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Inhaling, exhaling, and this will give rise to the universe. So if you're a monk or a priest, you practic..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "text": "harmonize yourself with the vibrations of the universe", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0008" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0008", "segment_id": "seg-0008", "start": 483.76, "end": 549.7, "time_label": "8:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He does it by breathing. Breathing in, emitting sacred geometry, and then breathing out, breathing back in, okay? Inhaling, exhaling, and this will give rise to the universe. 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So every major king..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "text": "chemistry and sorcery combined together", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0009" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "segment_id": "seg-0009", "start": 549.7, "end": 616.34, "time_label": "9:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "you're trying to link the movement of the stars, the cosmos, with events in the world, okay? So by understanding the movement of stars, you're able to divine, or predict the future of humanity. Okay? So every major king..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "segment_id": "seg-0009", "start": 549.7, "end": 616.34, "time_label": "9:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "you're trying to link the movement of the stars, the cosmos, with events in the world, okay? So by understanding the movement of stars, you're able to divine, or predict the future of humanity. Okay? So every major king..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "segment_id": "seg-0010", "start": 616.56, "end": 684.86, "time_label": "10:16", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So basically, it turned lead into gold. And again, this was an extremely popular practice in the primitive societies, okay? So these are three major sciences in the primitive societies. China, Egypt, and India. And they..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "ancient-science-was-not-stupid-003", "text": "The real break is not intelligence versus superstition. Premodern science asks how to harmonize the material and spiritual worlds. Modern science abandons the spiritual world, focuses on what can be seen and known, and manipulates it for technological progress. Its governing question changes from what is truth to how do we know truth.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0012" ], "marks": [ { "text": "from what is truth to how do we know truth", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0012" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0012", "segment_id": "seg-0012", "start": 759.2, "end": 831.09, "time_label": "12:39", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "It's basically a psychedelic, okay? Today, we don't rely on intuition and imagination. We think this is superstitious. We rely mainly on something called the scientific method, okay? And later on, I will... We'll discus..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "segment_id": "seg-0010", "start": 616.56, "end": 684.86, "time_label": "10:16", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So basically, it turned lead into gold. And again, this was an extremely popular practice in the primitive societies, okay? So these are three major sciences in the primitive societies. China, Egypt, and India. And they..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "segment_id": "seg-0011", "start": 686.78, "end": 758.96, "time_label": "11:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Today, we are only focused on the material world, the world that we can see and know, in order to create progress, okay? We've abandoned the spiritual world, and we focus on this material world in order to manipulate it..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0012", "segment_id": "seg-0012", "start": 759.2, "end": 831.09, "time_label": "12:39", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "It's basically a psychedelic, okay? Today, we don't rely on intuition and imagination. We think this is superstitious. We rely mainly on something called the scientific method, okay? And later on, I will... We'll discus..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "start": 286, "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0005", "segment_id": "seg-0005", "start": 268.4, "end": 334.95, "time_label": "4:28", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "That's very fundamental to the idea of science. And last idea is we can master these laws to better our reality, okay? So these are the three hidden messages of divine comedy that will influence the development of scien..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "segment_id": "seg-0006", "start": 334.95, "end": 406.51, "time_label": "5:34", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And from these geometric shapes you can give rise to every possible reality, alright? So this is called the Egg of Life and from the egg of life you just keep on expanding it you will get all reality, okay? These are ac..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0007", "segment_id": "seg-0007", "start": 406.75, "end": 483.64, "time_label": "6:46", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "But there's another way you can understand sacred geometry, and it's as vibrations, as energy, as a force, okay? And this is the way that the Chinese understand sacred geometry, right? As chi, as life force, as well as..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0008", "segment_id": "seg-0008", "start": 483.76, "end": 549.7, "time_label": "8:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He does it by breathing. Breathing in, emitting sacred geometry, and then breathing out, breathing back in, okay? Inhaling, exhaling, and this will give rise to the universe. So if you're a monk or a priest, you practic..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "segment_id": "seg-0009", "start": 549.7, "end": 616.34, "time_label": "9:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "you're trying to link the movement of the stars, the cosmos, with events in the world, okay? So by understanding the movement of stars, you're able to divine, or predict the future of humanity. Okay? So every major king..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "segment_id": "seg-0010", "start": 616.56, "end": 684.86, "time_label": "10:16", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So basically, it turned lead into gold. And again, this was an extremely popular practice in the primitive societies, okay? So these are three major sciences in the primitive societies. China, Egypt, and India. And they..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "segment_id": "seg-0011", "start": 686.78, "end": 758.96, "time_label": "11:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Today, we are only focused on the material world, the world that we can see and know, in order to create progress, okay? We've abandoned the spiritual world, and we focus on this material world in order to manipulate it..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0012", "segment_id": "seg-0012", "start": 759.2, "end": 831.09, "time_label": "12:39", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "It's basically a psychedelic, okay? Today, we don't rely on intuition and imagination. We think this is superstitious. We rely mainly on something called the scientific method, okay? And later on, I will... We'll discus..." } ] }, { "id": "monotheism-invents-doubt", "heading": "Monotheism Invents The Question", "time_range": "13:51-21:36", "summary": "Monotheism gives science a knowable universe, while Reformation conflict, war, and exploration turn knowledge into institutional urgency.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0014", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019" ], "paragraphs": [ { "id": "monotheism-invents-doubt-001", "text": "The Scientific Revolution needs three theological assumptions. There is one God. God designed and willed the universe into being. God gave humans the capacity to discover that design. Polytheism leaves chaos and fate; monotheism creates purpose, law, good and evil, and progress. That is why monotheism is an intellectual revolution before it is a label for belief.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0014", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015" ], "marks": [ { "text": "monotheism is really an intellectual revolution", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "segment_id": "seg-0015", "start": 970.95, "end": 1045.7, "time_label": "16:10", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "There's a deep sense that God is in our lives orchestrating events. The last major difference is that between fate and progress, okay? If there's truth in this world, if there's goodness in this world, then we have a re..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "segment_id": "seg-0013", "start": 831.59, "end": 905.6, "time_label": "13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Without these theological assumptions, the Sino -Revolution would not be possible, okay? So the first and most important idea is the idea of monotheism. There is one God, okay? And again, the very idea of monotheism is..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0014", "segment_id": "seg-0014", "start": 905.8, "end": 969.19, "time_label": "15:05", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "What is the difference between a polytheistic worldview of science and a monotheistic worldview of science, okay? So I need you to memorize this chart, okay? The first major difference is a polytheistic system, there's..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "segment_id": "seg-0015", "start": 970.95, "end": 1045.7, "time_label": "16:10", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "There's a deep sense that God is in our lives orchestrating events. The last major difference is that between fate and progress, okay? If there's truth in this world, if there's goodness in this world, then we have a re..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "monotheism-invents-doubt-002", "text": "The Reformation does not simply oppose science to religion. Protestants promote science to understand the will and mind of God. Catholics promote science through the Jesuits and universities. Each side wants knowledge because knowledge strengthens legitimacy. War and exploration add practical pressure: Europe needs better tools to fight, navigate, and conquer.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0017" ], "marks": [ { "text": "The Catholic Church is not anti-science", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "segment_id": "seg-0015", "start": 970.95, "end": 1045.7, "time_label": "16:10", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "There's a deep sense that God is in our lives orchestrating events. The last major difference is that between fate and progress, okay? If there's truth in this world, if there's goodness in this world, then we have a re..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "text": "use science in order to promote their own authority", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0016" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "segment_id": "seg-0016", "start": 1045.7, "end": 1103.793, "time_label": "17:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the Protestants are heavily devoted to science because they want to... Okay? They want to understand the will and mind of God. The Catholics themselves are also promoting science. The Catholics will create a new soci..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "segment_id": "seg-0015", "start": 970.95, "end": 1045.7, "time_label": "16:10", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "There's a deep sense that God is in our lives orchestrating events. The last major difference is that between fate and progress, okay? If there's truth in this world, if there's goodness in this world, then we have a re..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "segment_id": "seg-0016", "start": 1045.7, "end": 1103.793, "time_label": "17:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the Protestants are heavily devoted to science because they want to... Okay? They want to understand the will and mind of God. The Catholics themselves are also promoting science. The Catholics will create a new soci..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "segment_id": "seg-0017", "start": 1103.793, "end": 1176.65, "time_label": "18:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "The Ottoman Empire, which is, at this point, the strongest empire in the world. All right? And the last idea that's driving science is the age of exploration and conquest. As Europe is trying to expand outwards, if they..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "monotheism-invents-doubt-003", "text": "Science then puts itself above religion by asking religion to account for itself. How do you know you are right? The answer becomes method: hypotheses, protocols, experimentation, publication, criticism, peer review. The system works. Productivity is flat for most of history, then around 1700 begins to rise sharply. Doubt feeds billions.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0020" ], "marks": [ { "text": "how do you know if you're right?", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0018" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "segment_id": "seg-0018", "start": 1176.65, "end": 1246.34, "time_label": "19:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because religion purports to be the truth, right? And what science is saying is like, how do you know if you're right? Well, we know if you're right because we have methods to test you, okay? So science is putting itsel..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "text": "starting around the year 1700", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "segment_id": "seg-0019", "start": 1246.81, "end": 1311.54, "time_label": "20:46", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Now last thing is it creates a system of doubt and criticism in order to test all experimental results. And today we call them academic societies and peer -reviewed journals, okay? So if you're a scientist working today..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "segment_id": "seg-0017", "start": 1103.793, "end": 1176.65, "time_label": "18:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "The Ottoman Empire, which is, at this point, the strongest empire in the world. All right? And the last idea that's driving science is the age of exploration and conquest. As Europe is trying to expand outwards, if they..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "segment_id": "seg-0018", "start": 1176.65, "end": 1246.34, "time_label": "19:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because religion purports to be the truth, right? And what science is saying is like, how do you know if you're right? Well, we know if you're right because we have methods to test you, okay? So science is putting itsel..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "segment_id": "seg-0019", "start": 1246.81, "end": 1311.54, "time_label": "20:46", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Now last thing is it creates a system of doubt and criticism in order to test all experimental results. And today we call them academic societies and peer -reviewed journals, okay? So if you're a scientist working today..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "segment_id": "seg-0020", "start": 1312.75, "end": 1385.54, "time_label": "21:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And this has meant that we are now able to feed more and more people. So before 1700, you really couldn't get above a few hundred million people. Okay. And now we are at nine, we are projected to reach nine billion peop..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "start": 831, "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "segment_id": "seg-0013", "start": 831.59, "end": 905.6, "time_label": "13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Without these theological assumptions, the Sino -Revolution would not be possible, okay? So the first and most important idea is the idea of monotheism. There is one God, okay? And again, the very idea of monotheism is..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0014", "segment_id": "seg-0014", "start": 905.8, "end": 969.19, "time_label": "15:05", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "What is the difference between a polytheistic worldview of science and a monotheistic worldview of science, okay? So I need you to memorize this chart, okay? The first major difference is a polytheistic system, there's..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "segment_id": "seg-0015", "start": 970.95, "end": 1045.7, "time_label": "16:10", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "There's a deep sense that God is in our lives orchestrating events. The last major difference is that between fate and progress, okay? 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As Europe is trying to expand outwards, if they..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "segment_id": "seg-0018", "start": 1176.65, "end": 1246.34, "time_label": "19:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because religion purports to be the truth, right? And what science is saying is like, how do you know if you're right? Well, we know if you're right because we have methods to test you, okay? So science is putting itsel..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "segment_id": "seg-0019", "start": 1246.81, "end": 1311.54, "time_label": "20:46", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Now last thing is it creates a system of doubt and criticism in order to test all experimental results. And today we call them academic societies and peer -reviewed journals, okay? So if you're a scientist working today..." } ] }, { "id": "galileo-is-not-clean", "heading": "Galileo Is Not Clean", "time_range": "21:36-33:29", "summary": "The standard martyr-of-science story is complicated by weak mathematics, Church support for Copernicus, Galileo's arrogance, and Protestant propaganda.