55, "text": "much more interesting class we stopped asking ourselves Oh Othello was a", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-012", "start": 4195.55, "end": 4198.61, "text": "black person so how black people persecute it and ask yourself Othello", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-013", "start": 4198.61, "end": 4202.49, "text": "is a man of great achievement he's a man of great tremendous", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-014", "start": 4202.49, "end": 4203.95, "text": "pride and honor but", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "31a09f860cae02ba6359f2731054acdc6890a7a31fe8837863509b0e372b79f7", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0064", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=4147s", "time_label": "1:09:07", "tags": [ "exchange" ] }, { "id": "seg-0065", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "start": 4203.95, "end": 4267.9, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "is it possible that in insurance in certain circumstances this can be used against him and that's the that's the plot of Othello which makes it a Greek tragedy right the Greeks could work it's about hubris arrogance fate these are questions that the Greeks were concerned about so in many ways Shakespeare saw himself as continuing the Greek legacy all right and the fact that we're focusing on questions like race culture identity it's really like degrades the play because it's saying like oh if you're a black person then you may always be manipulated and persecuted and quite honestly it's also reinforcing certain racial stereotypes about black people as very violent and emotional okay so if I were to teach Othello it's a great play and I've never taught Othello but I would focus more on the human aspect of Othello as opposed to the racial aspect of Othello does it make sense okay great any more questions", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0065-chunk-001", "start": 4203.95, "end": 4208.31, "text": "is it possible that in insurance in certain circumstances this can be", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0065-chunk-002", "start": 4208.31, "end": 4211.71, "text": "used against him and that's the that's the plot of Othello which", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0065-chunk-003", "start": 4211.71, "end": 4214.37, "text": "makes it a Greek tragedy right the Greeks could work it's about", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0065-chunk-004", "start": 4214.37, "end": 4220.32, "text": "hubris arrogance fate these are questions that the Greeks were concerned about", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0065-chunk-005", "start": 4220.32, "end": 4225.34, "text": "so in many ways Shakespeare saw himself as continuing the Greek legacy", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0065-chunk-006", "start": 4225.34, "end": 4229.8, "text": "all right and the fact that we're focusing on questions like race", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0065-chunk-007", "start": 4229.8, "end": 4235.92, "text": "culture identity it's really like degrades the play because it's saying like", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0065-chunk-008", "start": 4235.92, "end": 4241.18, "text": "oh if you're a black person then you may always be manipulated", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0065-chunk-009", "start": 4241.18, "end": 4246.76, "text": "and persecuted and quite honestly it's also reinforcing certain racial stereotypes about", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0065-chunk-010", "start": 4246.76, "end": 4251.58, "text": "black people as very violent and emotional okay so if I were", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0065-chunk-011", "start": 4251.58, "end": 4254.4, "text": "to teach Othello it's a great play and I've never taught Othello", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0065-chunk-012", "start": 4254.4, "end": 4258.7, "text": "but I would focus more on the human aspect of Othello as", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0065-chunk-013", "start": 4258.7, "end": 4264.01, "text": "opposed to the racial aspect of Othello does it make sense okay", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0065-chunk-014", "start": 4264.4, "end": 4267.9, "text": "great any more questions", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "57963a62c828d6b79d1289b9bab335d5b9186eee70f94ad49a94b5819acd6536", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0065", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=4203s", "time_label": "1:10:03", "tags": [ "answer" ] }, { "id": "seg-0066", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "start": 4282.46, "end": 4343.67, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "that's a great question how is Shakespeare able to focus on human psychology given the fact that he's not well educated okay I will make the argument it is precisely because he's not well educated that he focused on human psychology okay when you are educated you're educated into cultural attitudes norms and values of the elite but if you're not educated then what you do is you observe humans as they are without prejudice you want to know you want to know how are we as humans and you have not been indoctrinated to believe believe certain certain things okay if you go to school you don't want school and you go to when you're at university, the first thing you're taught is only well -educated people are capable of deep psychological insights. And that's a prejudice, that's a failing. Because Shakespeare never went to school, he's able to see himself as equal to other people, and therefore he's", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-001", "start": 4282.46, "end": 4286.56, "text": "that's a great question how is Shakespeare able to focus on human", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-002", "start": 4286.56, "end": 4290.52, "text": "psychology given the fact that he's not well educated okay I will", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-003", "start": 4290.52, "end": 4294.58, "text": "make the argument it is precisely because he's not well educated that", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-004", "start": 4294.58, "end": 4299.46, "text": "he focused on human psychology okay when you are educated you're educated", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-005", "start": 4299.46, "end": 4306.06, "text": "into cultural attitudes norms and values of the elite but if you're", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-006", "start": 4306.06, "end": 4310.82, "text": "not educated then what you do is you observe humans as they", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-007", "start": 4310.82, "end": 4315.88, "text": "are without prejudice you want to know you want to know how", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-008", "start": 4316.4, "end": 4319.94, "text": "are we as humans and you have not been indoctrinated to believe", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-009", "start": 4319.94, "end": 4325.51, "text": "believe certain certain things okay if you go to school you don't", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-010", "start": 4325.51, "end": 4327.07, "text": "want school and you go to when you're at university,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-011", "start": 4327.29, "end": 4330.89, "text": "the first thing you're taught is only well -educated people are capable", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-012", "start": 4330.89, "end": 4332.65, "text": "of deep psychological insights.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-013", "start": 4333.21, "end": 4335.65, "text": "And that's a prejudice, that's a failing.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-014", "start": 4336.49, "end": 4338.33, "text": "Because Shakespeare never went to school,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-015", "start": 4338.59, "end": 4342.63, "text": "he's able to see himself as equal to other people,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-016", "start": 4342.73, "end": 4343.67, "text": "and therefore he's", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "b8ccfce2c354e567119eb2d8ae8990f29d078c30af17e0e74fc152dd00d716a6", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0066", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=4282s", "time_label": "1:11:22", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0067", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "start": 4343.67, "end": 4419.13, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "able to have tremendous empathy for other people, and therefore he's able to understand their psychology and his own psychology, all right? He's able to see people as a reflection of his own psychology, and that's what drives his genius. And quite honestly, that's also what drove Homer, okay? I hate to say this, but I did go to Yale University, I studied English literature there, so I spent a year studying Shakespeare. And I was not impressed with the education I got at Yale, because again, the problem with going to these elite universities is, you're taught to think in a very rigid way that inhibits your empathy, your curiosity, and your own psychological understanding, okay? In fact, I'll be honest with you, I watch a lot of YouTube videos and like to do research for these talks, I'm always impressed by how these self -taught historians know much more about history than these academics at Yale, Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard, okay?", "word_count": 162, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-001", "start": 4343.67, "end": 4345.91, "text": "able to have tremendous empathy for other people,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-002", "start": 4346.05, "end": 4349.25, "text": "and therefore he's able to understand their psychology and his own psychology,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-003", "start": 4349.43, "end": 4350.41, "text": "all right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-004", "start": 4350.53, "end": 4353.89, "text": "He's able to see people as a reflection of his own psychology,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-005", "start": 4354.11, "end": 4355.93, "text": "and that's what drives his genius.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-006", "start": 4356.77, "end": 4359.95, "text": "And quite honestly, that's also what drove Homer,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-007", "start": 4360.09, "end": 4367.1, "text": "okay? I hate to say this,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-008", "start": 4367.2, "end": 4368.52, "text": "but I did go to Yale University,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-009", "start": 4368.78, "end": 4370.18, "text": "I studied English literature there,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-010", "start": 4370.34, "end": 4371.72, "text": "so I spent a year studying Shakespeare.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-011", "start": 4373.09, "end": 4378.8, "text": "And I was not impressed with the education I got at Yale,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-012", "start": 4379.26, "end": 4382.2, "text": "because again, the problem with going to these elite universities is,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-013", "start": 4382.36, "end": 4388.45, "text": "you're taught to think in a very rigid way that inhibits your", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-014", "start": 4388.45, "end": 4394.68, "text": "empathy, your curiosity, and your own psychological understanding,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-015", "start": 4395.4, "end": 4398.13, "text": "okay? In fact, I'll be honest with you,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-016", "start": 4398.23, "end": 4402.79, "text": "I watch a lot of YouTube videos and like to do research", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-017", "start": 4402.79, "end": 4409.41, "text": "for these talks, I'm always impressed by how these self -taught historians", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-018", "start": 4409.41, "end": 4416.95, "text": "know much more about history than these academics at Yale,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-019", "start": 4417.13, "end": 4417.97, "text": "Cambridge, Oxford,", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-020", "start": 4418.23, "end": 4419.13, "text": "Harvard, okay?", "word_count": 2 } ], "text_sha256": "29dc6f782ba3175a01d15c6c0507b05cffe25122a34d8da89a31f5deaa0c3d76", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0067", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=4343s", "time_label": "1:12:23", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0068", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "start": 4420.45, "end": 4479.64, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "something that I've observed I'm you're much better off talking to an individual who has a passion for history and who spent his entire life asking himself what is history but never really got a formal education never got a doctorate in history as opposed to a Harvard PhD in history okay that's that's that's a hard lesson I learned in my life it was very hard for me for me except because I am an elite graduate of of elite University okay but what Shakespeare understood intuitively is no it's the common people the ordinary people that's where the truth lies okay not in books but in people that's that's what makes Shakespeare so great he's he is first and foremost an anthropologist a psychologist of people he wants to understand how people think and behave okay when you read when you read his books place that's what that's what you experienced for yourself okay he's really", "word_count": 158, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0068-chunk-001", "start": 4420.45, "end": 4425.13, "text": "something that I've observed I'm you're much better off talking to an", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0068-chunk-002", "start": 4425.13, "end": 4429.82, "text": "individual who has a passion for history and who spent his entire", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0068-chunk-003", "start": 4429.82, "end": 4434.2, "text": "life asking himself what is history but never really got a formal", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0068-chunk-004", "start": 4434.2, "end": 4438.5, "text": "education never got a doctorate in history as opposed to a Harvard", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0068-chunk-005", "start": 4438.5, "end": 4442.02, "text": "PhD in history okay that's that's that's a hard lesson I learned", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0068-chunk-006", "start": 4442.02, "end": 4444.06, "text": "in my life it was very hard for me for me except", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0068-chunk-007", "start": 4444.06, "end": 4450.94, "text": "because I am an elite graduate of of elite University okay but", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0068-chunk-008", "start": 4450.94, "end": 4458.28, "text": "what Shakespeare understood intuitively is no it's the common people the ordinary", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0068-chunk-009", "start": 4458.28, "end": 4462.78, "text": "people that's where the truth lies okay not in books but in", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0068-chunk-010", "start": 4462.78, "end": 4467.04, "text": "people that's that's what makes Shakespeare so great he's he is first", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0068-chunk-011", "start": 4467.04, "end": 4471.98, "text": "and foremost an anthropologist a psychologist of people he wants to understand", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0068-chunk-012", "start": 4471.98, "end": 4475.74, "text": "how people think and behave okay when you read when you read", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0068-chunk-013", "start": 4475.74, "end": 4478.58, "text": "his books place that's what that's what you experienced for yourself okay", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0068-chunk-014", "start": 4478.58, "end": 4479.64, "text": "he's really", "word_count": 2 } ], "text_sha256": "1a842657227eeb4cd1977fa0949b3732004477ad3e0d08afa80095d42cd27ba5", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0068", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=4420s", "time_label": "1:13:40", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0069", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0069", "start": 4479.64, "end": 4525.51, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "interested in the psychology of Iago Desimona and Othello okay that's that's what he's that's what he's curious about he's not interested in these structural forces that drive conflict and persecution among these people okay that comes later but that's what we do to Shakespeare today okay but back then he was only he was only interested in what it meant to be a human being does that make sense I go okay great any more questions guys you want to ask more about Othello I'd be happy to answer even though my reading of Othello", "word_count": 96, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-001", "start": 4479.64, "end": 4487.57, "text": "interested in the psychology of Iago Desimona and Othello okay that's that's", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-002", "start": 4487.57, "end": 4490.29, "text": "what he's that's what he's curious about he's not interested in these", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-003", "start": 4490.29, "end": 4496.75, "text": "structural forces that drive conflict and persecution among these people okay that", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-004", "start": 4496.75, "end": 4500.63, "text": "comes later but that's what we do to Shakespeare today okay but", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-005", "start": 4500.63, "end": 4503.73, "text": "back then he was only he was only interested in what it", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-006", "start": 4503.73, "end": 4511.55, "text": "meant to be a human being does that make sense I go", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-007", "start": 4511.55, "end": 4519.5, "text": "okay great any more questions guys you want to ask more about", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-008", "start": 4519.5, "end": 4525.51, "text": "Othello I'd be happy to answer even though my reading of Othello", "word_count": 12 } ], "text_sha256": "166df049a4aeb6b32782ccd998e1beafaac26038f0220783befecf2a3a8d8a74", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0069", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=4479s", "time_label": "1:14:39", "tags": [ "answer" ] }, { "id": "seg-0070", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "start": 4525.51, "end": 4554.69, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "might be different from what you've been taught in class okay okay so the", "word_count": 14, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-001", "start": 4525.51, "end": 4539.1, "text": "might be different from what you've been taught in class okay okay", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-002", "start": 4554.07, "end": 4554.69, "text": "so the", "word_count": 2 } ], "text_sha256": "2dca1d5506966026066b5434c0264a5dfc955cf7206a7263285020c7f398f879", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0070", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=4525s", "time_label": "1:15:25", "tags": [ "exchange" ] }, { "id": "seg-0071", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "start": 4554.69, "end": 4623.78, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "question is how does Shakespeare develop his themes okay so so Othello sorry so Othello Hamlet King Lear Shakespeare all these plays are well -known stories okay there's many well -known stories but Shakespeare he is curious about people all right because every day if you work in the theater you you deal with people all the time okay your customers are people your actors are people and what he discovered over time is people are very complicated people are very emotional people have their own psychology there's diversity among people okay and so what he does that's really interesting is he takes these legends and he combines them together okay he takes these legends and he takes his observations of human individuals and combines them together to create Shakespeare in other words what he does that's unique is he takes these characters King Lear Hamlet he turns them into people he's observed all right when you do that you", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-001", "start": 4554.69, "end": 4563.12, "text": "question is how does Shakespeare develop his themes okay so so Othello", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-002", "start": 4563.12, "end": 4572.55, "text": "sorry so Othello Hamlet King Lear Shakespeare all these plays are well", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-003", "start": 4572.55, "end": 4578.23, "text": "-known stories okay there's many well -known stories but Shakespeare he is", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-004", "start": 4578.23, "end": 4582.71, "text": "curious about people all right because every day if you work in", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-005", "start": 4582.71, "end": 4586.13, "text": "the theater you you deal with people all the time okay your", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-006", "start": 4586.13, "end": 4589.95, "text": "customers are people your actors are people and what he discovered over", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-007", "start": 4589.95, "end": 4594.61, "text": "time is people are very complicated people are very emotional people have", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-008", "start": 