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0022", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0023", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0024", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0026", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0027", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0028", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0030", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0032" ], "paragraphs": [ { "id": "galileo-is-not-clean-001", "text": "The cosmology story does not begin with a heroic scientist fighting a stupid Church. Ptolemy's Earth-centered system is old, mathematically elaborate, and compatible with theology. Copernicus is a devout Catholic with Catholic supporters, but his model is new and less refined. For a long time, the better-looking book is Ptolemy's.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0022", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0023" ], "marks": [ { "text": "how to go to heaven, not how the heavens go", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0023" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0023", "segment_id": "seg-0023", "start": 1544.15, "end": 1601.42, "time_label": "25:44", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "the saying back then is, it is the job of the church, the Catholic church, to tell you how to go to heaven, not how the heavens go. Okay? So the Catholic church didn't really care one way. They didn't care about the hel..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "segment_id": "seg-0020", "start": 1312.75, "end": 1385.54, "time_label": "21:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And this has meant that we are now able to feed more and more people. So before 1700, you really couldn't get above a few hundred million people. Okay. And now we are at nine, we are projected to reach nine billion peop..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "segment_id": "seg-0021", "start": 1386.08, "end": 1462.91, "time_label": "23:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "In about 150, a Greek scientist named Ptolemy, working in Egypt, he developed the first comprehensive cosmological system. And this cosmological system, which he wrote in a book called The Almagest, he made certain argu..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0022", "segment_id": "seg-0022", "start": 1463.05, "end": 1544.15, "time_label": "24:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And as you can see, you can't read this, but there's a lot of mathematical detail in the book. And because Ptolemy's perspective aligned with theology. The Bible. It was accepted, it was accepted true for over a thousan..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0023", "segment_id": "seg-0023", "start": 1544.15, "end": 1601.42, "time_label": "25:44", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "the saying back then is, it is the job of the church, the Catholic church, to tell you how to go to heaven, not how the heavens go. Okay? So the Catholic church didn't really care one way. They didn't care about the hel..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "galileo-is-not-clean-002", "text": "Kepler's data helps the heliocentric model, and Galileo's telescope makes it visible. Jupiter has moons. Venus moves in a way the old scheme cannot easily absorb. But Galileo does not only make observations. He tells his enemies that he speaks to God, knows the truth, and they are idiots. The problem becomes scriptural authority.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0024", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0026", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0027", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0028", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0029" ], "marks": [ { "text": "nope, the orbit is elliptical", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0025" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "segment_id": "seg-0025", "start": 1676.94, "end": 1736.43, "time_label": "27:56", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "But because he is not a member of the Catholic Church, he's a Lutheran, okay, the Catholic Church couldn't really do anything about him. Right? And what's remarkable about Kepler is that just from this data, he was able..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "text": "I speak to God, I know the truth", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0028" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0028", "segment_id": "seg-0028", "start": 1866.78, "end": 1929.32, "time_label": "31:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "model, he was coming into conflict with a lot of academics that were extremely well established who made their living off the heliocentric model, okay? So they're having these arguments, and Galileo's arguments were ver..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0024", "segment_id": "seg-0024", "start": 1602.06, "end": 1676.02, "time_label": "26:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the heliocentric model, it is much more refined, much more accepted at this point than the heliocentric model. This man, his name is Tycho Braque, and he is a Danish polymath as well. He comes from a very noble famil..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "segment_id": "seg-0025", "start": 1676.94, "end": 1736.43, "time_label": "27:56", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "But because he is not a member of the Catholic Church, he's a Lutheran, okay, the Catholic Church couldn't really do anything about him. Right? And what's remarkable about Kepler is that just from this data, he was able..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0026", "segment_id": "seg-0026", "start": 1737.5, "end": 1803.7, "time_label": "28:57", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And then what else he did that was revolutionary is that he discovered that there was a correlation between this orbit and the matter. And that's why he's saying that the Earth is the last of the planet, okay? And this..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0027", "segment_id": "seg-0027", "start": 1803.76, "end": 1866.78, "time_label": "30:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "But it's not that great. But with this telescope... This new invention, Galileo did amazing things. First thing he did was he discovered that Jupiter had moons. And this was revolutionary because it was assumed that eve..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0028", "segment_id": "seg-0028", "start": 1866.78, "end": 1929.32, "time_label": "31:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "model, he was coming into conflict with a lot of academics that were extremely well established who made their living off the heliocentric model, okay? So they're having these arguments, and Galileo's arguments were ver..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "segment_id": "seg-0029", "start": 1929.46, "end": 1990.08, "time_label": "32:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "That's what the Bible says. Also, if you look at Genesis, it's clear that God created the Earth first, and then he created the heavens, the sun and the moon and the stars. So logically, everything should revolve around..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "galileo-is-not-clean-003", "text": "Galileo's trial becomes the myth of science against religion because the Protestant world needs that myth. In this telling, his downfall is also personal. He mocks enemies, puts the pope's arguments in the mouth of Simplicitus, gets hauled before the Inquisition, and ends under house arrest. It is a Greek tragedy of hubris before it is a secular origin story.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0030", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0032", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033" ], "marks": [ { "text": "It was his hubris", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0032" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0032", "segment_id": "seg-0032", "start": 2109.803, "end": 2184.02, "time_label": "35:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So what he said is, listen, this book, it's a satire. It's a thought experiment. I know that the heliocentric model is wrong. And so I wrote this book as an intellectual exercise to see how wrong it could be, and to see..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "text": "propaganda against the church", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "segment_id": "seg-0033", "start": 2184.3, "end": 2256.79, "time_label": "36:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the Protestants will use this trial as propaganda against the church. And the Protestants will say, you see how anti -science the church is. And Galileo will be... Will be remembered now as the father of modern scien..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0030", "segment_id": "seg-0030", "start": 1990.28, "end": 2051.7, "time_label": "33:10", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "he was a very famous author, he was extremely intelligent, he thought that God loved him, okay? So as you can imagine, it was a complete disaster. It was a disastrous meeting, the Inquisition told him to shut up, okay?..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "segment_id": "seg-0031", "start": 2052.08, "end": 2109.803, "time_label": "34:12", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Where he presented his argument again for the heliocentric model. Not only that, but he made fun of his enemies. So it's a dialogue, and the chief enemy of Galileo, his name was Simplicitus, okay? Simplicitus, moron. No..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0032", "segment_id": "seg-0032", "start": 2109.803, "end": 2184.02, "time_label": "35:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So what he said is, listen, this book, it's a satire. It's a thought experiment. I know that the heliocentric model is wrong. And so I wrote this book as an intellectual exercise to see how wrong it could be, and to see..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "segment_id": "seg-0033", "start": 2184.3, "end": 2256.79, "time_label": "36:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the Protestants will use this trial as propaganda against the church. And the Protestants will say, you see how anti -science the church is. And Galileo will be... Will be remembered now as the father of modern scien..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "start": 1296, "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "segment_id": "seg-0020", "start": 1312.75, "end": 1385.54, "time_label": "21:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And this has meant that we are now able to feed more and more people. So before 1700, you really couldn't get above a few hundred million people. Okay. And now we are at nine, we are projected to reach nine billion peop..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "segment_id": "seg-0021", "start": 1386.08, "end": 1462.91, "time_label": "23:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "In about 150, a Greek scientist named Ptolemy, working in Egypt, he developed the first comprehensive cosmological system. And this cosmological system, which he wrote in a book called The Almagest, he made certain argu..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0022", "segment_id": "seg-0022", "start": 1463.05, "end": 1544.15, "time_label": "24:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And as you can see, you can't read this, but there's a lot of mathematical detail in the book. And because Ptolemy's perspective aligned with theology. The Bible. It was accepted, it was accepted true for over a thousan..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0023", "segment_id": "seg-0023", "start": 1544.15, "end": 1601.42, "time_label": "25:44", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "the saying back then is, it is the job of the church, the Catholic church, to tell you how to go to heaven, not how the heavens go. Okay? So the Catholic church didn't really care one way. 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No..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0032", "segment_id": "seg-0032", "start": 2109.803, "end": 2184.02, "time_label": "35:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So what he said is, listen, this book, it's a satire. It's a thought experiment. I know that the heliocentric model is wrong. And so I wrote this book as an intellectual exercise to see how wrong it could be, and to see..." } ] }, { "id": "genius-comes-from-theology", "heading": "Genius Comes From Theology", "time_range": "33:29-57:20", "summary": "Newton and Einstein become evidence that scientific revolution comes from strange conviction, imagination, and faith as much as from formal method.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0037", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0039", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0040", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0052", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057" ], "paragraphs": [ { "id": "genius-comes-from-theology-001", "text": "Newton supplies the mathematics that lets heliocentrism win, but Newton does not look like a modern secular scientist. He is a theologian and alchemist. He reads the Bible for the secrets of the universe, calculates the end of the world, searches for the Philosopher's Stone, tastes mercury, loses sleep, loses hair, and still writes the Principia.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0036" ], "marks": [ { "text": "What he really was was a theologian", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "segment_id": "seg-0034", "start": 2256.81, "end": 2314.73, "time_label": "37:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Newton, as you know, he's the person who created calculus. The calculus you're learning in school, guess what? He was responsible for the creation of calculus. Now, what's really interesting for us to know about Newton..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "text": "He was eating it. He was tasting it", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035", "segment_id": "seg-0035", "start": 2315.66, "end": 2372.04, "time_label": "38:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "People understood faith. They understood faith as a very important cornerstone of science. Without faith, how could you have the energy and the inspiration to understand the mind of God, okay? Newton is also famous for..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "segment_id": "seg-0033", "start": 2184.3, "end": 2256.79, "time_label": "36:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the Protestants will use this trial as propaganda against the church. And the Protestants will say, you see how anti -science the church is. And Galileo will be... Will be remembered now as the father of modern scien..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "segment_id": "seg-0034", "start": 2256.81, "end": 2314.73, "time_label": "37:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Newton, as you know, he's the person who created calculus. The calculus you're learning in school, guess what? He was responsible for the creation of calculus. Now, what's really interesting for us to know about Newton..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035", "segment_id": "seg-0035", "start": 2315.66, "end": 2372.04, "time_label": "38:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "People understood faith. They understood faith as a very important cornerstone of science. Without faith, how could you have the energy and the inspiration to understand the mind of God, okay? Newton is also famous for..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "segment_id": "seg-0036", "start": 2372.44, "end": 2453.72, "time_label": "39:32", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "At this time, Latin is the universal language of scientists, right? And also, guys, at this time, they're not called scientists. They're called natural philosophers, all right? Science is considered a part of philosophy..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "genius-comes-from-theology-002", "text": "Newton solves correlation but not cause. Einstein solves the cause by imagining space-time curvature. E equals mc squared reveals mass and energy as convertible, and relativity predicts black holes. The crucial image is not a lab. Einstein is sitting at a patent-office desk, thinking by himself, daydreaming.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0037", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0039", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0040" ], "marks": [ { "text": "he was just thinking by himself", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0039" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0039", "segment_id": "seg-0039", "start": 2569.25, "end": 2629.12, "time_label": "42:49", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He believed that in the heavens, there was a space -time curvature. And so what was happening was this. A mass, a huge object, it would go into the space -time curvature and warp it. And because it warped it, it drew th..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0037", "segment_id": "seg-0037", "start": 2453.72, "end": 2512.43, "time_label": "40:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Now the problem, though, he had a huge problem. The problem is he had the correlation, he had the mathematical correlation, but he didn't know why the correlation existed. He couldn't solve the causation problem, okay?..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "segment_id": "seg-0038", "start": 2513.03, "end": 2568.34, "time_label": "41:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And this is a revolution. We didn't... We didn't understand this before, right? We just thought... We just assumed that solids and vibrations are different. And what Einstein is saying is that in order for a solid to ex..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0039", "segment_id": "seg-0039", "start": 2569.25, "end": 2629.12, "time_label": "42:49", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He believed that in the heavens, there was a space -time curvature. And so what was happening was this. A mass, a huge object, it would go into the space -time curvature and warp it. And because it warped it, it drew th..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0040", "segment_id": "seg-0040", "start": 2629.12, "end": 2696.15, "time_label": "43:49", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "achievement okay and so the mathematics is very complicated okay but all you need you need to understand is that he figured out that there's mathematical relationship between the mass of the object and the space -time c..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "genius-comes-from-theology-003", "text": "That becomes the explicit argument: genius does not come from hard work, process, or method. It comes from intuition, imagination, inspiration, and faith that you are correct. Descartes dreams of an angel. Muhammad receives Gabriel. Einstein daydreams. Watson sees the double helix. Even when Einstein is logical and Bohr is sloppy, Bohr can still be right. At first, new science may look wrong.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051" ], "marks": [ { "text": "genius does not come from hard work", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "segment_id": "seg-0049", "start": 3198.42, "end": 3266.591, "time_label": "53:18", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "All right, so let me explain. Okay, so I know this is a hard idea, but genius does not come from hard work. It does not come from, say, some sort of process or some sort of method. It comes from intuition, imagination,..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "text": "Einstein was wrong, Niels Bohr was right", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "segment_id": "seg-0051", "start": 3326.414, "end": 3381.11, "time_label": "55:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So if you go and look back in the 1930s and 40s, and you look at their arguments, what you will find is that Einstein was very clear, was very logical, was very clear, was very logical, was very logical, was very logica..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "segment_id": "seg-0049", "start": 3198.42, "end": 3266.591, "time_label": "53:18", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "All right, so let me explain. Okay, so I know this is a hard idea, but genius does not come from hard work. It does not come from, say, some sort of process or some sort of method. It comes from intuition, imagination,..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "segment_id": "seg-0050", "start": 3266.591, "end": 3326.414, "time_label": "54:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "This is no different from Mohammed, who was meditating in a cave, and the angel Gabriel appeared before him. It's religious. Albert Einstein daydreams in a tree, a tram, approaching another, and conceives the theory of..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "segment_id": "seg-0051", "start": 3326.414, "end": 3381.11, "time_label": "55:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So if you go and look back in the 1930s and 40s, and you look at their arguments, what you will find is that Einstein was very clear, was very logical, was very clear, was very logical, was very logical, was very logica..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "genius-comes-from-theology-004", "text": "Kuhn gives the lecture its theory of history. Science does not advance only by careful accumulation. Normal science refines a paradigm like a jigsaw puzzle. It makes the accepted picture more elegant. A paradigm shift asks for a new picture, and that decision cannot be made by current evidence alone. It has to be made on faith.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0052", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057" ], "marks": [ { "text": "solving a jigsaw puzzle", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0056" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "segment_id": "seg-0055", "start": 3548.97, "end": 3607.37, "time_label": "59:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "To solve a jigsaw puzzle is not, for example, merely to make a picture. Either a child or a contemporary artist could do that by scattering selected pieces as abstract shapes upon some neutral ground. So this is really..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "segment_id": "seg-0056", "start": 3607.37, "end": 3669.4, "time_label": "1:00:07", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "with a new picture to the jigsaw puzzle, you might be creative, you might be interesting, you might be imaginative, but you're wrong. Okay? Scientists cannot accept your solution. To achieve that, all the pieces must be..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "text": "can only be made on faith", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "segment_id": "seg-0057", "start": 3669.4, "end": 3729.47, "time_label": "1:01:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "decision between alternative ways of practicing science is called for and the circumstances that this decision must be based less on past achievement than on future promise. The man who embraces a new paradigm at an ear..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0052", "segment_id": "seg-0052", "start": 3381.11, "end": 3440.44, "time_label": "56:21", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "of sonic revolutions okay this is a book that I highly recommend if you ever said this history of science this is a book the first book that you will read because he goes into how science develops over the centuries the..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "segment_id": "seg-0054", "start": 3483.66, "end": 3548.65, "time_label": "58:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "from that what does scripture take out a the knowledge of those facts that the paradigm displays as particularly revealing by increasing the extent of the match between those facts and the paradigm's predictions and by..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "segment_id": "seg-0055", "start": 3548.97, "end": 3607.37, "time_label": "59:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "To solve a jigsaw puzzle is not, for example, merely to make a picture. Either a child or a contemporary artist could do that by scattering selected pieces as abstract shapes upon some neutral ground. So this is really..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "segment_id": "seg-0056", "start": 3607.37, "end": 3669.4, "time_label": "1:00:07", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "with a new picture to the jigsaw puzzle, you might be creative, you might be interesting, you might be imaginative, but you're wrong. Okay? Scientists cannot accept your solution. To achieve that, all the pieces must be..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "segment_id": "seg-0057", "start": 3669.4, "end": 3729.47, "time_label": "1:01:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "decision between alternative ways of practicing science is called for and the circumstances that this decision must be based less on past achievement than on future promise. The man who embraces a new paradigm at an ear..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "start": 2009, "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "segment_id": "seg-0033", "start": 2184.3, "end": 2256.79, "time_label": "36:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the Protestants will use this trial as propaganda against the church. And the Protestants will say, you see how anti -science the church is. And Galileo will be... Will be remembered now as the father of modern scien..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "segment_id": "seg-0034", "start": 2256.81, "end": 2314.73, "time_label": "37:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Newton, as you know, he's the person who created calculus. The calculus you're learning in school, guess what? He was responsible for the creation of calculus. Now, what's really interesting for us to know about Newton..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035", "segment_id": "seg-0035", "start": 2315.66, "end": 2372.04, "time_label": "38:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "People understood faith. They understood faith as a very important cornerstone of science. Without faith, how could you have the energy and the inspiration to understand the mind of God, okay? Newton is also famous for..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "segment_id": "seg-0036", "start": 2372.44, "end": 2453.72, "time_label": "39:32", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "At this time, Latin is the universal language of scientists, right? And also, guys, at this time, they're not called scientists. They're called natural philosophers, all right? Science is considered a part of philosophy..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0037", "segment_id": "seg-0037", "start": 2453.72, "end": 2512.43, "time_label": "40:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Now the problem, though, he had a huge problem. The problem is he had the correlation, he had the mathematical correlation, but he didn't know why the correlation existed. He couldn't solve the causation problem, okay?..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "segment_id": "seg-0038", "start": 2513.03, "end": 2568.34, "time_label": "41:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And this is a revolution. We didn't... We didn't understand this before, right? We just thought... We just assumed that solids and vibrations are different. And what Einstein is saying is that in order for a solid to ex..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0039", "segment_id": "seg-0039", "start": 2569.25, "end": 2629.12, "time_label": "42:49", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He believed that in the heavens, there was a space -time curvature. And so what was happening was this. A mass, a huge object, it would go into the space -time curvature and warp it. And because it warped it, it drew th..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0040", "segment_id": "seg-0040", "start": 2629.12, "end": 2696.15, "time_label": "43:49", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "achievement okay and so the mathematics is very complicated okay but all you need you need to understand is that he figured out that there's mathematical relationship between the mass of the object and the space -time c..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "segment_id": "seg-0049", "start": 3198.42, "end": 3266.591, "time_label": "53:18", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "All right, so let me explain. Okay, so I know this is a hard idea, but genius does not come from hard work. It does not come from, say, some sort of process or some sort of method. It comes from intuition, imagination,..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "segment_id": "seg-0050", "start": 3266.591, "end": 3326.414, "time_label": "54:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "This is no different from Mohammed, who was meditating in a cave, and the angel Gabriel appeared before him. It's religious. Albert Einstein daydreams in a tree, a tram, approaching another, and conceives the theory of..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "segment_id": "seg-0051", "start": 3326.414, "end": 3381.11, "time_label": "55:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So if you go and look back in the 1930s and 40s, and you look at their arguments, what you will find is that Einstein was very clear, was very logical, was very clear, was very logical, was very logical, was very logica..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0052", "segment_id": "seg-0052", "start": 3381.11, "end": 3440.44, "time_label": "56:21", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "of sonic revolutions okay this is a book that I highly recommend if you ever said this history of science this is a book the first book that you will read because he goes into how science develops over the centuries the..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "segment_id": "seg-0057", "start": 3669.4, "end": 3729.47, "time_label": "1:01:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "decision between alternative ways of practicing science is called for and the circumstances that this decision must be based less on past achievement than on future promise. The man who embraces a new paradigm at an ear..." } ] }, { "id": "bureaucracy-kills-revolution", "heading": "Bureaucracy Kills Revolution", "time_range": "57:20-70:28", "summary": "Bacon's institutional solution conquers confirmation bias, but the same bureaucracy now creates political control, overspecialization, gatekeeping, and a loss of creativity.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0046", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064" ], "paragraphs": [ { "id": "bureaucracy-kills-revolution-001", "text": "Bacon's great solution is to install doubt inside a process. Hypothesis, experiment, data analysis, replication: each department audits the last. The Royal Society embodies this logic by forcing scientists to present findings before peers who question them. This is why scientific progress has been so fast for three or four centuries.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062" ], "marks": [ { "text": "hypothesis, experiment, data analysis, replication", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061" ], "lens_points": [ "lens-point:scientific-doubt-becomes-bureaucracy" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "segment_id": "seg-0061", "start": 3920.75, "end": 4002.693, "time_label": "1:05:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "If you're able to doubt yourself, if you're able to question yourself, if you're able to self -reflect, that's a sign of an excellent student. Okay? In fact, the best sign of an excellent student. So the question then i..." } ], "lens_points_detail": [ { "id": "lens-point:scientific-doubt-becomes-bureaucracy", "valid": true, "concept": "administrative-filter", "title": null, "doc_title": "Religion As Administrative Filter", "doc_slug": "lens/religion-as-administrative-filter", "url": "/lens/religion-as-administrative-filter/#scientific-doubt-becomes-bureaucracy", "text": "Science turns doubt into an administrative filter when method, replication, departmental audit, credentialing, and peer scrutiny decide who can enter the truth-producing system.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063" ] } ] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "segment_id": "seg-0044", "start": 2874.4, "end": 2930.38, "time_label": "47:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "have the most advanced science in the world and what and the reason why the most advanced science in the world is because they turn science into a bureaucracy a very specialized bureaucracy okay so I'm not going to read..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "segment_id": "seg-0045", "start": 2930.42, "end": 2994, "time_label": "48:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "These we call interpreters of nature. So these are theoreticians. They're the ones who take this experimental data and combine it into a theory. And so Bacon is proposing a scientific bureaucracy. And guess what, guys?..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "segment_id": "seg-0061", "start": 3920.75, "end": 4002.693, "time_label": "1:05:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "If you're able to doubt yourself, if you're able to question yourself, if you're able to self -reflect, that's a sign of an excellent student. Okay? In fact, the best sign of an excellent student. So the question then i..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "segment_id": "seg-0062", "start": 4002.693, "end": 4074.16, "time_label": "1:06:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And so what happens is that each department is inspecting and auditing the work of the previous department to make sure the results are, are accurate and correct. Okay? Does that make sense? And it turns out if you do i..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "bureaucracy-kills-revolution-002", "text": "But bureaucracy also produces its own sins. It needs resources, so politicians interfere. Departments specialize until they cannot speak to each other. Accountability collapses because outsiders cannot tell whether specialized work is good. Insularity becomes gatekeeping. You spend twenty years learning the rules before you are allowed inside, and by then creativity has been screened out.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063" ], "marks": [ { "text": "insularity creates gatekeeping", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063" ], "lens_points": [ "lens-point:scientific-doubt-becomes-bureaucracy" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "segment_id": "seg-0063", "start": 4074.28, "end": 4154.51, "time_label": "1:07:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay? So if you run experiments, well, you use, you use a lot of instruments, okay? All of these instruments are so complicated that normal scientists don't really understand what you're doing. Okay? So that's the secon..." } ], "lens_points_detail": [ { "id": "lens-point:scientific-doubt-becomes-bureaucracy", "valid": true, "concept": "administrative-filter", "title": null, "doc_title": "Religion As Administrative Filter", "doc_slug": "lens/religion-as-administrative-filter", "url": "/lens/religion-as-administrative-filter/#scientific-doubt-becomes-bureaucracy", "text": "Science turns doubt into an administrative filter when method, replication, departmental audit, credentialing, and peer scrutiny decide who can enter the truth-producing system.