4595.41, "end": 4599.35, "text": "their own psychology there's diversity among people okay and so what he", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-009", "start": 4599.35, "end": 4602.81, "text": "does that's really interesting is he takes these legends and he combines", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-010", "start": 4602.81, "end": 4606.75, "text": "them together okay he takes these legends and he takes his observations", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-011", "start": 4606.75, "end": 4612.33, "text": "of human individuals and combines them together to create Shakespeare in other", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-012", "start": 4612.33, "end": 4617.07, "text": "words what he does that's unique is he takes these characters King", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-013", "start": 4617.07, "end": 4622.66, "text": "Lear Hamlet he turns them into people he's observed all right when", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-014", "start": 4622.66, "end": 4623.78, "text": "you do that you", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "577e05545367a0b2a2b0e7eaf62e801f042a21624007988185a6bfa059276d5d", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0071", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=4554s", "time_label": "1:15:54", "tags": [] }, { "id": "seg-0072", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "start": 4623.78, "end": 4681.37, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "get you get a lot of interesting psychology all right so let's imagine you become Hamlet and you become Othello and you were in the circumstance where your father has come and told and give you a mission to go kill your uncle because he's sleeping with you know your your mother and how would you behave well you probably like Hamlet you'd be like very confused you'd be very distraught okay does that make sense saving Othello where let's just say that you're this great champion you're this great hero well other people are me jealous of you right if other people are going to be jealous of you what they're gonna do is figure out how to get back at you okay so it's not a racial issue it's a human issue if you're the top student in the school and every day the teachers are praising you right I'm pretty sure that's just gonna hate your guts", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-001", "start": 4623.78, "end": 4627.52, "text": "get you get a lot of interesting psychology all right so let's", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-002", "start": 4627.52, "end": 4631.26, "text": "imagine you become Hamlet and you become Othello and you were in", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-003", "start": 4631.26, "end": 4634.46, "text": "the circumstance where your father has come and told and give you", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-004", "start": 4634.46, "end": 4637.68, "text": "a mission to go kill your uncle because he's sleeping with you", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-005", "start": 4637.68, "end": 4643.38, "text": "know your your mother and how would you behave well you probably", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-006", "start": 4643.38, "end": 4648.83, "text": "like Hamlet you'd be like very confused you'd be very distraught okay", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-007", "start": 4648.83, "end": 4655.31, "text": "does that make sense saving Othello where let's just say that you're", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-008", "start": 4655.31, "end": 4659.43, "text": "this great champion you're this great hero well other people are me", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-009", "start": 4659.43, "end": 4663.86, "text": "jealous of you right if other people are going to be jealous", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-010", "start": 4663.86, "end": 4668.26, "text": "of you what they're gonna do is figure out how to get", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-011", "start": 4668.48, "end": 4671.8, "text": "back at you okay so it's not a racial issue it's a", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-012", "start": 4671.8, "end": 4676.81, "text": "human issue if you're the top student in the school and every", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-013", "start": 4676.81, "end": 4680.51, "text": "day the teachers are praising you right I'm pretty sure that's just", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-014", "start": 4680.51, "end": 4681.37, "text": "gonna hate your guts", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "2c126c3969ae8f590c5b2a2b4514c51b1dc41b1b49141550f165cb770dd71b59", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0072", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=4623s", "time_label": "1:17:03", "tags": [ "exchange" ] }, { "id": "seg-0073", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "start": 4681.37, "end": 4703.31, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "that's Othello right that's a human thing it's not a racial thing it's not because he's black I mean it's because he's such a accomplished individual does that make sense all right great okay so next class we do the American Revolution all right you", "word_count": 45, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-001", "start": 4681.37, "end": 4686.71, "text": "that's Othello right that's a human thing it's not a racial thing", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-002", "start": 4686.71, "end": 4689.35, "text": "it's not because he's black I mean it's because he's such a", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-003", "start": 4689.35, "end": 4700.21, "text": "accomplished individual does that make sense all right great okay so next", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-004", "start": 4700.21, "end": 4703.31, "text": "class we do the American Revolution all right you", "word_count": 9 } ], "text_sha256": "65630ba5d66da2b5306c8d7f8007f7c7244cb3f431d99625300dfd0b9fb2ef27", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq/transcript/#seg-0073", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qms7trnKwqQ&t=4681s", "time_label": "1:18:01", "tags": [ "answer" ] } ], "interactions": [ { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0008" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang opens by mapping four modern Christian-Roman civilizations: Russian, German, British, and American. Geography, inherited Rome, and religious form produce different world-pictures and political drives.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang lecture voice", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "segment_id": "seg-0001", "start": 0, "end": 80.544, "time_label": "0:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay, good morning. So this class we are focusing on William Shakespeare. But before I do that, I want to give you an overview of how we will end the course. To end the course, we will focus on the four great modern civ..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0008", "segment_id": "seg-0008", "start": 476.95, "end": 544.467, "time_label": "7:56", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "So next class, we'll discuss America in greater detail. Today, we will focus on the British Empire, which is founded by William Shakespeare. So we will discuss William Shakespeare today. Next week, we'll start to focus..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang asks how Shakespeare turned English into the language of empire, then builds a theory of art as neurological rewiring and diction as a mechanism that makes a civilization imagine, feel, and think differently.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang lecture voice", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "segment_id": "seg-0009", "start": 544.467, "end": 613.56, "time_label": "9:04", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But understand the overall framework is there are four different civilizations that will drive human modernity. And they are in conflict with each other. And it's because of this conflict that drives human innovation. O..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "segment_id": "seg-0016", "start": 1007.85, "end": 1080.64, "time_label": "16:47", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "he finds new ways of using it in his plays that forces us to reimagine the world in a different way, all right? That's the power of Shakespeare. Now, what this is saying is this. What Shakespeare understands is that lan..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0020" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang explains Shakespeare as musical mass entertainment and mass education: iambic pentameter made the plays memorable while low-class theatre carried a global imagination to ordinary people.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang lecture voice", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "segment_id": "seg-0017", "start": 1081.5, "end": 1148.172, "time_label": "18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "When people spoke Shakespeare, it was as though they were singing. And also, there were lots of, like, dance routines within the plays as well. Remember, these are people who are extremely ordinary, OK? Who are going to..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "segment_id": "seg-0020", "start": 1284.89, "end": 1350.4, "time_label": "21:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They're also participating in something called, in a gambling activity called bear baiting. Bear baiting is really strange. But the idea is, you take a bear, you chain him up, you blind him, and then you have dogs attac..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0024" ], "kind": "reading-quoted-material", "summary": "Jiang sets up Hamlet and reads the 'To be or not to be' soliloquy, then comments that its smoothness and memorability come from iambic pentameter.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang reading Shakespeare and interpreting it", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "segment_id": "seg-0021", "start": 1350.64, "end": 1412.1, "time_label": "22:30", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They hate alcohol, they hate fun, they hate theatre, especially theatre. They hate Shakespeare. So they banned it. So during this time, Shakespeare is extremely controversial. So having gone into history, let's discuss..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0024", "segment_id": "seg-0024", "start": 1540.5, "end": 1598.32, "time_label": "25:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "With this regard, their currents turn awry and lose the name of action. Okay. So some brief comments about the soliloquy. First of all, as you can understand, it's beautiful. Right? It's also, if you think about it, pre..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0032" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang translates Hamlet into plain prose to show that Shakespeare is not deep like Dante, then argues that his power lies in layered meanings, visual language, and rhetoric that changes the brain.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang lecture voice", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "segment_id": "seg-0025", "start": 1598.48, "end": 1648.33, "time_label": "26:38", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay? The fact of the matter is that in England, you're expected to read and know Shakespeare. Right? So it's Shakespeare that allows the British to have amazing English. All right. So this is very complicated. But it's..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0032", "segment_id": "seg-0032", "start": 1988.44, "end": 2052.212, "time_label": "33:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They're worried that he'll become king. So they plot to kill him. And Brutus and Cassius and all the conspirators kill Julius Caesar. And then Brutus and Cassius think this is over. Okay? But Mark Anthony, who is Caesar..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0037" ], "kind": "reading-quoted-material", "summary": "Jiang compares Brutus's antithesis with Mark Antony's chiasmus, showing how Antony collapses Brutus's moral economy and shifts the Roman crowd's imagination.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang reading and interpreting Julius Caesar", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "segment_id": "seg-0033", "start": 2052.212, "end": 2109.49, "time_label": "34:12", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Brutus will be the first to give a speech. And then he'll be followed by Mark Anthony. So the strategy of Brutus is to use a rhetorical strategy called the antithesis. Okay? The antithesis is basically very simple. You..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0037", "segment_id": "seg-0037", "start": 2280.25, "end": 2342.72, "time_label": "38:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "O masters, if I were disposed to stir your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage, I should do Brutus wrong and Cassius wrong. Who, you all know, are honorable men. I will not do them wrong. I rather choose to wrong the de..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0040" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang compares Homer and Shakespeare as civilizational founders enabled by blank-slate moments, rapid change, oral culture, open competition, democratic sensibility, and market feedback.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang lecture voice", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "segment_id": "seg-0038", "start": 2343.16, "end": 2412.05, "time_label": "39:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay? Now, as we discussed way back at the beginning of this course, Homer did the same thing. So let's compare Homer and Shakespeare. How was it able that they were both able to be founders of great civilizations? All..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0040", "segment_id": "seg-0040", "start": 2474.49, "end": 2525.57, "time_label": "41:14", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Democratic sensibilities. This is really important. Okay? Homer was talking to ordinary people. Shakespeare was talking to ordinary people. The problem with today's culture is there's a lot of market differentiation whe..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang develops poet as prophet, compares Homer, Dante, and Shakespeare, then uses Keats to show language as a self-contained sensory world before naming English the world's linguistic internet.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang lecture voice with quoted poetry", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "segment_id": "seg-0041", "start": 2526.07, "end": 2585.02, "time_label": "42:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Right? And it turned out that because of the free market and open corporate competition Shakespeare proved to be the best. Okay? And the last idea is poet as prophet. Okay? This is a really important idea where okay yes..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "segment_id": "seg-0048", "start": 2997.01, "end": 3068.33, "time_label": "49:57", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "the first time, all cultures are able to meet together within the English language and communicate with each other. Okay? There's a problem with this. There's a problem with this. The problem is this. But this exchange..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0052" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang turns sharply against Anglo-American culture, calling it narrow and mediocre beside Russian, German, Homeric, Virgilian, and Dantean achievements, then concludes Britain through island fortress, Anglicanism, empiricism, utilitarianism, and Shakespeare.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang lecture voice", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "segment_id": "seg-0049", "start": 3068.33, "end": 3139.85, "time_label": "51:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "-American culture, even though it dominates the world, it's pretty lackluster. It's very narrow -minded. It's very practical. It's pretty mediocre. Okay? And if you want to know what I mean by that, think about, think t..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0052", "segment_id": "seg-0052", "start": 3275.14, "end": 3335.89, "time_label": "54:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It's an island fortress. It sees itself as here to the Roman Empire. It is an Anglin religion. It's driven by the empiricists and euthanasian philosophies. Okay? And Shakespeare is really the founder of this great civil..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0053", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056" ], "kind": "exchange", "summary": "A student asks how Shakespeare's plays survive if he never published them. Jiang answers with copyright absence, oral/actor memory, posthumous friends, and the First Folio.", "speaker_attribution": "Question likely from student; answer from Jiang", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0053", "segment_id": "seg-0053", "start": 3335.89, "end": 3375.92, "time_label": "55:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_02", "excerpt": "okay yeah so okay so the question is what is like like so Shakespeare's is" }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "segment_id": "seg-0056", "start": 3506.82, "end": 3579.18, "time_label": "58:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Shakespeare was so after his death his friends and I don't know their names okay but his friends want to remember him they want to memorize him okay so they start to publish his place it's something called the first fol..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058" ], "kind": "answer", "summary": "Jiang answers the textual-transmission question by downplaying philological word disputes: Shakespeare's genius is fluid imaginative language, not a fixed original intention recoverable by professors.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang answering student question", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "segment_id": "seg-0057", "start": 3579.18, "end": 3640.71, "time_label": "59:39", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "or was it a later addition okay and I mean it's a really silly thing to do because as I explain to you the genius of Shakespeare was to imagine language as it's very fluid flexible imaginative tool and when it comes to�..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3640.71, "end": 3727.99, "time_label": "1:00:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "figure out what was shakespeare's original intention and i mean shakespeare think of him as a musician okay he's i mean like he's trying to um sing beauty and truth but a lot of it is not intentional a lot of it's not c..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0064" ], "kind": "exchange", "summary": "Students ask about white man's burden and Othello. Jiang says Shakespeare was not an imperialist, but British imperialists co-opted him as proof of cultural superiority; on Othello, he argues Shakespeare's interest is universal human psychology rather than race identity.", "speaker_attribution": "Student questions restated by Jiang; answers by Jiang", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3640.71, "end": 3727.99, "time_label": "1:00:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "figure out what was shakespeare's original intention and i mean shakespeare think of him as a musician okay he's i mean like he's trying to um sing beauty and truth but a lot of it is not intentional a lot of it's not c..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0064", "segment_id": "seg-0064", "start": 4147.93, "end": 4203.95, "time_label": "1:09:07", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "or the Germans they hate but but you know what they cared about each other and they hated each other remember the main conflict in England at this point is the comic between the Catholics and the Protestants okay so the..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0069" ], "kind": "answer", "summary": "Jiang continues answering Othello and Shakespeare's education: Othello is a Greek-style human tragedy of pride, jealousy, and fate, and Shakespeare's lack of elite schooling gave him empathy and psychological freedom.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang answering student questions", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "segment_id": "seg-0065", "start": 4203.95, "end": 4267.9, "time_label": "1:10:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "is it possible that in insurance in certain circumstances this can be used against him and that's the that's the plot of Othello which makes it a Greek tragedy right the Greeks could work it's about hubris arrogance fat..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0069", "segment_id": "seg-0069", "start": 4479.64, "end": 4525.51, "time_label": "1:14:39", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "interested in the psychology of Iago Desimona and Othello okay that's that's what he's that's what he's curious about he's not interested in these structural forces that drive conflict and persecution among these people..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ], "kind": "exchange", "summary": "A student asks how Shakespeare develops themes. Jiang answers that Shakespeare takes known legends and fuses them with observations from theatre life, turning stock figures into psychologically observed humans.", "speaker_attribution": "Student question partly captured; answer by Jiang", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "segment_id": "seg-0070", "start": 4525.51, "end": 4554.69, "time_label": "1:15:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "might be different from what you've been taught in class okay okay so the" }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4623.78, "end": 4681.37, "time_label": "1:17:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "get you get a lot of interesting psychology all right so let's imagine you become Hamlet and you become Othello and you were in the circumstance where your father has come and told and give you a mission to go kill your..