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063" ] } ] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "segment_id": "seg-0062", "start": 4002.693, "end": 4074.16, "time_label": "1:06:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And so what happens is that each department is inspecting and auditing the work of the previous department to make sure the results are, are accurate and correct. Okay? Does that make sense? And it turns out if you do i..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "segment_id": "seg-0063", "start": 4074.28, "end": 4154.51, "time_label": "1:07:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay? So if you run experiments, well, you use, you use a lot of instruments, okay? All of these instruments are so complicated that normal scientists don't really understand what you're doing. Okay? So that's the secon..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "bureaucracy-kills-revolution-003", "text": "That is why the fashionable ethical worries are misdirected. Artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, designer babies, immortality: these sound like humanity becoming God. The deeper worry is more ordinary and more dangerous. Science may become an imperial bureaucracy, above governments, promoting itself, wasting money, and protecting its rank. The danger is not scientists becoming God. It is scientists becoming corrupt bureaucrats.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0046", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ], "marks": [ { "text": "imperial bureaucracy", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ], "lens_points": [ "lens-point:bureaucracy-institutional-death-atlas" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "segment_id": "seg-0048", "start": 3133.405, "end": 3198.42, "time_label": "52:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Just ask me. All right, so the real problem is this. Okay, the real problem is this. Science has become an imperial bureaucracy. That's the real issue, all right? If you think about the world we live in today, the field..." } ], "lens_points_detail": [ { "id": "lens-point:bureaucracy-institutional-death-atlas", "valid": true, "concept": "bureaucracy-institutional-death", "title": null, "doc_title": "Jiang Lens Atlas", "doc_slug": "lens", "url": "/lens/#bureaucracy-institutional-death-atlas", "text": "Bureaucracy becomes institutional death when a successful organization preserves offices, procedures, rankings, and authorized knowledge while losing the openness, risk, feedback, and genius that made the institution alive.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-abs6z7vpemc@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064", "video:predictive-history-hk-yhi3-prw@transcript:v1#seg-0022" ] } ] }, { "text": "corrupt bureaucrats", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "segment_id": "seg-0048", "start": 3133.405, "end": 3198.42, "time_label": "52:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Just ask me. All right, so the real problem is this. Okay, the real problem is this. Science has become an imperial bureaucracy. That's the real issue, all right? If you think about the world we live in today, the field..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0046", "segment_id": "seg-0046", "start": 2994, "end": 3062.02, "time_label": "49:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Society include Christopher Wren, who was a very famous architect, as well as Robert Dole, who was a very famous chemist. Okay. Basic background into the history of the Second Revolution. Today we are asking ourselves a..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "segment_id": "seg-0047", "start": 3062.16, "end": 3133.405, "time_label": "51:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Also, we're trying to develop immortality. Okay. We're looking for the elixir of immortality. So these are three massive ethical debates within science. And my argument to you today is that this is the wrong question to..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "segment_id": "seg-0048", "start": 3133.405, "end": 3198.42, "time_label": "52:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Just ask me. All right, so the real problem is this. Okay, the real problem is this. Science has become an imperial bureaucracy. That's the real issue, all right? If you think about the world we live in today, the field..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "bureaucracy-kills-revolution-004", "text": "The irony is severe. Science was inspired by Galileo, Newton, and Einstein, but modern science may no longer admit people like them. Galileo is too abrasive. Newton is too strange. Einstein might fail the mathematics gatekeeping. So the thing to fear is not only bad technology. It is a civilization that has become incapable of innovation.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064" ], "marks": [ { "text": "it's not a tea party", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0058" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3729.47, "end": 3791.84, "time_label": "1:02:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "is sent by God to tell us the truth okay that's Galileo Galileo if you actually met the person you would think this guy's a complete asshole all right he's arrogant he's obnoxious all he does is make fun of me okay but..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "text": "incapable of innovation", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064" ], "lens_points": [ "lens-point:bureaucracy-blocks-its-founding-genius" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064", "segment_id": "seg-0064", "start": 4157.16, "end": 4227.99, "time_label": "1:09:17", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So this is the great irony of science. Science was initiated, inspired by the genius of Galileo, Newton, and Einstein. But today, science has developed to a point where it no longer is welcome. Galileo, Newton, or Einst..." } ], "lens_points_detail": [ { "id": "lens-point:bureaucracy-blocks-its-founding-genius", "valid": true, "concept": "bureaucracy-institutional-death", "title": null, "doc_title": "Bureaucracy As Institutional Death", "doc_slug": "lens/bureaucracy-as-institutional-death", "url": "/lens/bureaucracy-as-institutional-death/#bureaucracy-blocks-its-founding-genius", "text": "Bureaucracy blocks its founding genius when the system created by dangerous innovators later filters out people with their friction, strangeness, imagination, or revolutionary conviction.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064", "video:predictive-history-abs6z7vpemc@transcript:v1#seg-0051" ] } ] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3729.47, "end": 3791.84, "time_label": "1:02:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "is sent by God to tell us the truth okay that's Galileo Galileo if you actually met the person you would think this guy's a complete asshole all right he's arrogant he's obnoxious all he does is make fun of me okay but..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064", "segment_id": "seg-0064", "start": 4157.16, "end": 4227.99, "time_label": "1:09:17", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So this is the great irony of science. Science was initiated, inspired by the genius of Galileo, Newton, and Einstein. But today, science has developed to a point where it no longer is welcome. Galileo, Newton, or Einst..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "start": 3440, "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "segment_id": "seg-0041", "start": 2696.15, "end": 2752.62, "time_label": "44:56", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "relativity but um the theory of relativity also predicts the Big Bang because um space -time the idea of space -time is that space is in motion right that's why you have time because it's in motion well if it's in motio..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "segment_id": "seg-0042", "start": 2752.62, "end": 2812.2, "time_label": "45:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "is this massive energy explosion and so the galaxies will develop later but our data tells us the galaxies came before much much earlier than we expect okay that's the first thing second problem that we have with the Bi..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "segment_id": "seg-0043", "start": 2812.2, "end": 2874.4, "time_label": "46:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "dark energy means we don't know what it is okay doesn't mean it exists and we can't see it it just means we have no idea what it is we can explain why the Big Bang is expanding really fast at certain points and really s..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "segment_id": "seg-0044", "start": 2874.4, "end": 2930.38, "time_label": "47:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "have the most advanced science in the world and what and the reason why the most advanced science in the world is because they turn science into a bureaucracy a very specialized bureaucracy okay so I'm not going to read..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "segment_id": "seg-0045", "start": 2930.42, "end": 2994, "time_label": "48:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "These we call interpreters of nature. So these are theoreticians. They're the ones who take this experimental data and combine it into a theory. And so Bacon is proposing a scientific bureaucracy. And guess what, guys?..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0046", "segment_id": "seg-0046", "start": 2994, "end": 3062.02, "time_label": "49:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Society include Christopher Wren, who was a very famous architect, as well as Robert Dole, who was a very famous chemist. Okay. Basic background into the history of the Second Revolution. Today we are asking ourselves a..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "segment_id": "seg-0047", "start": 3062.16, "end": 3133.405, "time_label": "51:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Also, we're trying to develop immortality. Okay. We're looking for the elixir of immortality. So these are three massive ethical debates within science. And my argument to you today is that this is the wrong question to..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "segment_id": "seg-0048", "start": 3133.405, "end": 3198.42, "time_label": "52:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Just ask me. All right, so the real problem is this. Okay, the real problem is this. Science has become an imperial bureaucracy. That's the real issue, all right? If you think about the world we live in today, the field..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3729.47, "end": 3791.84, "time_label": "1:02:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "is sent by God to tell us the truth okay that's Galileo Galileo if you actually met the person you would think this guy's a complete asshole all right he's arrogant he's obnoxious all he does is make fun of me okay but..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "segment_id": "seg-0059", "start": 3791.9, "end": 3865.07, "time_label": "1:03:11", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because there will be other classes on these topics. We'll be discussing quantum mechanics at a future date. So I want to make sure that we understand the argument. Okay, so our argument is this. For most of history, sc..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "segment_id": "seg-0060", "start": 3865.53, "end": 3920.75, "time_label": "1:04:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay? And the second thing is they asked students how they think they did on that IQ test. Were you in the top 5 %? Were you in the bottom 5 %? Were you average? Okay? And it turned out that once they looked at all the..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "segment_id": "seg-0061", "start": 3920.75, "end": 4002.693, "time_label": "1:05:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "If you're able to doubt yourself, if you're able to question yourself, if you're able to self -reflect, that's a sign of an excellent student. Okay? In fact, the best sign of an excellent student. So the question then i..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "segment_id": "seg-0062", "start": 4002.693, "end": 4074.16, "time_label": "1:06:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And so what happens is that each department is inspecting and auditing the work of the previous department to make sure the results are, are accurate and correct. Okay? Does that make sense? And it turns out if you do i..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "segment_id": "seg-0063", "start": 4074.28, "end": 4154.51, "time_label": "1:07:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay? So if you run experiments, well, you use, you use a lot of instruments, okay? All of these instruments are so complicated that normal scientists don't really understand what you're doing. Okay? So that's the secon..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064", "segment_id": "seg-0064", "start": 4157.16, "end": 4227.99, "time_label": "1:09:17", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So this is the great irony of science. Science was initiated, inspired by the genius of Galileo, Newton, and Einstein. But today, science has developed to a point where it no longer is welcome. Galileo, Newton, or Einst..." } ] }, { "id": "prophecy-becomes-plan", "heading": "Prophecy Becomes Plan", "time_range": "70:31-78:42", "summary": "The closing Newton tangent turns theology into politics: prophecy matters when powerful people try to make it come true.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0069", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0077" ], "paragraphs": [ { "id": "prophecy-becomes-plan-001", "text": "After the lecture's formal ending, Newton returns. Why do we know about his apocalyptic interests? His papers were auctioned. Keynes bought some expecting mathematics and found alchemy and theology. Newton was reading the Bible as a code for the future, searching for the Second Coming.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0069", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070" ], "marks": [ { "text": "It was alchemy, it was theology", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "segment_id": "seg-0070", "start": 4370.996, "end": 4429.28, "time_label": "1:12:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because they reveal genius to you. But for whatever reason, they didn't really sell very well. OK. And the sale was so bad, the auction was so bad, that it was sold piecemeal, OK? And one person who bought the notes was..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "text": "secret code within the Bible", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "segment_id": "seg-0070", "start": 4370.996, "end": 4429.28, "time_label": "1:12:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because they reveal genius to you. But for whatever reason, they didn't really sell very well. OK. And the sale was so bad, the auction was so bad, that it was sold piecemeal, OK? And one person who bought the notes was..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "segment_id": "seg-0065", "start": 4231.1, "end": 4235.74, "time_label": "1:10:31", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So that's it. Any questions?" }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "segment_id": "seg-0066", "start": 4241.52, "end": 4259.01, "time_label": "1:10:41", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "OK. Modern science is great." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "segment_id": "seg-0067", "start": 4269.29, "end": 4288.18, "time_label": "1:11:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "OK. Well, thank you. Great. Any questions? OK, that's fine. OK. So OK, great." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "segment_id": "seg-0068", "start": 4289.52, "end": 4290.72, "time_label": "1:11:29", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "I didn't know about that." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0069", "segment_id": "seg-0069", "start": 4298.59, "end": 4370.996, "time_label": "1:11:38", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "OK. OK. So Newton. OK. So why do we know that Newton predicted the end of the world? OK. The reason why is this. So Newton didn't. He didn't have any family. He didn't have a wife. He didn't have any children. So his en..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "segment_id": "seg-0070", "start": 4370.996, "end": 4429.28, "time_label": "1:12:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because they reveal genius to you. But for whatever reason, they didn't really sell very well. OK. And the sale was so bad, the auction was so bad, that it was sold piecemeal, OK? And one person who bought the notes was..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "prophecy-becomes-plan-002", "text": "The point is not only that Newton predicted 2060. It is that prediction becomes logistics. If Jesus is returning, how does he return? What conditions must be met? Jiang's Newton becomes part of Christian Zionism: return the Jews to Jerusalem, make the prophecy executable, and turn England, America, and eventually the Balfour Declaration into a chain of theological politics.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075" ], "marks": [ { "text": "how he returns", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4431.96, "end": 4497.35, "time_label": "1:13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He was convinced that Jesus will return. I mean, these are all Christians at this point, right? He was actually convinced that Jesus will return. And so he wanted to know when he would return and how he would return, OK..