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "kind": "answer", "summary": "Jiang closes the Othello answer by restating that Othello is a human jealousy story about achievement rather than a racial story, then announces the next class on the American Revolution.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang lecture voice", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4681.37, "end": 4703.31, "time_label": "1:18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's Othello right that's a human thing it's not a racial thing it's not because he's black I mean it's because he's such a accomplished individual does that make sense all right great okay so next class we do the Ame..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "speaker_notes": [ { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0008" ], "note": "Continuous Jiang monologue; the end contains a lecturer prompt for questions, not a captured audience question.", "suggested_speaker": "Jiang", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "segment_id": "seg-0001", "start": 0, "end": 80.544, "time_label": "0:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay, good morning. So this class we are focusing on William Shakespeare. But before I do that, I want to give you an overview of how we will end the course. To end the course, we will focus on the four great modern civ..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0008", "segment_id": "seg-0008", "start": 476.95, "end": 544.467, "time_label": "7:56", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "So next class, we'll discuss America in greater detail. Today, we will focus on the British Empire, which is founded by William Shakespeare. So we will discuss William Shakespeare today. Next week, we'll start to focus..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016" ], "note": "Continuous Jiang lecture; rhetorical questions are lecture prompts rather than audience questions.", "suggested_speaker": "Jiang", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "segment_id": "seg-0009", "start": 544.467, "end": 613.56, "time_label": "9:04", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But understand the overall framework is there are four different civilizations that will drive human modernity. And they are in conflict with each other. And it's because of this conflict that drives human innovation. O..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "segment_id": "seg-0016", "start": 1007.85, "end": 1080.64, "time_label": "16:47", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "he finds new ways of using it in his plays that forces us to reimagine the world in a different way, all right? That's the power of Shakespeare. Now, what this is saying is this. What Shakespeare understands is that lan..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0024" ], "note": "Jiang alternates lecture explanation and quoted Shakespeare; no audience question is captured in these focus refs.", "suggested_speaker": "Jiang", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "segment_id": "seg-0017", "start": 1081.5, "end": 1148.172, "time_label": "18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "When people spoke Shakespeare, it was as though they were singing. And also, there were lots of, like, dance routines within the plays as well. Remember, these are people who are extremely ordinary, OK? Who are going to..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0024", "segment_id": "seg-0024", "start": 1540.5, "end": 1598.32, "time_label": "25:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "With this regard, their currents turn awry and lose the name of action. Okay. So some brief comments about the soliloquy. First of all, as you can understand, it's beautiful. Right? It's also, if you think about it, pre..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0032" ], "note": "Continuous Jiang explanation with classroom comprehension prompts; no substantive student question appears.", "suggested_speaker": "Jiang", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "segment_id": "seg-0025", "start": 1598.48, "end": 1648.33, "time_label": "26:38", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay? The fact of the matter is that in England, you're expected to read and know Shakespeare. Right? So it's Shakespeare that allows the British to have amazing English. All right. So this is very complicated. But it's..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0032", "segment_id": "seg-0032", "start": 1988.44, "end": 2052.212, "time_label": "33:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They're worried that he'll become king. So they plot to kill him. And Brutus and Cassius and all the conspirators kill Julius Caesar. And then Brutus and Cassius think this is over. Okay? But Mark Anthony, who is Caesar..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0040" ], "note": "Jiang quotes Shakespeare and then resumes lecture explanation; classroom prompts are not captured as substantive questions.", "suggested_speaker": "Jiang", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "segment_id": "seg-0033", "start": 2052.212, "end": 2109.49, "time_label": "34:12", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Brutus will be the first to give a speech. And then he'll be followed by Mark Anthony. So the strategy of Brutus is to use a rhetorical strategy called the antithesis. Okay? The antithesis is basically very simple. You..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0040", "segment_id": "seg-0040", "start": 2474.49, "end": 2525.57, "time_label": "41:14", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Democratic sensibilities. This is really important. Okay? Homer was talking to ordinary people. Shakespeare was talking to ordinary people. The problem with today's culture is there's a lot of market differentiation whe..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047" ], "note": "Jiang reads Keats's 'To Autumn' and interprets it; the quoted poem should be distinguished from Jiang's claims.", "suggested_speaker": "Jiang quoting Keats", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "segment_id": "seg-0045", "start": 2775.6, "end": 2840.04, "time_label": "46:15", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "And this is from his most famous poem, To Autumn, which is considered the greatest English poem of all time. All right, so let's read it together, and then I'll show you how this is a reality onto itself. Where are the..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "segment_id": "seg-0047", "start": 2913.09, "end": 2995.86, "time_label": "48:33", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It is activating all your emotions, all your senses. There's the visual, okay? There's a sound, there's a smell, there's a touch. And gathering swallows twitter in the sky. Okay? That's what poetry is. Poetry is the exp..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0053", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0054" ], "note": "Diarization around the student question is noisy; Jiang restates the question before answering.", "suggested_speaker": "student question restated by Jiang", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0053", "segment_id": "seg-0053", "start": 3335.89, "end": 3375.92, "time_label": "55:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_02", "excerpt": "okay yeah so okay so the question is what is like like so Shakespeare's is" }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "segment_id": "seg-0054", "start": 3375.92, "end": 3440.57, "time_label": "56:15", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "played off is performed all the time and you are forced to read Shakespeare in school so where is where do we get these place from okay so let me explain to you what's happening all right okay so Shakespeare's place all..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0061" ], "note": "Jiang names students and restates their questions; the original student audio is mostly not separately transcribed.", "suggested_speaker": "Jiang restating student questions", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3640.71, "end": 3727.99, "time_label": "1:00:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "figure out what was shakespeare's original intention and i mean shakespeare think of him as a musician okay he's i mean like he's trying to um sing beauty and truth but a lot of it is not intentional a lot of it's not c..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "segment_id": "seg-0061", "start": 3863.46, "end": 3992.33, "time_label": "1:04:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "right okay but we'll discuss this when we enter the age of imperialism which is towards the 19th century and and then this will lead us into the great wars world uh world war one and world war two okay all right any mor..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0070" ], "note": "Segment appears to contain the tail of a student question or cross-talk; Jiang restates the question in seg-0071.", "suggested_speaker": "student or transitional audio", "confidence": "low", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "segment_id": "seg-0070", "start": 4525.51, "end": 4554.69, "time_label": "1:15:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "might be different from what you've been taught in class okay okay so the" } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "note": "Short closing segment by Jiang; no audience question is captured inside the focus ref.", "suggested_speaker": "Jiang", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4681.37, "end": 4703.31, "time_label": "1:18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's Othello right that's a human thing it's not a racial thing it's not because he's black I mean it's because he's such a accomplished individual does that make sense all right great okay so next class we do the Ame..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "claims": [ { "claim": "Jiang models modernity as a struggle among four civilizations, each claiming Christian and Roman inheritance but interpreting both through different geography and culture.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0003" ], "temporal_scope": "Framework stated in a lecture published 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "modern-civilizations", "christianity", "rome" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "segment_id": "seg-0001", "start": 0, "end": 80.544, "time_label": "0:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay, good morning. So this class we are focusing on William Shakespeare. But before I do that, I want to give you an overview of how we will end the course. To end the course, we will focus on the four great modern civ..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0003", "segment_id": "seg-0003", "start": 145.39, "end": 222.22, "time_label": "2:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "to the Holy Roman Empire, first by Charlemagne and as such they are more Catholic than the Russians okay then you have the British who believe they are here's to the real Roman Empire and their religion is Anglianism ok..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Russia is defined by vast, cold geography and a dark imagination tied to Eastern Orthodoxy, Mother Russia, border defense, and geopolitical genius.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0002", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0005" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical-cultural diagnosis stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "russia", "eastern-orthodoxy", "geography" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0002", "segment_id": "seg-0002", "start": 80.544, "end": 145.39, "time_label": "1:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It is always being attacked and threatened by adversaries. Okay, the British, it's an island fortress. The Americans are the most interesting because it is a continental fortress. It is not only invincible, it cannot be..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0005", "segment_id": "seg-0005", "start": 282.68, "end": 348.1, "time_label": "4:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "of all Russian geopolitical leaders is to protect its borders from enemies because Russia is so huge and encompasses two continents, it has a lot of geopolitical enemies. Okay? civilization, when we move to the Germans,..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Germany is framed through will to power and living space: vulnerability inside Europe produces a drive to colonize surrounding territory and make it German.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0005", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0006" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical-cultural diagnosis stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "germany", "will-to-power", "living-space" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0005", "segment_id": "seg-0005", "start": 282.68, "end": 348.1, "time_label": "4:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "of all Russian geopolitical leaders is to protect its borders from enemies because Russia is so huge and encompasses two continents, it has a lot of geopolitical enemies. Okay? civilization, when we move to the Germans,..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "segment_id": "seg-0006", "start": 348.26, "end": 404.28, "time_label": "5:48", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "The concept is called living space. So throughout its history, the German people have always been invaded, attacked by its adversaries. So to protect itself, it needs living space. It needs to move out and colonize its..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Britain is introduced as practical, empiricist, utilitarian, and imperial; America is introduced as a continental fortress whose Manifest Destiny imagines divine control of the Western Hemisphere.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0007" ], "temporal_scope": "Comparative civilizational model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "britain", "america", "manifest-destiny" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "segment_id": "seg-0006", "start": 348.26, "end": 404.28, "time_label": "5:48", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "The concept is called living space. So throughout its history, the German people have always been invaded, attacked by its adversaries. So to protect itself, it needs living space. It needs to move out and colonize its..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0007", "segment_id": "seg-0007", "start": 404.28, "end": 475.85, "time_label": "6:44", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that the British culture is inherently superior to all other cultures, and as such, the British have a responsibility to go out and civilize and educate, and enlighten all others, okay. So this is the philosophy that dr..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "English is not just grammar and vocabulary; learning English means absorbing Anglo-American culture, philosophy, and identity through soft power.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010" ], "temporal_scope": "Language-civilization model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "english", "soft-power", "anglo-american-culture" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "segment_id": "seg-0009", "start": 544.467, "end": 613.56, "time_label": "9:04", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But understand the overall framework is there are four different civilizations that will drive human modernity. And they are in conflict with each other. And it's because of this conflict that drives human innovation. O..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "segment_id": "seg-0010", "start": 613.6, "end": 678.68, "time_label": "10:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "When objectively speaking, it is not. You can make the argument that Russian and German culture is far superior to Anglo -American culture. But everyone, especially young people in the world today, believes that Anglo -..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Great art changes society by entering collective consciousness and rewiring how people see and behave.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0011" ], "temporal_scope": "Aesthetic-civilizational model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "great-art", "collective-consciousness", "neurological-rewiring" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "segment_id": "seg-0010", "start": 613.6, "end": 678.68, "time_label": "10:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "When objectively speaking, it is not. You can make the argument that Russian and German culture is far superior to Anglo -American culture. But everyone, especially young people in the world today, believes that Anglo -..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "segment_id": "seg-0011", "start": 678.68, "end": 755.38, "time_label": "11:18", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "rewires the brain to make the civilization see the world in a new way, which causes people to behave differently, OK? So we discussed this about Homer and Dante, right? Especially Homer and Dante. Today I'll show you ho..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare established English cultural identity and historical memory by innovating in imagery, grammar, vocabulary, and new uses of words.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0013" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical-literary claim stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "shakespeare", "english-identity", "diction" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "segment_id": "seg-0011", "start": 678.68, "end": 755.38, "time_label": "11:18", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "rewires the brain to make the civilization see the world in a new way, which causes people to behave differently, OK? So we discussed this about Homer and Dante, right? Especially Homer and Dante. Today I'll show you ho..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "segment_id": "seg-0013", "start": 823.2, "end": 894.85, "time_label": "13:43", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "new words are being introduced into England because of revolutions in agriculture, in trade, in communication, in technology, OK? So at this point in history, England is going out into the world and it's transforming it..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare's diction makes ordinary words into tools of perception: changing how a word is used can change how the mind imagines reality.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "diction", "metaphor", "language-as-surgery" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "segment_id": "seg-0013", "start": 823.2, "end": 894.85, "time_label": "13:43", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "new words are being introduced into England because of revolutions in agriculture, in trade, in communication, in technology, OK? So at this point in history, England is going out into the world and it's transforming it..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "segment_id": "seg-0016", "start": 1007.85, "end": 1080.64, "time_label": "16:47", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "he finds new ways of using it in his plays that forces us to reimagine the world in a different way, all right? That's the power of Shakespeare. Now, what this is saying is this. What Shakespeare understands is that lan..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare was experienced as performance and music by ordinary audiences, not primarily as a school text.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0018" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical-literary model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "shakespeare", "performance", "iambic-pentameter" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "segment_id": "seg-0017", "start": 1081.5, "end": 1148.172, "time_label": "18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "When people spoke Shakespeare, it was as though they were singing. And also, there were lots of, like, dance routines within the plays as well. Remember, these are people who are extremely ordinary, OK? Who are going to..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "segment_id": "seg-0018", "start": 1148.172, "end": 1221.98, "time_label": "19:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But if it's musical, then it's easy to remember because it becomes like a song, right? It's really easy for us to remember songs. So, flat iambic pentameter, Shakespeare's plays are memorable, beautiful, and resonant, m..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Theatre in Shakespeare's England was both mass entertainment and mass education, which made it politically dangerous enough for elite suspicion and Puritan prohibition.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0021" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical interpretation stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "theatre", "mass-education", "puritans" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "segment_id": "seg-0018", "start": 1148.172, "end": 1221.98, "time_label": "19:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But if it's musical, then it's easy to remember because it becomes like a song, right? It's really easy for us to remember songs. So, flat iambic pentameter, Shakespeare's plays are memorable, beautiful, and resonant, m..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "segment_id": "seg-0021", "start": 1350.64, "end": 1412.1, "time_label": "22:30", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They hate alcohol, they hate fun, they hate theatre, especially theatre. They hate Shakespeare. So they banned it. So during this time, Shakespeare is extremely controversial. So having gone into history, let's discuss..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare did not invent the plots of Hamlet, Julius Caesar, Othello, or King Lear; his genius was reimagining characters and diction inside inherited theatrical material.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0021" ], "temporal_scope": "Literary interpretation stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "shakespeare", "theatrical-imagination", "character" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "segment_id": "seg-0019", "start": 1222.54, "end": 1284.51, "time_label": "20:22", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "So what they do is, they force all the theatre productions to be placed in the suburb of London. And that's where Shakespeare is going to work. By doing that, Shakespeare is being introduced to all the major theatre of..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "segment_id": "seg-0021", "start": 1350.64, "end": 1412.1, "time_label": "22:30", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They hate alcohol, they hate fun, they hate theatre, especially theatre. They hate Shakespeare. So they banned it. So during this time, Shakespeare is extremely controversial. So having gone into history, let's discuss..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare gives English fluency to the British because the culture expects readers to know and recite him.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0024", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0025" ], "temporal_scope": "Language-culture claim stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "english", "shakespeare", "fluency" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0024", "segment_id": "seg-0024", "start": 1540.5, "end": 1598.32, "time_label": "25:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "With this regard, their currents turn awry and lose the name of action. Okay. So some brief comments about the soliloquy. First of all, as you can understand, it's beautiful. Right? It's also, if you think about it, pre..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "segment_id": "seg-0025", "start": 1598.48, "end": 1648.33, "time_label": "26:38", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay? The fact of the matter is that in England, you're expected to read and know Shakespeare. Right? So it's Shakespeare that allows the British to have amazing English. All right. So this is very complicated. But it's..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "'To be or not to be' can mean life versus death, killing versus not killing, fate versus defiance, and the point of existence all at once.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0027", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "hamlet", "layered-meaning", "interpretation" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0027", "segment_id": "seg-0027", "start": 1702.06, "end": 1748.34, "time_label": "28:22", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Let's look at the first possible interpretation of to be or not to be. Okay? You can say it means to die or to live. I cannot decide. I do not know if it's more brave to live a painful life or to run away from it and es..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "segment_id": "seg-0029", "start": 1802.78, "end": 1861.66, "time_label": "30:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Should we suffer or should we fight? Okay? So this is the deepest meaning where he's actually asking what is existence? What is the point of all this? How do we get here? What is the purpose of existence? Okay? So there..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare's visual language lets oral audiences see images in their heads, making speeches memorable and psychologically forceful.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031" ], "temporal_scope": "Aesthetic model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "visual-language", "oral-culture", "memory" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "segment_id": "seg-0029", "start": 1802.78, "end": 1861.66, "time_label": "30:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Should we suffer or should we fight? Okay? So this is the deepest meaning where he's actually asking what is existence? What is the point of all this? How do we get here? What is the purpose of existence? Okay? So there..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "segment_id": "seg-0031", "start": 1921.9, "end": 1988.44, "time_label": "32:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "how something that is clear to us, once we think about it, becomes very dark and unclear. All right? So that's the power of Shakespeare. It's a visual language. All right. Another example. Enterprise of great pivot mome..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "In Julius Caesar, Shakespeare shows speech making as brain surgery: rhetoric can transform the neurological structure of an audience.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0032" ], "temporal_scope": "Rhetorical model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "julius-caesar", "rhetoric", "neurological-structure" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "segment_id": "seg-0031", "start": 1921.9, "end": 1988.44, "time_label": "32:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "how something that is clear to us, once we think about it, becomes very dark and unclear. All right? So that's the power of Shakespeare. It's a visual language. All right. Another example. Enterprise of great pivot mome..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0032", "segment_id": "seg-0032", "start": 1988.44, "end": 2052.212, "time_label": "33:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They're worried that he'll become king. So they plot to kill him. And Brutus and Cassius and all the conspirators kill Julius Caesar. And then Brutus and Cassius think this is over. Okay? But Mark Anthony, who is Caesar..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Brutus uses antithesis to separate honorable Brutus from ambitious Caesar; Antony uses chiasmus to collapse that separation and make Brutus look more ambitious.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0036" ], "temporal_scope": "Rhetorical interpretation stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "julius-caesar", "antithesis", "chiasmus" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "segment_id": "seg-0033", "start": 2052.212, "end": 2109.49, "time_label": "34:12", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Brutus will be the first to give a speech. And then he'll be followed by Mark Anthony. So the strategy of Brutus is to use a rhetorical strategy called the antithesis. Okay? The antithesis is basically very simple. You..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "segment_id": "seg-0036", "start": 2222.54, "end": 2279.99, "time_label": "37:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "If Caesar is dead, we will continue to live as free men. Okay? Two exclusionary ideas developed by Brutus. Now, what Mark Anthony says, what he's going to do is, he's going to collapse this. Okay? He's going to change y..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare's rhetoric makes the British imagination more open and fluid, allowing it to absorb new ideas and innovate.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0037" ], "temporal_scope": "Civilizational model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "shakespeare", "british-imagination", "innovation" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0037", "segment_id": "seg-0037", "start": 2280.25, "end": 2342.72, "time_label": "38:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "O masters, if I were disposed to stir your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage, I should do Brutus wrong and Cassius wrong. Who, you all know, are honorable men. I will not do them wrong. I rather choose to wrong the de..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Homer and Shakespeare both founded great civilizations because they appeared in moments of cultural blank slate, rapid change, oral memory, open competition, democratic audience contact, and market feedback.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0040" ], "temporal_scope": "Comparative model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "homer", "shakespeare", "civilizational-founders" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "segment_id": "seg-0038", "start": 2343.16, "end": 2412.05, "time_label": "39:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay? Now, as we discussed way back at the beginning of this course, Homer did the same thing. So let's compare Homer and Shakespeare. How was it able that they were both able to be founders of great civilizations? All..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0040", "segment_id": "seg-0040", "start": 2474.49, "end": 2525.57, "time_label": "41:14", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Democratic sensibilities. This is really important. Okay? Homer was talking to ordinary people. Shakespeare was talking to ordinary people. The problem with today's culture is there's a lot of market differentiation whe..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Great artists such as Homer and Shakespeare are driven by a messianic mission to transform the world, not finally by money, power, or fame.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0042" ], "temporal_scope": "Model of artistic motivation stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "poet-as-prophet", "messianic-mission", "great-art" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "segment_id": "seg-0041", "start": 2526.07, "end": 2585.02, "time_label": "42:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Right? And it turned out that because of the free market and open corporate competition Shakespeare proved to be the best. Okay? And the last idea is poet as prophet. Okay? This is a really important idea where okay yes..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "segment_id": "seg-0042", "start": 2585.26, "end": 2649.42, "time_label": "43:05", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They were driven by a divine messianic mission to transform the world. Does that make sense guys? This is really important to understand. Great artists are driven by um a messianic mission to change the world for the be..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Homer, Dante, and Shakespeare each democratized language: Homer sang to ordinary people, Dante wrote in Tuscan, and Shakespeare performed for ordinary audiences.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0043" ], "temporal_scope": "Comparative literary history stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "homer", "dante", "shakespeare", "democratic-language" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "segment_id": "seg-0042", "start": 2585.26, "end": 2649.42, "time_label": "43:05", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They were driven by a divine messianic mission to transform the world. Does that make sense guys? This is really important to understand. Great artists are driven by um a messianic mission to change the world for the be..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "segment_id": "seg-0043", "start": 2649.42, "end": 2715.41, "time_label": "44:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "was the language of the educated elite but in the vernacular in Tuscan so that ordinary people could access it. And by doing so he transformed Tuscan into the official Italian language that is spoken today. Um Shakespea..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Homer treats language as a window into the human soul, Dante as a portal into God's mind, and Shakespeare as a reality unto itself.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0044" ], "temporal_scope": "Comparative poetics stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "language", "homer", "dante", "shakespeare" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "segment_id": "seg-0043", "start": 2649.42, "end": 2715.41, "time_label": "44:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "was the language of the educated elite but in the vernacular in Tuscan so that ordinary people could access it. And by doing so he transformed Tuscan into the official Italian language that is spoken today. Um Shakespea..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "segment_id": "seg-0044", "start": 2715.71, "end": 2774.79, "time_label": "45:15", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "How did God create the universe? What does God want from us? Okay, that's a Levine comedy. Shakespeare is very different, okay? Shakespeare creates a new idea of language as a reality onto itself, all right? A reality o..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare turns English into a linguistic internet where cultures and ideas meet, but the exchange is mediated through utilitarian, skeptical, empirical Anglo-American civilization.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ], "temporal_scope": "Language-civilization model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "english", "linguistic-internet", "anglo-american-culture" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "segment_id": "seg-0047", "start": 2913.09, "end": 2995.86, "time_label": "48:33", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It is activating all your emotions, all your senses. There's the visual, okay? There's a sound, there's a smell, there's a touch. And gathering swallows twitter in the sky. Okay? That's what poetry is. Poetry is the exp..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "segment_id": "seg-0048", "start": 2997.01, "end": 3068.33, "time_label": "49:57", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "the first time, all cultures are able to meet together within the English language and communicate with each other. Okay? There's a problem with this. There's a problem with this. The problem is this. But this exchange..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang judges Anglo-American culture, despite global dominance, as practical, narrow-minded, and less artistically or philosophically impressive than Russian, German, Homeric, Virgilian, and Dantean traditions.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0051" ], "temporal_scope": "Normative cultural judgment stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "anglo-american-culture", "cultural-judgment", "paradise-lost" ], "claim_type": "normative", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "segment_id": "seg-0049", "start": 3068.33, "end": 3139.85, "time_label": "51:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "-American culture, even though it dominates the world, it's pretty lackluster. It's very narrow -minded. It's very practical. It's pretty mediocre. Okay? And if you want to know what I mean by that, think about, think t..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "segment_id": "seg-0051", "start": 3200.95, "end": 3274.82, "time_label": "53:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Why did Adam and Eve eat that forbidden fruit, and why were we banished from the Garden of Eden? And look, it's 12 books. It's 12 books. Which is a model of the great epics of integrity, Homer and Virgil. And there are..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare is great but, in Jiang's current view, less impressive than Homer and Dante because Shakespeare offers beautiful language more than deep metaphysical truth.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0050" ], "temporal_scope": "Current assessment in a lecture published 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "shakespeare", "homer", "dante", "pretty-nothingness" ], "claim_type": "normative", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "segment_id": "seg-0049", "start": 3068.33, "end": 3139.85, "time_label": "51:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "-American culture, even though it dominates the world, it's pretty lackluster. It's very narrow -minded. It's very practical. It's pretty mediocre. Okay? And if you want to know what I mean by that, think about, think t..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "segment_id": "seg-0050", "start": 3139.85, "end": 3200.95, "time_label": "52:19", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But with Shakespeare, you're like, this is beautiful, but is it a pretty nothingness? Okay? That's a question I have. And again, to be fair, it's been a long time since I actually read Shakespeare. I've read most of his..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare's plays survive because friends and actors assembled posthumous texts from notes and memory in the First Folio after a performance-centered culture did not incentivize publication.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical explanation stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "first-folio", "actor-memory", "publication" ], "claim_type": "evidence", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "segment_id": "seg-0054", "start": 3375.92, "end": 3440.57, "time_label": "56:15", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "played off is performed all the time and you are forced to read Shakespeare in school so where is where do we get these place from okay so let me explain to you what's happening all right okay so Shakespeare's place all..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "segment_id": "seg-0056", "start": 3506.82, "end": 3579.18, "time_label": "58:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Shakespeare was so after his death his friends and I don't know their names okay but his friends want to remember him they want to memorize him okay so they start to publish his place it's something called the first fol..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Textual disputes over individual Shakespeare words miss the point because Shakespeare's genius is fluid, flexible, imaginative language rather than a single fixed philological intention.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive position stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "shakespeare-scholarship", "wordplay", "original-intention" ], "claim_type": "normative", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "segment_id": "seg-0057", "start": 3579.18, "end": 3640.71, "time_label": "59:39", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "or was it a later addition okay and I mean it's a really silly thing to do because as I explain to you the genius of Shakespeare was to imagine language as it's very fluid flexible imaginative tool and when it comes to�..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3640.71, "end": 3727.99, "time_label": "1:00:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "figure out what was shakespeare's original intention and i mean shakespeare think of him as a musician okay he's i mean like he's trying to um sing beauty and truth but a lot of it is not intentional a lot of it's not c..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare himself was provincial rather than imperialist, but his legacy was co-opted by British imperialists to justify colonization as civilizing education.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical interpretation stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "white-mans-burden", "imperialism", "shakespeare" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3640.71, "end": 3727.99, "time_label": "1:00:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "figure out what was shakespeare's original intention and i mean shakespeare think of him as a musician okay he's i mean like he's trying to um sing beauty and truth but a lot of it is not intentional a lot of it's not c..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "segment_id": "seg-0060", "start": 3797.56, "end": 3863.46, "time_label": "1:03:17", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "and this is why shakespeare is important because shakespeare allows him to say well do you have a shakespeare do you have do you have like 38 to 41 that are beautifully written well if you don't then that means you're n..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare's distinctiveness comes from stealing plots from a competitive theatre market, then adding character empathy, fluid language, realism, and psychology.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0062" ], "temporal_scope": "Literary model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "plot-theft", "character", "psychology" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "segment_id": "seg-0061", "start": 3863.46, "end": 3992.33, "time_label": "1:04:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "right okay but we'll discuss this when we enter the age of imperialism which is towards the 19th century and and then this will lead us into the great wars world uh world war one and world war two okay all right any mor..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "segment_id": "seg-0062", "start": 3992.33, "end": 4068.33, "time_label": "1:06:32", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "and so the question is So, he was stealing it from everyone, okay? Remember, this is a huge market for theater. There are dozens and dozens of really talented playwrights in London, in England, who are producing wonderf..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang argues that Othello should be read primarily as a human psychological tragedy, not primarily through contemporary race, culture, and identity categories.