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "text": "America is the new Jerusalem", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4555, "end": 4613.54, "time_label": "1:15:55", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And he was the representative. He was the representative of God on Earth. He was here on a divine mission. So he was part of the secret society to try to achieve Christian Zionism and to discover when the Second Coming..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4431.96, "end": 4497.35, "time_label": "1:13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He was convinced that Jesus will return. I mean, these are all Christians at this point, right? He was actually convinced that Jesus will return. And so he wanted to know when he would return and how he would return, OK..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4497.57, "end": 4554.98, "time_label": "1:14:57", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "OK? He was actually convinced that we had to get all the world's Jews and return them to Jerusalem, OK? Only problem was Jews didn't want to go back, OK? And so I think Newton, and this is completely unknown about him,..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4555, "end": 4613.54, "time_label": "1:15:55", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And he was the representative. He was the representative of God on Earth. He was here on a divine mission. So he was part of the secret society to try to achieve Christian Zionism and to discover when the Second Coming..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074", "segment_id": "seg-0074", "start": 4613.54, "end": 4639.3, "time_label": "1:16:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "World War I, when the Ottoman Empire was defeated, the British Empire now gives permission to all the Jews in the world to return to Jerusalem whether or not they want to. OK? So this is why history is so important. Bec..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075", "segment_id": "seg-0075", "start": 4639.54, "end": 4642.58, "time_label": "1:17:19", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "I'm sorry. He was right. 2060." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "prophecy-becomes-plan-003", "text": "This is why the tangent belongs to the episode. The lecture has been about knowledge, faith, and institutional power from the beginning. The final warning is that belief becomes dangerous when powerful people treat it as an engineering problem. It is not really a prophecy. It is a plan.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0077" ], "marks": [ { "text": "not really a prophecy", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "segment_id": "seg-0076", "start": 4644.33, "end": 4703.53, "time_label": "1:17:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Well, again, OK. I'm just kidding. So 2060, again, that's not the issue. The issue is that there are very powerful people in this world who believe in this and who believe that it is the divine mission to make this come..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "text": "It's really a plan", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "segment_id": "seg-0076", "start": 4644.33, "end": 4703.53, "time_label": "1:17:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Well, again, OK. I'm just kidding. So 2060, again, that's not the issue. The issue is that there are very powerful people in this world who believe in this and who believe that it is the divine mission to make this come..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074", "segment_id": "seg-0074", "start": 4613.54, "end": 4639.3, "time_label": "1:16:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "World War I, when the Ottoman Empire was defeated, the British Empire now gives permission to all the Jews in the world to return to Jerusalem whether or not they want to. OK? So this is why history is so important. Bec..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "segment_id": "seg-0076", "start": 4644.33, "end": 4703.53, "time_label": "1:17:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Well, again, OK. I'm just kidding. So 2060, again, that's not the issue. The issue is that there are very powerful people in this world who believe in this and who believe that it is the divine mission to make this come..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0077", "segment_id": "seg-0077", "start": 4703.75, "end": 4722.2, "time_label": "1:18:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "That should be the major concern. All right? OK? So I apologize for that. I apologize for going on this tangent. But so we don't have class on Thursday. But next Tuesday, we'll start the Age of Exploration. OK?" } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "start": 4231, "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "segment_id": "seg-0065", "start": 4231.1, "end": 4235.74, "time_label": "1:10:31", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So that's it. Any questions?" }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "segment_id": "seg-0066", "start": 4241.52, "end": 4259.01, "time_label": "1:10:41", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "OK. Modern science is great." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "segment_id": "seg-0067", "start": 4269.29, "end": 4288.18, "time_label": "1:11:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "OK. Well, thank you. Great. Any questions? OK, that's fine. OK. So OK, great." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "segment_id": "seg-0068", "start": 4289.52, "end": 4290.72, "time_label": "1:11:29", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "I didn't know about that." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0069", "segment_id": "seg-0069", "start": 4298.59, "end": 4370.996, "time_label": "1:11:38", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "OK. OK. So Newton. OK. So why do we know that Newton predicted the end of the world? OK. The reason why is this. So Newton didn't. He didn't have any family. He didn't have a wife. He didn't have any children. So his en..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "segment_id": "seg-0070", "start": 4370.996, "end": 4429.28, "time_label": "1:12:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because they reveal genius to you. But for whatever reason, they didn't really sell very well. OK. And the sale was so bad, the auction was so bad, that it was sold piecemeal, OK? And one person who bought the notes was..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4431.96, "end": 4497.35, "time_label": "1:13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He was convinced that Jesus will return. I mean, these are all Christians at this point, right? He was actually convinced that Jesus will return. And so he wanted to know when he would return and how he would return, OK..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4497.57, "end": 4554.98, "time_label": "1:14:57", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "OK? He was actually convinced that we had to get all the world's Jews and return them to Jerusalem, OK? Only problem was Jews didn't want to go back, OK? And so I think Newton, and this is completely unknown about him,..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4555, "end": 4613.54, "time_label": "1:15:55", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And he was the representative. He was the representative of God on Earth. He was here on a divine mission. So he was part of the secret society to try to achieve Christian Zionism and to discover when the Second Coming..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074", "segment_id": "seg-0074", "start": 4613.54, "end": 4639.3, "time_label": "1:16:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "World War I, when the Ottoman Empire was defeated, the British Empire now gives permission to all the Jews in the world to return to Jerusalem whether or not they want to. OK? So this is why history is so important. Bec..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075", "segment_id": "seg-0075", "start": 4639.54, "end": 4642.58, "time_label": "1:17:19", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "I'm sorry. He was right. 2060." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "segment_id": "seg-0076", "start": 4644.33, "end": 4703.53, "time_label": "1:17:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Well, again, OK. I'm just kidding. So 2060, again, that's not the issue. The issue is that there are very powerful people in this world who believe in this and who believe that it is the divine mission to make this come..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0077", "segment_id": "seg-0077", "start": 4703.75, "end": 4722.2, "time_label": "1:18:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "That should be the major concern. All right? OK? So I apologize for that. I apologize for going on this tangent. But so we don't have class on Thursday. But next Tuesday, we'll start the Age of Exploration. OK?" } ] } ], "questions": [], "source_notes": [ { "id": "asr-scientific-revolution", "text": "The transcript repeatedly renders 'Scientific Revolution' as 'Second Revolution' or 'Sino -Revolution'. The read uses Scientific Revolution where context clearly requires it.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0012", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0013" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "segment_id": "seg-0001", "start": 0, "end": 74.5, "time_label": "0:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay, good morning. So today we do the Second Revolution, okay? And as I mentioned in previous classes, it was really Dante who helped give birth to the idea of modernity. And he really launched three major movements, w..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0012", "segment_id": "seg-0012", "start": 759.2, "end": 831.09, "time_label": "12:39", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "It's basically a psychedelic, okay? Today, we don't rely on intuition and imagination. We think this is superstitious. We rely mainly on something called the scientific method, okay? And later on, I will... We'll discus..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "segment_id": "seg-0013", "start": 831.59, "end": 905.6, "time_label": "13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Without these theological assumptions, the Sino -Revolution would not be possible, okay? So the first and most important idea is the idea of monotheism. There is one God, okay? And again, the very idea of monotheism is..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "id": "student-remarks", "text": "The captured student comments near the end are remarks and a date correction, not substantive questions, so the public questions list is empty.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "segment_id": "seg-0066", "start": 4241.52, "end": 4259.01, "time_label": "1:10:41", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "OK. Modern science is great." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "segment_id": "seg-0068", "start": 4289.52, "end": 4290.72, "time_label": "1:11:29", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "I didn't know about that." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075", "segment_id": "seg-0075", "start": 4639.54, "end": 4642.58, "time_label": "1:17:19", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "I'm sorry. He was right. 2060." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ] }, "transcript": [ { "id": "seg-0001", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "start": 0, "end": 74.5, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "Okay, good morning. So today we do the Second Revolution, okay? And as I mentioned in previous classes, it was really Dante who helped give birth to the idea of modernity. And he really launched three major movements, which include the Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation, and the Second Revolution. Okay, we would not have modernity without Dante. Okay, all right, so let's see how the three connect together. Okay, we're going to review the previous two classes to connect to today's class on the Second Revolution. So the Renaissance, what it was, was it was a celebration of what makes us human. Before we were focused on the divine, on the idea of God. Now we want to tell the story of what it means to be human. Okay, that's the Renaissance. Protestantism believes that we have direct access. The Catholic religion, the Pope is the divine representative, and the clergy is the spokesperson for God. But Protestantism believes that we have direct access to God.", "word_count": 166, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-001", "start": 0, "end": 0.78, "text": "Okay, good morning.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-002", "start": 0.88, "end": 2.98, "text": "So today we do the Second Revolution,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-003", "start": 3.5, "end": 7.62, "text": "okay? And as I mentioned in previous classes,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-004", "start": 7.94, "end": 13.48, "text": "it was really Dante who helped give birth to the idea of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-005", "start": 13.48, "end": 17.1, "text": "modernity. And he really launched three major movements,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-006", "start": 17.2, "end": 19.94, "text": "which include the Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-007", "start": 20.3, "end": 21.2, "text": "and the Second Revolution.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-008", "start": 21.74, "end": 25.92, "text": "Okay, we would not have modernity without Dante.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-009", "start": 25.92, "end": 33.12, "text": "Okay, all right, so let's see how the three connect together.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-010", "start": 33.34, "end": 37.6, "text": "Okay, we're going to review the previous two classes to connect to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-011", "start": 37.6, "end": 39.56, "text": "today's class on the Second Revolution.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-012", "start": 40.02, "end": 41.96, "text": "So the Renaissance, what it was,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-013", "start": 41.96, "end": 45.46, "text": "was it was a celebration of what makes us human.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-014", "start": 45.9, "end": 47.82, "text": "Before we were focused on the divine,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-015", "start": 48.16, "end": 50, "text": "on the idea of God.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-016", "start": 50.24, "end": 52.96, "text": "Now we want to tell the story of what it means to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-017", "start": 52.96, "end": 53.44, "text": "be human.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-018", "start": 53.56, "end": 54.36, "text": "Okay, that's the Renaissance.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-019", "start": 55.74, "end": 58.04, "text": "Protestantism believes that we have direct access.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-020", "start": 58.32, "end": 63.18, "text": "The Catholic religion, the Pope is the divine representative,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-021", "start": 63.54, "end": 70.44, "text": "and the clergy is the spokesperson for God.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-022", "start": 70.74, "end": 72.96, "text": "But Protestantism believes that", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0001-chunk-023", "start": 72.96, "end": 74.5, "text": "we have direct access to God.", "word_count": 6 } ], "text_sha256": "d4b5b415b1f65d3255c7377458e482668ff4042cb06af0d2ceb27f1aebf6d032", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0001", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=0s", "time_label": "0:00", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0002", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0002", "start": 74.64, "end": 146.795, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "We should be able to speak with God directly through the Bible. The Second Revolution, it's really about how can we know God, okay? That's the idea. That's the idea of the Second Revolution. So let's review why we have these ideas. And it has to do with Dante. So remember last week we discussed the dialogue between Beatrice and Dante. Let's review it really quickly. So Beatrice is saying, I just said that God is perfect. Whatever God touches, whatever God creates is perfect. So if that's the case, why is it that there is decay? Okay, destruction and death in this world, what are the forces that give rise to this decay? And then she explains, okay, whatever God creates is perfect. So angels are perfect. They're immortal. They're eternal. But the elements that are in this world, they are not created by God. What is created by God are the divine laws.", "word_count": 155, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-001", "start": 74.64, "end": 78.78, "text": "We should be able to speak with God directly through the Bible.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-002", "start": 81.08, "end": 86.82, "text": "The Second Revolution, it's really about how can we know God,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-003", "start": 87.11, "end": 88.75, "text": "okay? That's the idea.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-004", "start": 88.83, "end": 89.81, "text": "That's the idea of the Second Revolution.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-005", "start": 90.23, "end": 93.95, "text": "So let's review why we have these ideas.