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0064" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive position stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "othello", "psychology", "race-identity" ], "claim_type": "normative", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "segment_id": "seg-0063", "start": 4072.82, "end": 4147.93, "time_label": "1:07:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "So, when you look at Othello, he's asking himself, why is it that a man who loves his wife, what could drive him to kill his wife, okay? That's the question he's asking. he doesn't see Othello as a black person in a for..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0064", "segment_id": "seg-0064", "start": 4147.93, "end": 4203.95, "time_label": "1:09:07", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "or the Germans they hate but but you know what they cared about each other and they hated each other remember the main conflict in England at this point is the comic between the Catholics and the Protestants okay so the..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Othello is best understood as a Greek tragedy about hubris, arrogance, fate, jealousy, and human vulnerability rather than as primarily a racial issue.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive position stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "othello", "greek-tragedy", "human-psychology" ], "claim_type": "normative", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "segment_id": "seg-0065", "start": 4203.95, "end": 4267.9, "time_label": "1:10:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "is it possible that in insurance in certain circumstances this can be used against him and that's the that's the plot of Othello which makes it a Greek tragedy right the Greeks could work it's about hubris arrogance fat..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4623.78, "end": 4681.37, "time_label": "1:17:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "get you get a lot of interesting psychology all right so let's imagine you become Hamlet and you become Othello and you were in the circumstance where your father has come and told and give you a mission to go kill your..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare's lack of elite education helped him observe people without elite prejudice and see common people as equal reflections of his own psychology.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "education", "empathy", "psychology" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "segment_id": "seg-0066", "start": 4282.46, "end": 4343.67, "time_label": "1:11:22", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's a great question how is Shakespeare able to focus on human psychology given the fact that he's not well educated okay I will make the argument it is precisely because he's not well educated that he focused on hum..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "segment_id": "seg-0068", "start": 4420.45, "end": 4479.64, "time_label": "1:13:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "something that I've observed I'm you're much better off talking to an individual who has a passion for history and who spent his entire life asking himself what is history but never really got a formal education never g..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Elite universities can train rigid thinking that inhibits empathy, curiosity, and psychological understanding; passionate self-taught historians may understand history better than credentialed academics.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068" ], "temporal_scope": "Personal diagnosis stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "elite-education", "self-taught-knowledge", "empathy" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "segment_id": "seg-0067", "start": 4343.67, "end": 4419.13, "time_label": "1:12:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "able to have tremendous empathy for other people, and therefore he's able to understand their psychology and his own psychology, all right? He's able to see people as a reflection of his own psychology, and that's what..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "segment_id": "seg-0068", "start": 4420.45, "end": 4479.64, "time_label": "1:13:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "something that I've observed I'm you're much better off talking to an individual who has a passion for history and who spent his entire life asking himself what is history but never really got a formal education never g..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare develops themes by combining known legends with direct observation of actors, audiences, customers, and human emotional diversity.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ], "temporal_scope": "Literary method model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "shakespeare", "theme-development", "observation" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4554.69, "end": 4623.78, "time_label": "1:15:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "question is how does Shakespeare develop his themes okay so so Othello sorry so Othello Hamlet King Lear Shakespeare all these plays are well -known stories okay there's many well -known stories but Shakespeare he is cu..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4623.78, "end": 4681.37, "time_label": "1:17:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "get you get a lot of interesting psychology all right so let's imagine you become Hamlet and you become Othello and you were in the circumstance where your father has come and told and give you a mission to go kill your..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang closes by insisting Othello is a human drama of achievement provoking jealousy, not a story whose core cause is racial identity.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive position stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "othello", "jealousy", "achievement" ], "claim_type": "normative", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4681.37, "end": 4703.31, "time_label": "1:18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's Othello right that's a human thing it's not a racial thing it's not because he's black I mean it's because he's such a accomplished individual does that make sense all right great okay so next class we do the Ame..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "The next lecture is announced as the American Revolution, continuing the course sequence from Britain into America.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "temporal_scope": "Course chronology stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "course-sequence", "american-revolution" ], "claim_type": "evidence", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4681.37, "end": 4703.31, "time_label": "1:18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's Othello right that's a human thing it's not a racial thing it's not because he's black I mean it's because he's such a accomplished individual does that make sense all right great okay so next class we do the Ame..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "signature_moments": [ { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0008" ], "moment": "The lecture makes Shakespeare the founder of the British Empire, not merely its national poet.", "source_phrase": "the British Empire, which is founded by William Shakespeare", "why_it_matters": "It turns literary language into imperial infrastructure.", "tone": "provocation", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0008", "segment_id": "seg-0008", "start": 476.95, "end": 544.467, "time_label": "7:56", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "So next class, we'll discuss America in greater detail. Today, we will focus on the British Empire, which is founded by William Shakespeare. So we will discuss William Shakespeare today. Next week, we'll start to focus..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0008" ], "moment": "Civilizational conflict becomes the engine of science, philosophy, creativity, and the cultural flowering from 1800 to 2000.", "source_phrase": "conflict between these four great civilizations that will drive human creativity", "why_it_matters": "It preserves Jiang's larger course map: competition generates modern culture.", "tone": "causal-chain", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0008", "segment_id": "seg-0008", "start": 476.95, "end": 544.467, "time_label": "7:56", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "So next class, we'll discuss America in greater detail. Today, we will focus on the British Empire, which is founded by William Shakespeare. So we will discuss William Shakespeare today. Next week, we'll start to focus..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0011" ], "moment": "Great art is described as something that seeps into collective consciousness and rewires civilization's brain.", "source_phrase": "rewires the brain to make the civilization see the world in a new way", "why_it_matters": "This is the lecture's core mechanism for how poetry becomes power.", "tone": "causal-chain", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "segment_id": "seg-0010", "start": 613.6, "end": 678.68, "time_label": "10:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "When objectively speaking, it is not. You can make the argument that Russian and German culture is far superior to Anglo -American culture. But everyone, especially young people in the world today, believes that Anglo -..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "segment_id": "seg-0011", "start": 678.68, "end": 755.38, "time_label": "11:18", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "rewires the brain to make the civilization see the world in a new way, which causes people to behave differently, OK? So we discussed this about Homer and Dante, right? Especially Homer and Dante. Today I'll show you ho..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016" ], "moment": "Language becomes a portal into the neurological framework of the mind, where Shakespeare performs surgery on synapses.", "source_phrase": "perform a sort of surgery on these synapses", "why_it_matters": "It gives the episode a vivid image for linguistic empire: control the words, alter the brain.", "tone": "image", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "segment_id": "seg-0016", "start": 1007.85, "end": 1080.64, "time_label": "16:47", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "he finds new ways of using it in his plays that forces us to reimagine the world in a different way, all right? That's the power of Shakespeare. Now, what this is saying is this. What Shakespeare understands is that lan..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0018" ], "moment": "Iambic pentameter is a surgery on the imagination of civilization.", "source_phrase": "performing a surgery on the imagination of civilization", "why_it_matters": "It ties poetic meter directly to civilizational formation.", "tone": "image", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "segment_id": "seg-0018", "start": 1148.172, "end": 1221.98, "time_label": "19:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But if it's musical, then it's easy to remember because it becomes like a song, right? It's really easy for us to remember songs. So, flat iambic pentameter, Shakespeare's plays are memorable, beautiful, and resonant, m..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0020" ], "moment": "The high-culture Shakespeare of classrooms begins beside drinking, brothels, and bear baiting.", "source_phrase": "Shakespeare's plays are performed right beside bear baiting venues as well as brothels", "why_it_matters": "It reverses the prestige story: mass vulgarity becomes civilizational education.", "tone": "reversal", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "segment_id": "seg-0020", "start": 1284.89, "end": 1350.4, "time_label": "21:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They're also participating in something called, in a gambling activity called bear baiting. Bear baiting is really strange. But the idea is, you take a bear, you chain him up, you blind him, and then you have dogs attac..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0026", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029" ], "moment": "A single Shakespeare line works like a prism: suicide, murder, fate, free will, and existence can all be true at once.", "source_phrase": "four possible interpretations of this speech. And they're all correct", "why_it_matters": "It preserves the lecture's account of Shakespearean complexity without calling it metaphysical depth.", "tone": "definition", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0026", "segment_id": "seg-0026", "start": 1648.55, "end": 1701.13, "time_label": "27:28", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "And that is what frightens me. And that's why I continue to bear the misfortunes around me. It is my own mind that has made me a coward and why each time when I become determined, my resolve breaks apart and I cannot ac..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "segment_id": "seg-0029", "start": 1802.78, "end": 1861.66, "time_label": "30:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Should we suffer or should we fight? Okay? So this is the deepest meaning where he's actually asking what is existence? What is the point of all this? How do we get here? What is the purpose of existence? Okay? So there..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031" ], "moment": "Thinking can wreck the ship of action: a fixed current turns awry once consciousness enters.", "source_phrase": "the moment you think deeply about what you're doing, the ship collapses", "why_it_matters": "It condenses Jiang's Hamlet reading into a vivid psychology of paralysis.", "tone": "image", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "segment_id": "seg-0031", "start": 1921.9, "end": 1988.44, "time_label": "32:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "how something that is clear to us, once we think about it, becomes very dark and unclear. All right? So that's the power of Shakespeare. It's a visual language. All right. Another example. Enterprise of great pivot mome..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0036" ], "moment": "Chiasmus is a rhetorical mirror that collapses Brutus's clean moral opposition.", "source_phrase": "you collapse the antithesis", "why_it_matters": "It makes rhetoric a technology of perception, not ornament.", "tone": "method", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "segment_id": "seg-0034", "start": 2109.77, "end": 2167.76, "time_label": "35:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay? In the human mind, you just see these two things as separate from each other. Mark Anthony then responds to Brutus using something called the chiasmus. Okay? The chiasmus, it's really interesting. The chiasmus tri..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "segment_id": "seg-0036", "start": 2222.54, "end": 2279.99, "time_label": "37:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "If Caesar is dead, we will continue to live as free men. Okay? Two exclusionary ideas developed by Brutus. Now, what Mark Anthony says, what he's going to do is, he's going to collapse this. Okay? He's going to change y..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0039" ], "moment": "Google and ChatGPT appear as memory prosthetics that may make modern people less imaginative than oral audiences.", "source_phrase": "all these things are just making us stupid", "why_it_matters": "It gives the lecture a contemporary sting about oral culture and technological dependence.", "tone": "provocation", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0039", "segment_id": "seg-0039", "start": 2412.89, "end": 2473.28, "time_label": "40:12", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "That's why they're able to sit through three hours of Shakespeare at one go and visualize his language. And this is like the most common person in Britain. Okay? These are not the elite. These are just commoners. And so..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0042" ], "moment": "The great poet is a prophet because he carries a divine mission to spread truth and change the world.", "source_phrase": "a divine messianic mission to transform the world", "why_it_matters": "It gives artistic creation religious and civilizational stakes.", "tone": "definition", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "segment_id": "seg-0042", "start": 2585.26, "end": 2649.42, "time_label": "43:05", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They were driven by a divine messianic mission to transform the world. Does that make sense guys? This is really important to understand. Great artists are driven by um a messianic mission to change the world for the be..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047" ], "moment": "Poetry enters the soul, activates every sense, and opens a world the reader can enter.", "source_phrase": "poetry is the expression of a new world that you can access", "why_it_matters": "It is the episode's strongest description of poetry as world-making.", "tone": "image", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "segment_id": "seg-0047", "start": 2913.09, "end": 2995.86, "time_label": "48:33", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It is activating all your emotions, all your senses. There's the visual, okay? There's a sound, there's a smell, there's a touch. And gathering swallows twitter in the sky. Okay? That's what poetry is. Poetry is the exp..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047" ], "moment": "English becomes the world's linguistic internet.", "source_phrase": "the world's linguistic internet", "why_it_matters": "This is the compact phrase that connects Shakespeare to empire and globalization.", "tone": "metaphor", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "segment_id": "seg-0047", "start": 2913.09, "end": 2995.86, "time_label": "48:33", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It is activating all your emotions, all your senses. There's the visual, okay? There's a sound, there's a smell, there's a touch. And gathering swallows twitter in the sky. Okay? That's what poetry is. Poetry is the exp..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0050" ], "moment": "Shakespeare is beautiful, but Jiang wonders whether it is a pretty nothingness.", "source_phrase": "is it a pretty nothingness?", "why_it_matters": "It keeps the episode from becoming simple Shakespeare praise; the lecture admires him while doubting his depth.", "tone": "question", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "segment_id": "seg-0050", "start": 3139.85, "end": 3200.95, "time_label": "52:19", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But with Shakespeare, you're like, this is beautiful, but is it a pretty nothingness? Okay? That's a question I have. And again, to be fair, it's been a long time since I actually read Shakespeare. I've read most of his..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056" ], "moment": "The monument of Shakespeare is partly built from actors' memories and incomplete notes.", "source_phrase": "they also got the actors to basically write down what they remember", "why_it_matters": "It links oral memory back to the survival of English's foundational texts.", "tone": "image", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "segment_id": "seg-0056", "start": 3506.82, "end": 3579.18, "time_label": "58:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Shakespeare was so after his death his friends and I don't know their names okay but his friends want to remember him they want to memorize him okay so they start to publish his place it's something called the first fol..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060" ], "moment": "Empire uses Shakespeare as a civilizational credential: we have Shakespeare, you do not, so we will educate you.", "source_phrase": "we have Shakespeare you don't have Shakespeare that means we're superior to you", "why_it_matters": "This is the lecture's clearest mechanism for how literature becomes imperial justification.", "tone": "provocation", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "segment_id": "seg-0060", "start": 3797.56, "end": 3863.46, "time_label": "1:03:17", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "and this is why shakespeare is important because shakespeare allows him to say well do you have a shakespeare do you have do you have like 38 to 41 that are beautifully written well if you don't then that means you're n..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0062" ], "moment": "Shakespeare steals plots, but then enters the minds of characters until inherited legends become psychology.", "source_phrase": "he goes into the mind of his characters", "why_it_matters": "It distinguishes borrowing from genius: the innovation is empathy and realism.", "tone": "reversal", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "segment_id": "seg-0062", "start": 3992.33, "end": 4068.33, "time_label": "1:06:32", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "and so the question is So, he was stealing it from everyone, okay? Remember, this is a huge market for theater. There are dozens and dozens of really talented playwrights in London, in England, who are producing wonderf..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068" ], "moment": "For Shakespeare, truth is not in books but in people.", "source_phrase": "not in books but in people", "why_it_matters": "It condenses Jiang's defense of the unschooled observer as psychological genius.", "tone": "definition", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "segment_id": "seg-0068", "start": 4420.45, "end": 4479.64, "time_label": "1:13:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "something that I've observed I'm you're much better off talking to an individual who has a passion for history and who spent his entire life asking himself what is history but never really got a formal education never g..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071" ], "moment": "Shakespeare turns legends into people he has observed.", "source_phrase": "he turns them into people he's observed", "why_it_matters": "It gives a clean account of Shakespeare's originality: humanization through observation.", "tone": "method", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4554.69, "end": 4623.78, "time_label": "1:15:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "question is how does Shakespeare develop his themes okay so so Othello sorry so Othello Hamlet King Lear Shakespeare all these plays are well -known stories okay there's many well -known stories but Shakespeare he is cu..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "moment": "Othello is reduced to the ordinary violence of envy: people hate the accomplished person because he is accomplished.", "source_phrase": "it's because he's such a accomplished individual", "why_it_matters": "It gives Jiang's final answer its blunt human psychology.", "tone": "reversal", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4681.37, "end": 4703.31, "time_label": "1:18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's Othello right that's a human thing it's not a racial thing it's not because he's black I mean it's because he's such a accomplished individual does that make sense all right great okay so next class we do the Ame..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "predictions": [], "models": [ { "claim": "Jiang models modernity as a struggle among four civilizations, each claiming Christian and Roman inheritance but interpreting both through different geography and culture.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0003" ], "temporal_scope": "Framework stated in a lecture published 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "modern-civilizations", "christianity", "rome" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "segment_id": "seg-0001", "start": 0, "end": 80.544, "time_label": "0:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay, good morning. So this class we are focusing on William Shakespeare. But before I do that, I want to give you an overview of how we will end the course. To end the course, we will focus on the four great modern civ..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0003", "segment_id": "seg-0003", "start": 145.39, "end": 222.22, "time_label": "2:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "to the Holy Roman Empire, first by Charlemagne and as such they are more Catholic than the Russians okay then you have the British who believe they are here's to the real Roman Empire and their religion is Anglianism ok..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Germany is framed through will to power and living space: vulnerability inside Europe produces a drive to colonize surrounding territory and make it German.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0005", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0006" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical-cultural diagnosis stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "germany", "will-to-power", "living-space" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0005", "segment_id": "seg-0005", "start": 282.68, "end": 348.1, "time_label": "4:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "of all Russian geopolitical leaders is to protect its borders from enemies because Russia is so huge and encompasses two continents, it has a lot of geopolitical enemies. Okay? civilization, when we move to the Germans,..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "segment_id": "seg-0006", "start": 348.26, "end": 404.28, "time_label": "5:48", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "The concept is called living space. So throughout its history, the German people have always been invaded, attacked by its adversaries. So to protect itself, it needs living space. It needs to move out and colonize its..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Britain is introduced as practical, empiricist, utilitarian, and imperial; America is introduced as a continental fortress whose Manifest Destiny imagines divine control of the Western Hemisphere.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0007" ], "temporal_scope": "Comparative civilizational model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "britain", "america", "manifest-destiny" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "segment_id": "seg-0006", "start": 348.26, "end": 404.28, "time_label": "5:48", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "The concept is called living space. So throughout its history, the German people have always been invaded, attacked by its adversaries. So to protect itself, it needs living space. It needs to move out and colonize its..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0007", "segment_id": "seg-0007", "start": 404.28, "end": 475.85, "time_label": "6:44", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that the British culture is inherently superior to all other cultures, and as such, the British have a responsibility to go out and civilize and educate, and enlighten all others, okay. So this is the philosophy that dr..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "English is not just grammar and vocabulary; learning English means absorbing Anglo-American culture, philosophy, and identity through soft power.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010" ], "temporal_scope": "Language-civilization model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "english", "soft-power", "anglo-american-culture" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "segment_id": "seg-0009", "start": 544.467, "end": 613.56, "time_label": "9:04", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But understand the overall framework is there are four different civilizations that will drive human modernity. And they are in conflict with each other. And it's because of this conflict that drives human innovation. O..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "segment_id": "seg-0010", "start": 613.6, "end": 678.68, "time_label": "10:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "When objectively speaking, it is not. You can make the argument that Russian and German culture is far superior to Anglo -American culture. But everyone, especially young people in the world today, believes that Anglo -..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Great art changes society by entering collective consciousness and rewiring how people see and behave.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0011" ], "temporal_scope": "Aesthetic-civilizational model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "great-art", "collective-consciousness", "neurological-rewiring" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "segment_id": "seg-0010", "start": 613.6, "end": 678.68, "time_label": "10:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "When objectively speaking, it is not. You can make the argument that Russian and German culture is far superior to Anglo -American culture. But everyone, especially young people in the world today, believes that Anglo -..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "segment_id": "seg-0011", "start": 678.68, "end": 755.38, "time_label": "11:18", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "rewires the brain to make the civilization see the world in a new way, which causes people to behave differently, OK? So we discussed this about Homer and Dante, right? Especially Homer and Dante. Today I'll show you ho..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare established English cultural identity and historical memory by innovating in imagery, grammar, vocabulary, and new uses of words.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0013" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical-literary claim stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "shakespeare", "english-identity", "diction" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "segment_id": "seg-0011", "start": 678.68, "end": 755.38, "time_label": "11:18", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "rewires the brain to make the civilization see the world in a new way, which causes people to behave differently, OK? So we discussed this about Homer and Dante, right? Especially Homer and Dante. Today I'll show you ho..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "segment_id": "seg-0013", "start": 823.2, "end": 894.85, "time_label": "13:43", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "new words are being introduced into England because of revolutions in agriculture, in trade, in communication, in technology, OK? So at this point in history, England is going out into the world and it's transforming it..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare's diction makes ordinary words into tools of perception: changing how a word is used can change how the mind imagines reality.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "diction", "metaphor", "language-as-surgery" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "segment_id": "seg-0013", "start": 823.2, "end": 894.85, "time_label": "13:43", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "new words are being introduced into England because of revolutions in agriculture, in trade, in communication, in technology, OK? So at this point in history, England is going out into the world and it's transforming it..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "segment_id": "seg-0016", "start": 1007.85, "end": 1080.64, "time_label": "16:47", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "he finds new ways of using it in his plays that forces us to reimagine the world in a different way, all right? That's the power of Shakespeare. Now, what this is saying is this. What Shakespeare understands is that lan..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare was experienced as performance and music by ordinary audiences, not primarily as a school text.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0018" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical-literary model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "shakespeare", "performance", "iambic-pentameter" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "segment_id": "seg-0017", "start": 1081.5, "end": 1148.172, "time_label": "18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "When people spoke Shakespeare, it was as though they were singing. And also, there were lots of, like, dance routines within the plays as well. Remember, these are people who are extremely ordinary, OK? Who are going to..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "segment_id": "seg-0018", "start": 1148.172, "end": 1221.98, "time_label": "19:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But if it's musical, then it's easy to remember because it becomes like a song, right? It's really easy for us to remember songs. So, flat iambic pentameter, Shakespeare's plays are memorable, beautiful, and resonant, m..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare did not invent the plots of Hamlet, Julius Caesar, Othello, or King Lear; his genius was reimagining characters and diction inside inherited theatrical material.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0021" ], "temporal_scope": "Literary interpretation stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "shakespeare", "theatrical-imagination", "character" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "segment_id": "seg-0019", "start": 1222.54, "end": 1284.51, "time_label": "20:22", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "So what they do is, they force all the theatre productions to be placed in the suburb of London. And that's where Shakespeare is going to work. By doing that, Shakespeare is being introduced to all the major theatre of..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "segment_id": "seg-0021", "start": 1350.64, "end": 1412.1, "time_label": "22:30", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They hate alcohol, they hate fun, they hate theatre, especially theatre. They hate Shakespeare. So they banned it. So during this time, Shakespeare is extremely controversial. So having gone into history, let's discuss..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "'To be or not to be' can mean life versus death, killing versus not killing, fate versus defiance, and the point of existence all at once.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0027", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "hamlet", "layered-meaning", "interpretation" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0027", "segment_id": "seg-0027", "start": 1702.06, "end": 1748.34, "time_label": "28:22", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Let's look at the first possible interpretation of to be or not to be. Okay? You can say it means to die or to live. I cannot decide. I do not know if it's more brave to live a painful life or to run away from it and es..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "segment_id": "seg-0029", "start": 1802.78, "end": 1861.66, "time_label": "30:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Should we suffer or should we fight? Okay? So this is the deepest meaning where he's actually asking what is existence? What is the point of all this? How do we get here? What is the purpose of existence? Okay? So there..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare's visual language lets oral audiences see images in their heads, making speeches memorable and psychologically forceful.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031" ], "temporal_scope": "Aesthetic model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "visual-language", "oral-culture", "memory" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "segment_id": "seg-0029", "start": 1802.78, "end": 1861.66, "time_label": "30:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Should we suffer or should we fight? Okay? So this is the deepest meaning where he's actually asking what is existence? What is the point of all this? How do we get here? What is the purpose of existence? Okay? So there..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "segment_id": "seg-0031", "start": 1921.9, "end": 1988.44, "time_label": "32:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "how something that is clear to us, once we think about it, becomes very dark and unclear. All right? So that's the power of Shakespeare. It's a visual language. All right. Another example. Enterprise of great pivot mome..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "In Julius Caesar, Shakespeare shows speech making as brain surgery: rhetoric can transform the neurological structure of an audience.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0032" ], "temporal_scope": "Rhetorical model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "julius-caesar", "rhetoric", "neurological-structure" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "segment_id": "seg-0031", "start": 1921.9, "end": 1988.44, "time_label": "32:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "how something that is clear to us, once we think about it, becomes very dark and unclear. All right? So that's the power of Shakespeare. It's a visual language. All right. Another example. Enterprise of great pivot mome..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0032", "segment_id": "seg-0032", "start": 1988.44, "end": 2052.212, "time_label": "33:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They're worried that he'll become king. So they plot to kill him. And Brutus and Cassius and all the conspirators kill Julius Caesar. And then Brutus and Cassius think this is over. Okay? But Mark Anthony, who is Caesar..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Brutus uses antithesis to separate honorable Brutus from ambitious Caesar; Antony uses chiasmus to collapse that separation and make Brutus look more ambitious.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0036" ], "temporal_scope": "Rhetorical interpretation stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "julius-caesar", "antithesis", "chiasmus" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "segment_id": "seg-0033", "start": 2052.212, "end": 2109.49, "time_label": "34:12", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Brutus will be the first to give a speech. And then he'll be followed by Mark Anthony. So the strategy of Brutus is to use a rhetorical strategy called the antithesis. Okay? The antithesis is basically very simple. You..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "segment_id": "seg-0036", "start": 2222.54, "end": 2279.99, "time_label": "37:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "If Caesar is dead, we will continue to live as free men. Okay? Two exclusionary ideas developed by Brutus. Now, what Mark Anthony says, what he's going to do is, he's going to collapse this. Okay? He's going to change y..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare's rhetoric makes the British imagination more open and fluid, allowing it to absorb new ideas and innovate.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0037" ], "temporal_scope": "Civilizational model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "shakespeare", "british-imagination", "innovation" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0037", "segment_id": "seg-0037", "start": 2280.25, "end": 2342.72, "time_label": "38:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "O masters, if I were disposed to stir your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage, I should do Brutus wrong and Cassius wrong. Who, you all know, are honorable men. I will not do them wrong. I rather choose to wrong the de..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Homer and Shakespeare both founded great civilizations because they appeared in moments of cultural blank slate, rapid change, oral memory, open competition, democratic audience contact, and market feedback.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0040" ], "temporal_scope": "Comparative model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "homer", "shakespeare", "civilizational-founders" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "segment_id": "seg-0038", "start": 2343.16, "end": 2412.05, "time_label": "39:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay? Now, as we discussed way back at the beginning of this course, Homer did the same thing. So let's compare Homer and Shakespeare. How was it able that they were both able to be founders of great civilizations? All..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0040", "segment_id": "seg-0040", "start": 2474.49, "end": 2525.57, "time_label": "41:14", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Democratic sensibilities. This is really important. Okay? Homer was talking to ordinary people. Shakespeare was talking to ordinary people. The problem with today's culture is there's a lot of market differentiation whe..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Great artists such as Homer and Shakespeare are driven by a messianic mission to transform the world, not finally by money, power, or fame.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0042" ], "temporal_scope": "Model of artistic motivation stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "poet-as-prophet", "messianic-mission", "great-art" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "segment_id": "seg-0041", "start": 2526.07, "end": 2585.02, "time_label": "42:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Right? And it turned out that because of the free market and open corporate competition Shakespeare proved to be the best. Okay? And the last idea is poet as prophet. Okay? This is a really important idea where okay yes..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "segment_id": "seg-0042", "start": 2585.26, "end": 2649.42, "time_label": "43:05", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They were driven by a divine messianic mission to transform the world. Does that make sense guys? This is really important to understand. Great artists are driven by um a messianic mission to change the world for the be..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Homer, Dante, and Shakespeare each democratized language: Homer sang to ordinary people, Dante wrote in Tuscan, and Shakespeare performed for ordinary audiences.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0043" ], "temporal_scope": "Comparative literary history stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "homer", "dante", "shakespeare", "democratic-language" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "segment_id": "seg-0042", "start": 2585.26, "end": 2649.42, "time_label": "43:05", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They were driven by a divine messianic mission to transform the world. Does that make sense guys? This is really important to understand. Great artists are driven by um a messianic mission to change the world for the be..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "segment_id": "seg-0043", "start": 2649.42, "end": 2715.41, "time_label": "44:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "was the language of the educated elite but in the vernacular in Tuscan so that ordinary people could access it. And by doing so he transformed Tuscan into the official Italian language that is spoken today. Um Shakespea..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Homer treats language as a window into the human soul, Dante as a portal into God's mind, and Shakespeare as a reality unto itself.