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-006", "start": 94.17, "end": 96.29, "text": "And it has to do with Dante.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-007", "start": 96.65, "end": 102.29, "text": "So remember last week we discussed the dialogue between Beatrice and Dante.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-008", "start": 102.59, "end": 103.75, "text": "Let's review it really quickly.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-009", "start": 104.13, "end": 110.73, "text": "So Beatrice is saying, I just said that God is perfect.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-010", "start": 110.89, "end": 113.45, "text": "Whatever God touches, whatever God creates is perfect.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-011", "start": 113.69, "end": 115.05, "text": "So if that's the case,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-012", "start": 115.33, "end": 117.91, "text": "why is it that there is decay?", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-013", "start": 117.91, "end": 121.37, "text": "Okay, destruction and death in this world,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-014", "start": 121.51, "end": 126.59, "text": "what are the forces that give rise to this decay?", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-015", "start": 127.29, "end": 129.73, "text": "And then she explains, okay,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-016", "start": 129.85, "end": 132.47, "text": "whatever God creates is perfect.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-017", "start": 132.55, "end": 133.59, "text": "So angels are perfect.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-018", "start": 133.67, "end": 134.33, "text": "They're immortal.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-019", "start": 134.55, "end": 135.17, "text": "They're eternal.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-020", "start": 135.57, "end": 139.55, "text": "But the elements that are in this world,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-021", "start": 139.67, "end": 143.22, "text": "they are not created by God.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-022", "start": 143.36, "end": 146.6, "text": "What is created by God are the divine", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0002-chunk-023", "start": 146.6, "end": 146.795, "text": "laws.", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "47f265512d36cd0f3ac622d463e308f58a4a1b1fbc05138e85eb7150d958a0db", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0002", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=74s", "time_label": "1:14", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0003", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0003", "start": 146.795, "end": 209.12, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "What is created by God are the laws that underlie the universe, God created the atoms, God created the laws that allow these atoms to interact with each other, okay? So the rays and motion of the holy light draw forth the soul of every animal and plant from matter able to take form. So it's these divine laws that create the animals and the plants. But these divine laws also necessitate that they die in order for new forms to come into being, okay? So this is the idea of evolution. We humans are special. Why? Because we are both divinely created and created by the laws of the universe. We have a dual nature. And the main advantage of this dual nature is it gives us a capacity to imagine. Remember, the issue of God is that God is perfect. If you're perfect, if you're eternal, if you're immutable, you lack an imagination. Because there's no body.", "word_count": 159, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-001", "start": 146.795, "end": 148.94, "text": "What is created by God are the laws that underlie the", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-002", "start": 148.94, "end": 151.02, "text": "universe, God created the atoms,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-003", "start": 151.14, "end": 155.23, "text": "God created the laws that allow these atoms to interact with each", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-004", "start": 155.23, "end": 156.05, "text": "other, okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-005", "start": 157.15, "end": 161.17, "text": "So the rays and motion of the holy light draw forth the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-006", "start": 161.17, "end": 164.39, "text": "soul of every animal and plant from matter able to take form.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-007", "start": 164.61, "end": 168.99, "text": "So it's these divine laws that create the animals and the plants.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-008", "start": 169.63, "end": 174.91, "text": "But these divine laws also necessitate that they die in order for", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-009", "start": 174.91, "end": 176.95, "text": "new forms to come into being,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-010", "start": 177.01, "end": 179.19, "text": "okay? So this is the idea of evolution.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-011", "start": 182.96, "end": 184.44, "text": "We humans are special.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-012", "start": 184.84, "end": 191.4, "text": "Why? Because we are both divinely created and created by the laws", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-013", "start": 191.4, "end": 191.86, "text": "of the universe.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-014", "start": 192.08, "end": 193.14, "text": "We have a dual nature.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-015", "start": 193.62, "end": 197.4, "text": "And the main advantage of this dual nature is it gives us", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-016", "start": 197.4, "end": 198.66, "text": "a capacity to imagine.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-017", "start": 199.46, "end": 202.82, "text": "Remember, the issue of God is that God is perfect.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-018", "start": 203.24, "end": 205.58, "text": "If you're perfect, if you're eternal,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-019", "start": 205.86, "end": 208.02, "text": "if you're immutable, you lack an imagination.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0003-chunk-020", "start": 208.34, "end": 209.12, "text": "Because there's no body.", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "930ca0f6b1cac4777cd9a739e1cdb37b5f313e575142fce882bd40f5ca71623a", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0003", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=146s", "time_label": "2:26", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0004", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0004", "start": 209.12, "end": 268.4, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "There's no boundaries to you. But if you're human, you're forced to have an imagination because you'll make mistakes. You will fail. There are things that you do not know. And the imagination gives you the capacity to know this world and to perfect this world, okay? So that's what it means to be fundamentally human. Okay, so let's recap, okay? These are the three main messages that Dante is relaying to us through his poetry. First of all, God is within us. How do we know? Because we are capable of loving others. God is the light of love within us. The more we love someone, the more this light grows in us, okay? So we must focus on loving someone who is dear to us. Second idea is we have the imagination and thus responsibility to discover the universal laws underlying reality. God created the laws of the universe. God created us in order to know these laws, okay?", "word_count": 161, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-001", "start": 209.12, "end": 210.02, "text": "There's no boundaries to you.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-002", "start": 210.26, "end": 214.98, "text": "But if you're human, you're forced to have an imagination because you'll", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-003", "start": 214.98, "end": 215.48, "text": "make mistakes.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-004", "start": 215.8, "end": 216.86, "text": "You will fail.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-005", "start": 217.04, "end": 218.74, "text": "There are things that you do not know.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-006", "start": 219, "end": 225.06, "text": "And the imagination gives you the capacity to know this world and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-007", "start": 225.06, "end": 226.24, "text": "to perfect this world, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-008", "start": 226.72, "end": 229.28, "text": "So that's what it means to be fundamentally human.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-009", "start": 229.74, "end": 232.46, "text": "Okay, so let's recap, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-010", "start": 232.56, "end": 235.78, "text": "These are the three main messages that Dante is relaying to us", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-011", "start": 235.78, "end": 236.46, "text": "through his poetry.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-012", "start": 236.7, "end": 239.02, "text": "First of all, God is within us.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-013", "start": 239.18, "end": 240.08, "text": "How do we know?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-014", "start": 240.2, "end": 242.46, "text": "Because we are capable of loving others.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-015", "start": 243.16, "end": 246.26, "text": "God is the light of love within us.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-016", "start": 246.36, "end": 247.36, "text": "The more we love someone,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-017", "start": 247.6, "end": 249.42, "text": "the more this light grows in us,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-018", "start": 249.58, "end": 253.84, "text": "okay? So we must focus on loving someone who is dear to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-019", "start": 253.84, "end": 258.72, "text": "us. Second idea is we have the imagination and thus responsibility to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-020", "start": 258.72, "end": 261.16, "text": "discover the universal laws underlying reality.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-021", "start": 261.64, "end": 264.36, "text": "God created the laws of the universe.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-022", "start": 264.42, "end": 267.64, "text": "God created us in order to know these laws,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0004-chunk-023", "start": 267.98, "end": 268.4, "text": "okay?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "3a8eb9e2ca098d35cc5c37ea6c9381a032fbcf1f077ba8906dcd5add01721572", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0004", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=209s", "time_label": "3:29", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0005", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0005", "start": 268.4, "end": 334.95, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "That's very fundamental to the idea of science. And last idea is we can master these laws to better our reality, okay? So these are the three hidden messages of divine comedy that will influence the development of science in the Western world. Okay, so I want to talk briefly about science that has traditionally been practiced in ancient societies. Okay? So in ancient societies, the major ancient society, civilizations are China, Egypt, and India. And you will see a lot of similarities among these three civilizations on how they practice the idea of science, okay? It's very intuitive, it's very imaginative, it will make sense to you, okay? So the first science that they focus a lot on is the idea of sacred geometry. I'm not sure if you've heard of this, okay? But the idea of sacred geometry is that the underlying fundamental structure of the universe, of reality are geometric shapes, okay?", "word_count": 155, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-001", "start": 268.4, "end": 271.76, "text": "That's very fundamental to the idea of science.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-002", "start": 271.96, "end": 276.3, "text": "And last idea is we can master these laws to better our", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-003", "start": 276.3, "end": 277.56, "text": "reality, okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-004", "start": 277.68, "end": 282.78, "text": "So these are the three hidden messages of divine comedy that will", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-005", "start": 282.78, "end": 286.44, "text": "influence the development of science in the Western world.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-006", "start": 286.9, "end": 291.42, "text": "Okay, so I want to talk briefly about science that has traditionally", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-007", "start": 291.42, "end": 293.84, "text": "been practiced in ancient societies.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-008", "start": 294.28, "end": 297.16, "text": "Okay? So in ancient societies,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-009", "start": 297.3, "end": 300.3, "text": "the major ancient society, civilizations are China,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-010", "start": 300.5, "end": 302.24, "text": "Egypt, and India.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-011", "start": 302.54, "end": 306.68, "text": "And you will see a lot of similarities among these three civilizations", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-012", "start": 306.68, "end": 310, "text": "on how they practice the idea of science,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-013", "start": 310.24, "end": 313.04, "text": "okay? It's very intuitive, it's very imaginative,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-014", "start": 313.24, "end": 315.66, "text": "it will make sense to you,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-015", "start": 315.7, "end": 320.18, "text": "okay? So the first science that they focus a lot on is", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-016", "start": 320.18, "end": 321.36, "text": "the idea of sacred geometry.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-017", "start": 321.78, "end": 323.46, "text": "I'm not sure if you've heard of this,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-018", "start": 323.54, "end": 328.34, "text": "okay? But the idea of sacred geometry is that the underlying fundamental", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-019", "start": 328.34, "end": 334.34, "text": "structure of the universe, of reality are geometric shapes,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0005-chunk-020", "start": 334.56, "end": 334.95, "text": "okay?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "ef99df6d64c8dc7395748b072d1c9859591ad5aeec5963e75de8ec07b58c75c0", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0005", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=268s", "time_label": "4:28", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0006", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "start": 334.95, "end": 406.51, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "And from these geometric shapes you can give rise to every possible reality, alright? So this is called the Egg of Life and from the egg of life you just keep on expanding it you will get all reality, okay? These are actually three different 3D, 4D shapes. I can't illustrate them, but if you're curious, go online, these are beautiful ideas. So there are two possible ways to understand sacred geometry. The first possible way is to understand them as solids. So the Egyptians understood them as solids, and Plato understood them as solids. Remember Plato, a lot of his philosophy is derived from the Egyptians. And the idea of sacred geometry, it's very apparent in Plato's writings, and he got this from the Egyptians. So basically the idea is that if you train yourself on how to understand sacred geometry, and how to manipulate sacred geometry in your head, you can access God, okay? So the first idea is to understand it as solids.", "word_count": 166, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-001", "start": 334.95, "end": 341.77, "text": "And from these geometric shapes you can give rise to every possible reality,", "word_count": 13 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-002", "start": 342.07, "end": 346.99, "text": "alright? So this is called the Egg of Life and from the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-003", "start": 346.99, "end": 350.07, "text": "egg of life you just keep on expanding it you will get", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-004", "start": 350.07, "end": 352.29, "text": "all reality, okay?", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-005", "start": 353.49, "end": 355.03, "text": "These are actually three different 3D,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-006", "start": 355.17, "end": 356.15, "text": "4D shapes.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-007", "start": 356.51, "end": 359.27, "text": "I can't illustrate them, but if you're curious,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-008", "start": 359.51, "end": 363.91, "text": "go online, these are beautiful ideas.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-009", "start": 365.65, "end": 369.09, "text": "So there are two possible ways to understand sacred geometry.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-010", "start": 369.75, "end": 373.35, "text": "The first possible way is to understand them as solids.