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0044" ], "temporal_scope": "Comparative poetics stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "language", "homer", "dante", "shakespeare" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "segment_id": "seg-0043", "start": 2649.42, "end": 2715.41, "time_label": "44:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "was the language of the educated elite but in the vernacular in Tuscan so that ordinary people could access it. And by doing so he transformed Tuscan into the official Italian language that is spoken today. Um Shakespea..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "segment_id": "seg-0044", "start": 2715.71, "end": 2774.79, "time_label": "45:15", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "How did God create the universe? What does God want from us? Okay, that's a Levine comedy. Shakespeare is very different, okay? Shakespeare creates a new idea of language as a reality onto itself, all right? A reality o..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare turns English into a linguistic internet where cultures and ideas meet, but the exchange is mediated through utilitarian, skeptical, empirical Anglo-American civilization.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ], "temporal_scope": "Language-civilization model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "english", "linguistic-internet", "anglo-american-culture" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "segment_id": "seg-0047", "start": 2913.09, "end": 2995.86, "time_label": "48:33", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It is activating all your emotions, all your senses. There's the visual, okay? There's a sound, there's a smell, there's a touch. And gathering swallows twitter in the sky. Okay? That's what poetry is. Poetry is the exp..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "segment_id": "seg-0048", "start": 2997.01, "end": 3068.33, "time_label": "49:57", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "the first time, all cultures are able to meet together within the English language and communicate with each other. Okay? There's a problem with this. There's a problem with this. The problem is this. But this exchange..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare's distinctiveness comes from stealing plots from a competitive theatre market, then adding character empathy, fluid language, realism, and psychology.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0062" ], "temporal_scope": "Literary model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "plot-theft", "character", "psychology" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "segment_id": "seg-0061", "start": 3863.46, "end": 3992.33, "time_label": "1:04:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "right okay but we'll discuss this when we enter the age of imperialism which is towards the 19th century and and then this will lead us into the great wars world uh world war one and world war two okay all right any mor..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "segment_id": "seg-0062", "start": 3992.33, "end": 4068.33, "time_label": "1:06:32", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "and so the question is So, he was stealing it from everyone, okay? Remember, this is a huge market for theater. There are dozens and dozens of really talented playwrights in London, in England, who are producing wonderf..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare's lack of elite education helped him observe people without elite prejudice and see common people as equal reflections of his own psychology.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "education", "empathy", "psychology" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "segment_id": "seg-0066", "start": 4282.46, "end": 4343.67, "time_label": "1:11:22", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's a great question how is Shakespeare able to focus on human psychology given the fact that he's not well educated okay I will make the argument it is precisely because he's not well educated that he focused on hum..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "segment_id": "seg-0068", "start": 4420.45, "end": 4479.64, "time_label": "1:13:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "something that I've observed I'm you're much better off talking to an individual who has a passion for history and who spent his entire life asking himself what is history but never really got a formal education never g..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare develops themes by combining known legends with direct observation of actors, audiences, customers, and human emotional diversity.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ], "temporal_scope": "Literary method model stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "shakespeare", "theme-development", "observation" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4554.69, "end": 4623.78, "time_label": "1:15:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "question is how does Shakespeare develop his themes okay so so Othello sorry so Othello Hamlet King Lear Shakespeare all these plays are well -known stories okay there's many well -known stories but Shakespeare he is cu..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4623.78, "end": 4681.37, "time_label": "1:17:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "get you get a lot of interesting psychology all right so let's imagine you become Hamlet and you become Othello and you were in the circumstance where your father has come and told and give you a mission to go kill your..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "diagnoses": [ { "claim": "Russia is defined by vast, cold geography and a dark imagination tied to Eastern Orthodoxy, Mother Russia, border defense, and geopolitical genius.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0002", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0005" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical-cultural diagnosis stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "russia", "eastern-orthodoxy", "geography" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0002", "segment_id": "seg-0002", "start": 80.544, "end": 145.39, "time_label": "1:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It is always being attacked and threatened by adversaries. Okay, the British, it's an island fortress. The Americans are the most interesting because it is a continental fortress. It is not only invincible, it cannot be..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0005", "segment_id": "seg-0005", "start": 282.68, "end": 348.1, "time_label": "4:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "of all Russian geopolitical leaders is to protect its borders from enemies because Russia is so huge and encompasses two continents, it has a lot of geopolitical enemies. Okay? civilization, when we move to the Germans,..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Theatre in Shakespeare's England was both mass entertainment and mass education, which made it politically dangerous enough for elite suspicion and Puritan prohibition.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0021" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical interpretation stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "theatre", "mass-education", "puritans" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "segment_id": "seg-0018", "start": 1148.172, "end": 1221.98, "time_label": "19:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But if it's musical, then it's easy to remember because it becomes like a song, right? It's really easy for us to remember songs. So, flat iambic pentameter, Shakespeare's plays are memorable, beautiful, and resonant, m..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "segment_id": "seg-0021", "start": 1350.64, "end": 1412.1, "time_label": "22:30", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They hate alcohol, they hate fun, they hate theatre, especially theatre. They hate Shakespeare. So they banned it. So during this time, Shakespeare is extremely controversial. So having gone into history, let's discuss..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare gives English fluency to the British because the culture expects readers to know and recite him.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0024", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0025" ], "temporal_scope": "Language-culture claim stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "english", "shakespeare", "fluency" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0024", "segment_id": "seg-0024", "start": 1540.5, "end": 1598.32, "time_label": "25:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "With this regard, their currents turn awry and lose the name of action. Okay. So some brief comments about the soliloquy. First of all, as you can understand, it's beautiful. Right? It's also, if you think about it, pre..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "segment_id": "seg-0025", "start": 1598.48, "end": 1648.33, "time_label": "26:38", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay? The fact of the matter is that in England, you're expected to read and know Shakespeare. Right? So it's Shakespeare that allows the British to have amazing English. All right. So this is very complicated. But it's..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare himself was provincial rather than imperialist, but his legacy was co-opted by British imperialists to justify colonization as civilizing education.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical interpretation stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "white-mans-burden", "imperialism", "shakespeare" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3640.71, "end": 3727.99, "time_label": "1:00:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "figure out what was shakespeare's original intention and i mean shakespeare think of him as a musician okay he's i mean like he's trying to um sing beauty and truth but a lot of it is not intentional a lot of it's not c..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "segment_id": "seg-0060", "start": 3797.56, "end": 3863.46, "time_label": "1:03:17", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "and this is why shakespeare is important because shakespeare allows him to say well do you have a shakespeare do you have do you have like 38 to 41 that are beautifully written well if you don't then that means you're n..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Elite universities can train rigid thinking that inhibits empathy, curiosity, and psychological understanding; passionate self-taught historians may understand history better than credentialed academics.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068" ], "temporal_scope": "Personal diagnosis stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "elite-education", "self-taught-knowledge", "empathy" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "segment_id": "seg-0067", "start": 4343.67, "end": 4419.13, "time_label": "1:12:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "able to have tremendous empathy for other people, and therefore he's able to understand their psychology and his own psychology, all right? He's able to see people as a reflection of his own psychology, and that's what..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "segment_id": "seg-0068", "start": 4420.45, "end": 4479.64, "time_label": "1:13:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "something that I've observed I'm you're much better off talking to an individual who has a passion for history and who spent his entire life asking himself what is history but never really got a formal education never g..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "other_claims": [ { "claim": "Jiang judges Anglo-American culture, despite global dominance, as practical, narrow-minded, and less artistically or philosophically impressive than Russian, German, Homeric, Virgilian, and Dantean traditions.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0051" ], "temporal_scope": "Normative cultural judgment stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "anglo-american-culture", "cultural-judgment", "paradise-lost" ], "claim_type": "normative", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "segment_id": "seg-0049", "start": 3068.33, "end": 3139.85, "time_label": "51:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "-American culture, even though it dominates the world, it's pretty lackluster. It's very narrow -minded. It's very practical. It's pretty mediocre. Okay? And if you want to know what I mean by that, think about, think t..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "segment_id": "seg-0051", "start": 3200.95, "end": 3274.82, "time_label": "53:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Why did Adam and Eve eat that forbidden fruit, and why were we banished from the Garden of Eden? And look, it's 12 books. It's 12 books. Which is a model of the great epics of integrity, Homer and Virgil. And there are..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare is great but, in Jiang's current view, less impressive than Homer and Dante because Shakespeare offers beautiful language more than deep metaphysical truth.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0050" ], "temporal_scope": "Current assessment in a lecture published 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "shakespeare", "homer", "dante", "pretty-nothingness" ], "claim_type": "normative", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "segment_id": "seg-0049", "start": 3068.33, "end": 3139.85, "time_label": "51:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "-American culture, even though it dominates the world, it's pretty lackluster. It's very narrow -minded. It's very practical. It's pretty mediocre. Okay? And if you want to know what I mean by that, think about, think t..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "segment_id": "seg-0050", "start": 3139.85, "end": 3200.95, "time_label": "52:19", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But with Shakespeare, you're like, this is beautiful, but is it a pretty nothingness? Okay? That's a question I have. And again, to be fair, it's been a long time since I actually read Shakespeare. I've read most of his..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Shakespeare's plays survive because friends and actors assembled posthumous texts from notes and memory in the First Folio after a performance-centered culture did not incentivize publication.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical explanation stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "first-folio", "actor-memory", "publication" ], "claim_type": "evidence", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "segment_id": "seg-0054", "start": 3375.92, "end": 3440.57, "time_label": "56:15", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "played off is performed all the time and you are forced to read Shakespeare in school so where is where do we get these place from okay so let me explain to you what's happening all right okay so Shakespeare's place all..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "segment_id": "seg-0056", "start": 3506.82, "end": 3579.18, "time_label": "58:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Shakespeare was so after his death his friends and I don't know their names okay but his friends want to remember him they want to memorize him okay so they start to publish his place it's something called the first fol..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Textual disputes over individual Shakespeare words miss the point because Shakespeare's genius is fluid, flexible, imaginative language rather than a single fixed philological intention.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive position stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "shakespeare-scholarship", "wordplay", "original-intention" ], "claim_type": "normative", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "segment_id": "seg-0057", "start": 3579.18, "end": 3640.71, "time_label": "59:39", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "or was it a later addition okay and I mean it's a really silly thing to do because as I explain to you the genius of Shakespeare was to imagine language as it's very fluid flexible imaginative tool and when it comes to�..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3640.71, "end": 3727.99, "time_label": "1:00:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "figure out what was shakespeare's original intention and i mean shakespeare think of him as a musician okay he's i mean like he's trying to um sing beauty and truth but a lot of it is not intentional a lot of it's not c..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang argues that Othello should be read primarily as a human psychological tragedy, not primarily through contemporary race, culture, and identity categories.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0064" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive position stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "othello", "psychology", "race-identity" ], "claim_type": "normative", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "segment_id": "seg-0063", "start": 4072.82, "end": 4147.93, "time_label": "1:07:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "So, when you look at Othello, he's asking himself, why is it that a man who loves his wife, what could drive him to kill his wife, okay? That's the question he's asking. he doesn't see Othello as a black person in a for..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0064", "segment_id": "seg-0064", "start": 4147.93, "end": 4203.95, "time_label": "1:09:07", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "or the Germans they hate but but you know what they cared about each other and they hated each other remember the main conflict in England at this point is the comic between the Catholics and the Protestants okay so the..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Othello is best understood as a Greek tragedy about hubris, arrogance, fate, jealousy, and human vulnerability rather than as primarily a racial issue.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive position stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "othello", "greek-tragedy", "human-psychology" ], "claim_type": "normative", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "segment_id": "seg-0065", "start": 4203.95, "end": 4267.9, "time_label": "1:10:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "is it possible that in insurance in certain circumstances this can be used against him and that's the that's the plot of Othello which makes it a Greek tragedy right the Greeks could work it's about hubris arrogance fat..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4623.78, "end": 4681.37, "time_label": "1:17:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "get you get a lot of interesting psychology all right so let's imagine you become Hamlet and you become Othello and you were in the circumstance where your father has come and told and give you a mission to go kill your..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang closes by insisting Othello is a human drama of achievement provoking jealousy, not a story whose core cause is racial identity.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive position stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "othello", "jealousy", "achievement" ], "claim_type": "normative", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4681.37, "end": 4703.31, "time_label": "1:18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's Othello right that's a human thing it's not a racial thing it's not because he's black I mean it's because he's such a accomplished individual does that make sense all right great okay so next class we do the Ame..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "The next lecture is announced as the American Revolution, continuing the course sequence from Britain into America.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "temporal_scope": "Course chronology stated on 2025-05-14", "topic_tags": [ "course-sequence", "american-revolution" ], "claim_type": "evidence", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4681.37, "end": 4703.31, "time_label": "1:18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's Othello right that's a human thing it's not a racial thing it's not because he's black I mean it's because he's such a accomplished individual does that make sense all right great okay so next class we do the Ame..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "glossary_terms": [ { "term": "antithesis", "usages": [ "A rhetorical strategy that sets two ideas in mutually exclusive opposition." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0033" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "segment_id": "seg-0033", "start": 2052.212, "end": 2109.49, "time_label": "34:12", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Brutus will be the first to give a speech. And then he'll be followed by Mark Anthony. So the strategy of Brutus is to use a rhetorical strategy called the antithesis. Okay? The antithesis is basically very simple. You..." } ] }, { "term": "bear baiting", "usages": [ "A gambling entertainment near Shakespeare's theatres, used to show the low-class setting of early theatre." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0020" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "segment_id": "seg-0020", "start": 1284.89, "end": 1350.4, "time_label": "21:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They're also participating in something called, in a gambling activity called bear baiting. Bear baiting is really strange. But the idea is, you take a bear, you chain him up, you blind him, and then you have dogs attac..." } ] }, { "term": "chiasmus", "usages": [ "An A-B-B-A structure that mirrors and collapses an antithesis." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0034" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "segment_id": "seg-0034", "start": 2109.77, "end": 2167.76, "time_label": "35:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay? In the human mind, you just see these two things as separate from each other. Mark Anthony then responds to Brutus using something called the chiasmus. Okay? The chiasmus, it's really interesting. The chiasmus tri..." } ] }, { "term": "cultural tabula rasa", "usages": [ "A blank-slate civilizational moment after collapse or before mature elite consolidation, enabling new founders." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0038" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "segment_id": "seg-0038", "start": 2343.16, "end": 2412.05, "time_label": "39:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Okay? Now, as we discussed way back at the beginning of this course, Homer did the same thing. So let's compare Homer and Shakespeare. How was it able that they were both able to be founders of great civilizations? All..." } ] }, { "term": "diction", "usages": [ "New uses of words that expand what a civilization can imagine and say." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0012", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0013" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0012", "segment_id": "seg-0012", "start": 755.38, "end": 823.2, "time_label": "12:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "And he did this by writing a lot of plays, right? So tragedies, histories, comedies. You've read some of them in school, right? So his accomplishments are tremendous. The reason why we don't know how many plays he actua..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "segment_id": "seg-0013", "start": 823.2, "end": 894.85, "time_label": "13:43", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "new words are being introduced into England because of revolutions in agriculture, in trade, in communication, in technology, OK? So at this point in history, England is going out into the world and it's transforming it..." } ] }, { "term": "First Folio", "usages": [ "The posthumous collection assembled from Shakespeare's surviving notes and actors' memories." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "segment_id": "seg-0056", "start": 3506.82, "end": 3579.18, "time_label": "58:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Shakespeare was so after his death his friends and I don't know their names okay but his friends want to remember him they want to memorize him okay so they start to publish his place it's something called the first fol..." } ] }, { "term": "human issue", "usages": [ "Jiang's preferred frame for Othello: jealousy toward achievement rather than race as the primary explanatory lens." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4623.78, "end": 4681.37, "time_label": "1:17:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "get you get a lot of interesting psychology all right so let's imagine you become Hamlet and you become Othello and you were in the circumstance where your father has come and told and give you a mission to go kill your..." } ] }, { "term": "iambic pentameter", "usages": [ "A rhythmic ten-syllable pattern Jiang presents as the musical device that makes Shakespeare memorable." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0017" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "segment_id": "seg-0017", "start": 1081.5, "end": 1148.172, "time_label": "18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "When people spoke Shakespeare, it was as though they were singing. And also, there were lots of, like, dance routines within the plays as well. Remember, these are people who are extremely ordinary, OK? Who are going to..." } ] }, { "term": "language as neurological surgery", "usages": [ "Jiang's model that manipulating language can alter the mind's pathways and habits of perception." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "segment_id": "seg-0016", "start": 1007.85, "end": 1080.64, "time_label": "16:47", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "he finds new ways of using it in his plays that forces us to reimagine the world in a different way, all right? That's the power of Shakespeare. Now, what this is saying is this. What Shakespeare understands is that lan..." } ] }, { "term": "language as reality unto itself", "usages": [ "A mode of poetry where beautiful language creates an accessible sensory world rather than pointing to deep metaphysical truth." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "segment_id": "seg-0044", "start": 2715.71, "end": 2774.79, "time_label": "45:15", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "How did God create the universe? What does God want from us? Okay, that's a Levine comedy. Shakespeare is very different, okay? Shakespeare creates a new idea of language as a reality onto itself, all right? A reality o..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "segment_id": "seg-0047", "start": 2913.09, "end": 2995.86, "time_label": "48:33", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It is activating all your emotions, all your senses. There's the visual, okay? There's a sound, there's a smell, there's a touch. And gathering swallows twitter in the sky. Okay? That's what poetry is. Poetry is the exp..." } ] }, { "term": "layered meaning", "usages": [ "Multiple interpretations held simultaneously by Shakespeare's language." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0026", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0026", "segment_id": "seg-0026", "start": 1648.55, "end": 1701.13, "time_label": "27:28", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "And that is what frightens me. And that's why I continue to bear the misfortunes around me. It is my own mind that has made me a coward and why each time when I become determined, my resolve breaks apart and I cannot ac..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "segment_id": "seg-0029", "start": 1802.78, "end": 1861.66, "time_label": "30:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Should we suffer or should we fight? Okay? So this is the deepest meaning where he's actually asking what is existence? What is the point of all this? How do we get here? What is the purpose of existence? Okay? So there..." } ] }, { "term": "linguistic internet", "usages": [ "English as a global platform where cultures, ideas, and worldviews meet and cross-breed." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "segment_id": "seg-0047", "start": 2913.09, "end": 2995.86, "time_label": "48:33", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It is activating all your emotions, all your senses. There's the visual, okay? There's a sound, there's a smell, there's a touch. And gathering swallows twitter in the sky. Okay? That's what poetry is. Poetry is the exp..." } ] }, { "term": "living space", "usages": [ "Jiang's gloss for the German concept that national survival requires outward colonization of surrounding territory." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0006" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "segment_id": "seg-0006", "start": 348.26, "end": 404.28, "time_label": "5:48", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "The concept is called living space. So throughout its history, the German people have always been invaded, attacked by its adversaries. So to protect itself, it needs living space. It needs to move out and colonize its..." } ] }, { "term": "Manifest Destiny", "usages": [ "The American belief that God wills American control of the Western Hemisphere." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0007" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0007", "segment_id": "seg-0007", "start": 404.28, "end": 475.85, "time_label": "6:44", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that the British culture is inherently superior to all other cultures, and as such, the British have a responsibility to go out and civilize and educate, and enlighten all others, okay. So this is the philosophy that dr..." } ] }, { "term": "poet as prophet", "usages": [ "Jiang's term for artists driven by a divine mission to spread truth and transform civilization." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0042" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "segment_id": "seg-0041", "start": 2526.07, "end": 2585.02, "time_label": "42:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Right? And it turned out that because of the free market and open corporate competition Shakespeare proved to be the best. Okay? And the last idea is poet as prophet. Okay? This is a really important idea where okay yes..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "segment_id": "seg-0042", "start": 2585.26, "end": 2649.42, "time_label": "43:05", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They were driven by a divine messianic mission to transform the world. Does that make sense guys? This is really important to understand. Great artists are driven by um a messianic mission to change the world for the be..." } ] }, { "term": "pretty nothingness", "usages": [ "Jiang's provocative doubt that Shakespeare's beauty may lack the depth of Homer or Dante." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0050" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "segment_id": "seg-0050", "start": 3139.85, "end": 3200.95, "time_label": "52:19", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But with Shakespeare, you're like, this is beautiful, but is it a pretty nothingness? Okay? That's a question I have. And again, to be fair, it's been a long time since I actually read Shakespeare. I've read most of his..." } ] }, { "term": "Shakespeare as anthropologist", "usages": [ "Jiang's description of Shakespeare as first and foremost an observer of how people think and behave." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "segment_id": "seg-0068", "start": 4420.45, "end": 4479.64, "time_label": "1:13:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "something that I've observed I'm you're much better off talking to an individual who has a passion for history and who spent his entire life asking himself what is history but never really got a formal education never g..." } ] }, { "term": "Shakespeare as imperial credential", "usages": [ "The use of Shakespeare as proof of British cultural superiority and justification for imperial education." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "segment_id": "seg-0060", "start": 3797.56, "end": 3863.46, "time_label": "1:03:17", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "and this is why shakespeare is important because shakespeare allows him to say well do you have a shakespeare do you have do you have like 38 to 41 that are beautifully written well if you don't then that means you're n..." } ] }, { "term": "visual language", "usages": [ "Words functioning as images for oral audiences, letting them see a movie in their heads." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "segment_id": "seg-0029", "start": 1802.78, "end": 1861.66, "time_label": "30:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Should we suffer or should we fight? Okay? So this is the deepest meaning where he's actually asking what is existence? What is the point of all this? How do we get here? What is the purpose of existence? Okay? So there..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "segment_id": "seg-0031", "start": 1921.9, "end": 1988.44, "time_label": "32:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "how something that is clear to us, once we think about it, becomes very dark and unclear. All right? So that's the power of Shakespeare. It's a visual language. All right. Another example. Enterprise of great pivot mome..." } ] }, { "term": "white man's burden", "usages": [ "Imperial doctrine, associated here with Kipling, that white people claimed a responsibility to civilize non-white peoples." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3640.71, "end": 3727.99, "time_label": "1:00:40", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "figure out what was shakespeare's original intention and i mean shakespeare think of him as a musician okay he's i mean like he's trying to um sing beauty and truth but a lot of it is not intentional a lot of it's not c..." } ] } ], "chronology_notes": [ { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0007" ], "note": "The 2025-05-14 lecture explicitly links Trump's Canada and Greenland rhetoric to older Manifest Destiny logic.", "possible_update_to_prior_position": false, "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0007", "segment_id": "seg-0007", "start": 404.28, "end": 475.85, "time_label": "6:44", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that the British culture is inherently superior to all other cultures, and as such, the British have a responsibility to go out and civilize and educate, and enlighten all others, okay. So this is the philosophy that dr..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0020" ], "note": "The lecture gives the Puritan theatre ban as 1642 to 1660.", "possible_update_to_prior_position": false, "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "segment_id": "seg-0020", "start": 1284.89, "end": 1350.4, "time_label": "21:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They're also participating in something called, in a gambling activity called bear baiting. Bear baiting is really strange. But the idea is, you take a bear, you chain him up, you blind him, and then you have dogs attac..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0050" ], "note": "Jiang says he may teach Shakespeare a few years later to test whether his current assessment is wrong.", "possible_update_to_prior_position": false, "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "segment_id": "seg-0050", "start": 3139.85, "end": 3200.95, "time_label": "52:19", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "But with Shakespeare, you're like, this is beautiful, but is it a pretty nothingness? Okay? That's a question I have. And again, to be fair, it's been a long time since I actually read Shakespeare. I've read most of his..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0061" ], "note": "Jiang places the co-optation of Shakespeare by imperialism in the age of imperialism toward the nineteenth century, leading toward World War I and World War II.", "possible_update_to_prior_position": false, "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "segment_id": "seg-0060", "start": 3797.56, "end": 3863.46, "time_label": "1:03:17", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "and this is why shakespeare is important because shakespeare allows him to say well do you have a shakespeare do you have do you have like 38 to 41 that are beautifully written well if you don't then that means you're n..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "segment_id": "seg-0061", "start": 3863.46, "end": 3992.33, "time_label": "1:04:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "right okay but we'll discuss this when we enter the age of imperialism which is towards the 19th century and and then this will lead us into the great wars world uh world war one and world war two okay all right any mor..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "note": "The lecture ends by naming the next class as the American Revolution.", "possible_update_to_prior_position": false, "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4681.37, "end": 4703.31, "time_label": "1:18:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "that's Othello right that's a human thing it's not a racial thing it's not because he's black I mean it's because he's such a accomplished individual does that make sense all right great okay so next class we do the Ame..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "uncertainty_notes": [ { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0003" ], "note": "Transcript renders 'Daesh' for the American elite religion; context indicates deism.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0003", "segment_id": "seg-0003", "start": 145.39, "end": 222.22, "time_label": "2:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "to the Holy Roman Empire, first by Charlemagne and as such they are more Catholic than the Russians okay then you have the British who believe they are here's to the real Roman Empire and their religion is Anglianism ok..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0003" ], "note": "Transcript repeatedly says 'Anglianism'; context indicates Anglicanism.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0003", "segment_id": "seg-0003", "start": 145.39, "end": 222.22, "time_label": "2:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "to the Holy Roman Empire, first by Charlemagne and as such they are more Catholic than the Russians okay then you have the British who believe they are here's to the real Roman Empire and their religion is Anglianism ok..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0015" ], "note": "The transcript says 'bag in my pocket' while discussing being daggered; likely ASR noise for dagger in pocket, but the semantic point is the shift from noun to metaphorical action/adjective.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "segment_id": "seg-0015", "start": 954.24, "end": 1007.85, "time_label": "15:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Now, the word dagger actually exists in the English language, but it means you carry a dagger with you, OK? So if I say, I am daggered, it means there's a bag in my pocket. And that's a traditional use of dagger. But th..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0021" ], "note": "Transcript renders Hamlet's university as 'Wittgenstein'; context likely means Wittenberg.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "segment_id": "seg-0021", "start": 1350.64, "end": 1412.1, "time_label": "22:30", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "They hate alcohol, they hate fun, they hate theatre, especially theatre. They hate Shakespeare. So they banned it. So during this time, Shakespeare is extremely controversial. So having gone into history, let's discuss..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031" ], "note": "Transcript renders Hamlet's 'enterprise of great pith and moment' unevenly as 'pivot moment'; semantic extraction follows Jiang's interpretive point, not the ASR wording.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "segment_id": "seg-0031", "start": 1921.9, "end": 1988.44, "time_label": "32:01", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "how something that is clear to us, once we think about it, becomes very dark and unclear. All right? So that's the power of Shakespeare. It's a visual language. All right. Another example. Enterprise of great pivot mome..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0040" ], "note": "Transcript says 'pay for your place'; context likely means plays, but the free-market feedback point is clear.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0040", "segment_id": "seg-0040", "start": 2474.49, "end": 2525.57, "time_label": "41:14", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "Democratic sensibilities. This is really important. Okay? Homer was talking to ordinary people. Shakespeare was talking to ordinary people. The problem with today's culture is there's a lot of market differentiation whe..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0044" ], "note": "Transcript renders 'Divine Comedy' as 'Levine comedy' and other ASR variants; context is Dante's Divine Comedy.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "segment_id": "seg-0043", "start": 2649.42, "end": 2715.41, "time_label": "44:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "was the language of the educated elite but in the vernacular in Tuscan so that ordinary people could access it. And by doing so he transformed Tuscan into the official Italian language that is spoken today. Um Shakespea..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "segment_id": "seg-0044", "start": 2715.71, "end": 2774.79, "time_label": "45:15", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "How did God create the universe? What does God want from us? Okay, that's a Levine comedy. Shakespeare is very different, okay? Shakespeare creates a new idea of language as a reality onto itself, all right? A reality o..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0052" ], "note": "Transcript renders 'Anglin' and 'euthanasian'; context indicates Anglican and utilitarian.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0052", "segment_id": "seg-0052", "start": 3275.14, "end": 3335.89, "time_label": "54:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "It's an island fortress. It sees itself as here to the Roman Empire. It is an Anglin religion. It's driven by the empiricists and euthanasian philosophies. Okay? And Shakespeare is really the founder of this great civil..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0057" ], "note": "Segment contains heavy ASR corruption around word examples; extraction uses only the clear claim about fluid language and scholarly overfocus on textual variants.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "segment_id": "seg-0057", "start": 3579.18, "end": 3640.71, "time_label": "59:39", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "or was it a later addition okay and I mean it's a really silly thing to do because as I explain to you the genius of Shakespeare was to imagine language as it's very fluid flexible imaginative tool and when it comes to�..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065" ], "note": "Transcript has ASR noise around 'insurance'; context indicates Othello's pride or honor being used against him.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-qms7trnkwqq@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "segment_id": "seg-0065", "start": 4203.95, "end": 4267.9, "time_label": "1:10:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "is it possible that in insurance in certain circumstances this can be used against him and that's the that's the plot of Othello which makes it a Greek tragedy right the Greeks could work it's about hubris arrogance fat..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ] }