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-011", "start": 373.81, "end": 375.65, "text": "So the Egyptians understood them as solids,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-012", "start": 375.85, "end": 379.01, "text": "and Plato understood them as solids.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-013", "start": 379.21, "end": 382.95, "text": "Remember Plato, a lot of his philosophy is derived from the Egyptians.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-014", "start": 382.95, "end": 385.11, "text": "And the idea of sacred geometry,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-015", "start": 385.41, "end": 388.11, "text": "it's very apparent in Plato's writings,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-016", "start": 388.67, "end": 391.43, "text": "and he got this from the Egyptians.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-017", "start": 391.73, "end": 395.93, "text": "So basically the idea is that if you train yourself on how", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-018", "start": 395.93, "end": 399.81, "text": "to understand sacred geometry, and how to manipulate sacred geometry in your", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-019", "start": 399.81, "end": 401.37, "text": "head, you can access God,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-020", "start": 401.63, "end": 404.95, "text": "okay? So the first idea is to understand it", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0006-chunk-021", "start": 404.95, "end": 406.51, "text": "as solids.", "word_count": 2 } ], "text_sha256": "13154dc9a422dfb3b399f736ea12abe8823db5157e7f779ab93b7eab80279319", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0006", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=334s", "time_label": "5:34", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0007", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0007", "start": 406.75, "end": 483.64, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "But there's another way you can understand sacred geometry, and it's as vibrations, as energy, as a force, okay? And this is the way that the Chinese understand sacred geometry, right? As chi, as life force, as well as the Hindus. And so imagine a monk who's breathing, okay? Who's meditating. What is he doing? He's breathing, and he's meditating, and he's focusing his energies in order to achieve the sacred geometry within him. The monk will often say things like, om, om, om, okay? He's causing vibrations that try to mimic the sacred geometry. Why is he doing this? Because the belief at this time is that if there is a God, okay? If there's a creator God, the question is, how does it think, right? It's not gonna think with words the way we do. It's gonna think using words. It's gonna think using mathematics, with sacred geometry. And by thinking, he is going to create the underlying universe, and how does he do that?", "word_count": 167, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-001", "start": 406.75, "end": 408.97, "text": "But there's another way you can understand sacred geometry,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-002", "start": 409.19, "end": 412.05, "text": "and it's as vibrations, as energy,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-003", "start": 412.05, "end": 413.93, "text": "as a force, okay?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-004", "start": 413.99, "end": 417.61, "text": "And this is the way that the Chinese understand sacred geometry,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-005", "start": 417.77, "end": 420.11, "text": "right? As chi, as life force,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-006", "start": 420.17, "end": 422.07, "text": "as well as the Hindus.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-007", "start": 422.39, "end": 425.97, "text": "And so imagine a monk who's breathing,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-008", "start": 426.33, "end": 427.87, "text": "okay? Who's meditating.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-009", "start": 428.15, "end": 429.15, "text": "What is he doing?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-010", "start": 429.71, "end": 432.53, "text": "He's breathing, and he's meditating,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-011", "start": 432.75, "end": 437.11, "text": "and he's focusing his energies in order to achieve the sacred geometry", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-012", "start": 437.11, "end": 438.43, "text": "within him.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-013", "start": 438.67, "end": 440.79, "text": "The monk will often say things like,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-014", "start": 440.79, "end": 447.63, "text": "om, om, om, okay?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-015", "start": 447.77, "end": 452.55, "text": "He's causing vibrations that try to mimic the sacred geometry.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-016", "start": 453.55, "end": 454.57, "text": "Why is he doing this?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-017", "start": 454.71, "end": 458.79, "text": "Because the belief at this time is that if there is a", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-018", "start": 458.79, "end": 459.59, "text": "God, okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-019", "start": 460.11, "end": 462.29, "text": "If there's a creator God,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-020", "start": 462.55, "end": 467.03, "text": "the question is, how does it think,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-021", "start": 467.19, "end": 471.06, "text": "right? It's not gonna think with words the way we do.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-022", "start": 471.22, "end": 472.62, "text": "It's gonna think using words.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-023", "start": 472.64, "end": 473.12, "text": "It's gonna think using mathematics,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-024", "start": 473.28, "end": 474.62, "text": "with sacred geometry.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-025", "start": 475.1, "end": 479.65, "text": "And by thinking, he is going to create", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0007-chunk-026", "start": 479.65, "end": 483.64, "text": "the underlying universe, and how does he do that?", "word_count": 9 } ], "text_sha256": "6606914dd54bd2deafb01598ac1c0bc4749213b6281d941af0ca73feb209871f", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0007", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=406s", "time_label": "6:46", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0008", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0008", "start": 483.76, "end": 549.7, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "He does it by breathing. Breathing in, emitting sacred geometry, and then breathing out, breathing back in, okay? Inhaling, exhaling, and this will give rise to the universe. So if you're a monk or a priest, you practice meditation in order to try to mimic, okay? The act of creation. And if you are able to succeed, then what will happen is, you harmonize yourself with the vibrations of the universe, and therefore you're able to access divine energy, okay? So that's the idea of sacred geometry. And again, it's a very complicated idea, but that's a general gist. Any questions? Okay, and again, this should make intuitive sense, okay? This should make intuitive sense to you. All right, the second big field that the Egyptians, the Chinese, and the Indians were really passionate about is astronomy and astrology, okay? So the Egyptians basically created astrology. And the idea is that", "word_count": 151, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-001", "start": 483.76, "end": 484.92, "text": "He does it by breathing.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-002", "start": 485.3, "end": 487.82, "text": "Breathing in, emitting sacred geometry,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-003", "start": 488.06, "end": 489.92, "text": "and then breathing out, breathing back in,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-004", "start": 490, "end": 494.64, "text": "okay? Inhaling, exhaling, and this will give rise to the universe.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-005", "start": 494.94, "end": 497.68, "text": "So if you're a monk or a priest,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-006", "start": 497.94, "end": 502.24, "text": "you practice meditation in order to try to mimic,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-007", "start": 502.42, "end": 505, "text": "okay? The act of creation.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-008", "start": 505.28, "end": 506.58, "text": "And if you are able to succeed,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-009", "start": 506.96, "end": 507.94, "text": "then what will happen is,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-010", "start": 508.06, "end": 513.06, "text": "you harmonize yourself with the vibrations of the universe,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-011", "start": 513.28, "end": 516.2, "text": "and therefore you're able to access divine energy,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-012", "start": 516.4, "end": 518.82, "text": "okay? So that's the idea of sacred geometry.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-013", "start": 519.26, "end": 522.62, "text": "And again, it's a very complicated idea,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-014", "start": 523.76, "end": 525.24, "text": "but that's a general gist.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-015", "start": 526.58, "end": 527.62, "text": "Any questions?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-016", "start": 529.34, "end": 531.74, "text": "Okay, and again, this should make intuitive sense,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-017", "start": 531.9, "end": 534.04, "text": "okay? This should make intuitive sense to you.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-018", "start": 534.04, "end": 537.62, "text": "All right, the second big field that the Egyptians,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-019", "start": 537.7, "end": 545.2, "text": "the Chinese, and the Indians were really passionate about is astronomy and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-020", "start": 545.2, "end": 546, "text": "astrology, okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-021", "start": 546.1, "end": 547.76, "text": "So the Egyptians basically created astrology.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0008-chunk-022", "start": 548.18, "end": 549.7, "text": "And the idea is that", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "bdd4f3a74094bdaee7468fae545b6dd0ff2e9c39ac319b5b1964ef234b06d2c5", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0008", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=483s", "time_label": "8:03", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0009", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "start": 549.7, "end": 616.34, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "you're trying to link the movement of the stars, the cosmos, with events in the world, okay? So by understanding the movement of stars, you're able to divine, or predict the future of humanity. Okay? So every major king had an astrologist in order to divine the future through the practice of astronomy and astrology. All right, and the last thing is alchemy. What is alchemy? Alchemy is basically chemistry and sorcery combined together. This is a polytheistic world. And the idea is that, because it's a polytheistic world, it's a chaotic world, and somehow, if you're clever enough, you're able to, okay? To hack this world, okay? Think of it as hacking. That there are secrets to this world, and you are able to take elements in this world, combine together, and create something called the Philosopher's Stone. The Philosopher's Stone is the power of God in order to give you the elixir of immortality, in order to live forever, as well as to manipulate the environment.", "word_count": 168, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-001", "start": 549.7, "end": 551.9, "text": "you're trying to link the movement of the stars,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-002", "start": 551.94, "end": 556.24, "text": "the cosmos, with events in the world,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-003", "start": 556.34, "end": 558.94, "text": "okay? So by understanding the movement of stars,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-004", "start": 559.08, "end": 562.9, "text": "you're able to divine, or predict the future of humanity.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-005", "start": 563.22, "end": 568.76, "text": "Okay? 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To hack this world,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-016", "start": 595.56, "end": 596.94, "text": "okay? Think of it as hacking.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-017", "start": 597.32, "end": 599, "text": "That there are secrets to this world,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-018", "start": 599.6, "end": 603.46, "text": "and you are able to take elements in this world,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-019", "start": 603.52, "end": 605.72, "text": "combine together, and create something called the Philosopher's Stone.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-020", "start": 606.18, "end": 610.92, "text": "The Philosopher's Stone is the power of God in order to give", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-021", "start": 610.92, "end": 612.68, "text": "you the elixir of immortality,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-022", "start": 612.74, "end": 613.28, "text": "in order to live", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0009-chunk-023", "start": 613.28, "end": 616.34, "text": "forever, as well as to manipulate the environment.", "word_count": 8 } ], "text_sha256": "926b39170a03ca6541de038013d4a8ec9ea4bc23fb0104e1c835e4b180b8c578", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0009", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=549s", "time_label": "9:09", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0010", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "start": 616.56, "end": 684.86, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "So basically, it turned lead into gold. And again, this was an extremely popular practice in the primitive societies, okay? So these are three major sciences in the primitive societies. China, Egypt, and India. And they promulgated outwards and influenced other societies. We still have them today, okay? There are still people who practice alchemy, sacred geometry, and astrology today, okay? Any questions about this before I move on? Okay, so this is primitive science. So the question then is, what's the difference? Okay, so let's focus on the three major differences between pre -modern science and modern science, okay? The first major difference is, it focuses on the spiritual world, on the outer -worldly. All right, and the point of science was to create harmony between our world and the spiritual world, okay? Because if you harmonize these two worlds, you can have a more prosperous, more peaceful, more meaningful future.", "word_count": 152, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-001", "start": 616.56, "end": 618.18, "text": "So basically, it turned lead into gold.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-002", "start": 618.42, "end": 625, "text": "And again, this was an extremely popular practice in the primitive societies,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-003", "start": 625, "end": 630.02, "text": "okay? So these are three major sciences in the primitive societies.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-004", "start": 630.72, "end": 633.28, "text": "China, Egypt, and India.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-005", "start": 633.42, "end": 639.34, "text": "And they promulgated outwards and influenced other societies.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-006", "start": 639.5, "end": 640.8, "text": "We still have them today,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-007", "start": 640.92, "end": 643.22, "text": "okay? There are still people who practice alchemy,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-008", "start": 644.46, "end": 648.04, "text": "sacred geometry, and astrology today,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-009", "start": 648.18, "end": 652.72, "text": "okay? Any questions about this before I move on?", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-010", "start": 652.72, "end": 656.63, "text": "Okay, so this is primitive science.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-011", "start": 657.13, "end": 658.33, "text": "So the question then is,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-012", "start": 658.53, "end": 659.83, "text": "what's the difference?", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-013", "start": 660.11, "end": 665.32, "text": "Okay, so let's focus on the three major differences between pre -modern", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-014", "start": 665.32, "end": 667.04, "text": "science and modern science, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-015", "start": 667.1, "end": 668.6, "text": "The first major difference is,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-016", "start": 668.92, "end": 671.74, "text": "it focuses on the spiritual world,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-017", "start": 671.78, "end": 672.98, "text": "on the outer -worldly.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-018", "start": 673.16, "end": 675.94, "text": "All right, and the point of science was to create harmony between", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-019", "start": 675.94, "end": 678.18, "text": "our world and the spiritual world,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-020", "start": 678.32, "end": 680.76, "text": "okay? Because if you harmonize these two worlds,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-021", "start": 680.88, "end": 682.76, "text": "you can have a more prosperous,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0010-chunk-022", "start": 682.98, "end": 684.86, "text": "more peaceful, more meaningful future.", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "61c8de70d2a6bf2e2a32cdf93cd89417c98b51fe920b08d4953e8a48bde5968a", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0010", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=616s", "time_label": "10:16", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0011", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "start": 686.78, "end": 758.96, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "Today, we are only focused on the material world, the world that we can see and know, in order to create progress, okay? We've abandoned the spiritual world, and we focus on this material world in order to manipulate it, in order to promote technological progress. And quite honestly, we have been extremely successful at that. In fact, I will argue we've been too successful at that, okay? So that's the first major difference between pre -modern and modern science. Second major difference is that pre -modern science relies entirely on intuition and imagination, okay? You don't do experiments. You don't have conferences. You don't debate. You just meditate. You just dream, okay? And you often fall into trances in order to communicate with the spiritual world. In this world, they use a lot of heliocerogenics, okay? They... They use a lot of psychedelics, okay? Including magic mushrooms, a drink called soma, which is very important in the Hindu religion, as well as the Zoroastrian religion.", "word_count": 166, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-001", "start": 686.78, "end": 689.84, "text": "Today, we are only focused on the material world,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-002", "start": 689.88, "end": 691.28, "text": "the world that we can see and know,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-003", "start": 691.4, "end": 693.16, "text": "in order to create progress,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-004", "start": 693.56, "end": 695.9, "text": "okay? We've abandoned the spiritual world,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-005", "start": 695.98, "end": 700.32, "text": "and we focus on this material world in order to manipulate it,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-006", "start": 700.42, "end": 702.86, "text": "in order to promote technological progress.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-007", "start": 703.24, "end": 707.68, "text": "And quite honestly, we have been extremely successful at that.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-008", "start": 707.9, "end": 710.56, "text": "In fact, I will argue we've been too successful at that,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-009", "start": 710.66, "end": 713.82, "text": "okay? So that's the first major difference between pre -modern and modern", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-010", "start": 713.82, "end": 720.24, "text": "science. Second major difference is that pre -modern science relies entirely on", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-011", "start": 720.24, "end": 722.36, "text": "intuition and imagination, okay?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-012", "start": 722.46, "end": 723.28, "text": "You don't do experiments.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-013", "start": 723.5, "end": 725.72, "text": "You don't have conferences.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-014", "start": 725.88, "end": 726.52, "text": "You don't debate.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-015", "start": 726.76, "end": 728.2, "text": "You just meditate.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-016", "start": 728.83, "end": 730.94, "text": "You just dream, okay?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-017", "start": 731.18, "end": 735.48, "text": "And you often fall into trances in order to communicate with the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-018", "start": 735.48, "end": 736.14, "text": "spiritual world.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-019", "start": 736.46, "end": 742.98, "text": "In this world, they use a lot of heliocerogenics,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-020", "start": 743.08, "end": 743.96, "text": "okay? They...", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-021", "start": 744.86, "end": 747.48, "text": "They use a lot of psychedelics,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-022", "start": 747.48, "end": 750.98, "text": "okay? Including magic mushrooms, a drink called soma,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-023", "start": 751.08, "end": 755.94, "text": "which is very important in the Hindu religion,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0011-chunk-024", "start": 756.68, "end": 758.96, "text": "as well as the Zoroastrian religion.", "word_count": 6 } ], "text_sha256": "fc0247341e8af05f47bda940cfba099d18a0cc1ed2283cf97ecd864699ca9152", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0011", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=686s", "time_label": "11:26", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0012", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0012", "start": 759.2, "end": 831.09, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "It's basically a psychedelic, okay? Today, we don't rely on intuition and imagination. We think this is superstitious. We rely mainly on something called the scientific method, okay? And later on, I will... We'll discuss the scientific method more in detail, right? And the last thing is in pre -modern science, people are relying on divine inspiration in order to discover the truth. The big question is what is truth? Today, we care about the question how do we know truth? Okay, it's really the idea of the introduction of doubt. Our main priority is to question and doubt the truth. Okay, it's really the idea of the introduction of doubt. Our main priority is to question and doubt the truth. And what will happen is, because of this emphasis change, we've changed from what is truth to how do we know truth, it will launch a revolution in technological progress. All right? All right, so underlying the Sino -Revolution are three major theological assumptions.", "word_count": 165, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-001", "start": 759.2, "end": 760.5, "text": "It's basically a psychedelic, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-002", "start": 762.72, "end": 765.46, "text": "Today, we don't rely on intuition and imagination.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-003", "start": 765.86, "end": 767.84, "text": "We think this is superstitious.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-004", "start": 768.02, "end": 771.14, "text": "We rely mainly on something called the scientific method,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-005", "start": 771.26, "end": 775.05, "text": "okay? And later on, I will...", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-006", "start": 775.05, "end": 777.51, "text": "We'll discuss the scientific method more in detail,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-007", "start": 777.69, "end": 781.81, "text": "right? And the last thing is in pre -modern science,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-008", "start": 782.68, "end": 786.88, "text": "people are relying on divine inspiration in order to discover the truth.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-009", "start": 787.08, "end": 789.02, "text": "The big question is what is truth?", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-010", "start": 789.71, "end": 795.07, "text": "Today, we care about the question how do we know truth?", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-011", "start": 795.66, "end": 799.92, "text": "Okay, it's really the idea of the introduction of doubt.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-012", "start": 800.38, "end": 804.84, "text": "Our main priority is to question and doubt the truth.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-013", "start": 805.18, "end": 805.8, "text": "Okay, it's really the idea of the introduction of doubt.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-014", "start": 805.8, "end": 805.8, "text": "Our main priority is to question and doubt the truth.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-015", "start": 805.8, "end": 808.04, "text": "And what will happen is,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-016", "start": 808.14, "end": 811.08, "text": "because of this emphasis change,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-017", "start": 811.32, "end": 815, "text": "we've changed from what is truth to how do we know truth,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-018", "start": 815.18, "end": 820.8, "text": "it will launch a revolution in technological progress.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-019", "start": 821.56, "end": 821.76, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-020", "start": 824.21, "end": 824.93, "text": "All", "word_count": 1 }, { "id": "seg-0012-chunk-021", "start": 824.93, "end": 831.09, "text": "right, so underlying the Sino -Revolution are three major theological assumptions.", "word_count": 11 } ], "text_sha256": "f61a504b2e1a35003ef0f1495d0037a918e881e5ef4064266a143e920fcde2ed", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0012", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=759s", "time_label": "12:39", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0013", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "start": 831.59, "end": 905.6, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "Without these theological assumptions, the Sino -Revolution would not be possible, okay? So the first and most important idea is the idea of monotheism. There is one God, okay? And again, the very idea of monotheism is also revolutionary in human thought. Second idea is that God designed and willed the universe into being. So there is an intelligent design to the universe. And it's up to us to discover this design. God endowed us with the capacity to discover his design and will, okay? So these are the three major theological assumptions underlying the Sino -Revolution. That is why the Sino -Revolution happened in Western Europe and not, say, in China or the Islamic world or India, okay? Because you needed these three theological assumptions. Okay, so what do these assumptions bring us? Okay, so let's look at this. Polytheism, again, throughout most of human history, most societies have been polytheistic.", "word_count": 152, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-001", "start": 831.59, "end": 836.17, "text": "Without these theological assumptions, the Sino -Revolution would not be possible,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-002", "start": 836.43, "end": 840.11, "text": "okay? So the first and most important idea is the idea of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-003", "start": 840.11, "end": 842.41, "text": "monotheism. There is one God,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-004", "start": 843.25, "end": 851.01, "text": "okay? And again, the very idea of monotheism is also revolutionary in", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-005", "start": 851.01, "end": 851.59, "text": "human thought.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-006", "start": 852.76, "end": 858.84, "text": "Second idea is that God designed and willed the universe into being.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-007", "start": 859.18, "end": 863.52, "text": "So there is an intelligent design to the universe.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-008", "start": 864.53, "end": 867.48, "text": "And it's up to us to discover this design.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-009", "start": 867.48, "end": 872.71, "text": "God endowed us with the capacity to discover his design and will,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-010", "start": 872.89, "end": 877.55, "text": "okay? So these are the three major theological assumptions underlying the Sino", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-011", "start": 877.55, "end": 884.52, "text": "-Revolution. That is why the Sino -Revolution happened in Western Europe and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-012", "start": 884.52, "end": 888.72, "text": "not, say, in China or the Islamic world or India,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-013", "start": 888.94, "end": 892.5, "text": "okay? Because you needed these three theological assumptions.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-014", "start": 894.04, "end": 897.82, "text": "Okay, so what do these assumptions bring us?", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-015", "start": 898.02, "end": 899.12, "text": "Okay, so let's look at this.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-016", "start": 899.84, "end": 902.36, "text": "Polytheism, again, throughout most of human history,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-017", "start": 902.7, "end": 904.34, "text": "most societies", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0013-chunk-018", "start": 904.34, "end": 905.6, "text": "have been polytheistic.", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "25deeea5a94ef15ea4b939f3e08780bf8d1f30346d2566f7d14a7c810fbd040a", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0013", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=831s", "time_label": "13:51", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0014", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0014", "start": 905.8, "end": 969.19, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "What is the difference between a polytheistic worldview of science and a monotheistic worldview of science, okay? So I need you to memorize this chart, okay? The first major difference is a polytheistic system, there's really no design. There's really no progress. It's just chaos and struggle. But in a monotheistic worldview, there is an underlying difference. There is proof to the universe, okay? That's the first difference. Second major difference is the idea of randomness. Things happen for no particular reason. If you win the lottery, that's great, okay? But if you lose all your wealth, that's just random, okay? There's... It's just fate. It's just destiny. There's no purpose or no design to your fate. But in a monotheistic world, there's the idea of good and evil. Things happen to you that benefit you if you're doing good. But if you're doing evil, then bad things will happen to you, okay? So there's a very...", "word_count": 157, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-001", "start": 905.8, "end": 909.98, "text": "What is the difference between a polytheistic worldview of science and a", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-002", "start": 909.98, "end": 912.44, "text": "monotheistic worldview of science, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-003", "start": 912.62, "end": 915.16, "text": "So I need you to memorize this chart,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-004", "start": 915.26, "end": 919.36, "text": "okay? The first major difference is a polytheistic system,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-005", "start": 919.68, "end": 921.4, "text": "there's really no design.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-006", "start": 921.54, "end": 923.16, "text": "There's really no progress.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-007", "start": 923.32, "end": 924.98, "text": "It's just chaos and struggle.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-008", "start": 925.38, "end": 927.12, "text": "But in a monotheistic worldview,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-009", "start": 927.42, "end": 929.1, "text": "there is an underlying difference.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-010", "start": 929.12, "end": 930.34, "text": "There is proof to the universe,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-011", "start": 930.6, "end": 932.58, "text": "okay? That's the first difference.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-012", "start": 932.78, "end": 936.22, "text": "Second major difference is the idea of randomness.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-013", "start": 936.4, "end": 938.84, "text": "Things happen for no particular reason.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-014", "start": 939.48, "end": 943.25, "text": "If you win the lottery,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-015", "start": 943.41, "end": 944.59, "text": "that's great, okay?", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-016", "start": 945.19, "end": 947.05, "text": "But if you lose all your wealth,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-017", "start": 947.37, "end": 949.63, "text": "that's just random, okay?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-018", "start": 949.73, "end": 950.79, "text": "There's... It's just fate.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-019", "start": 950.91, "end": 951.55, "text": "It's just destiny.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-020", "start": 951.71, "end": 954.71, "text": "There's no purpose or no design to your fate.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-021", "start": 955.09, "end": 956.67, "text": "But in a monotheistic world,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-022", "start": 956.81, "end": 959.05, "text": "there's the idea of good and evil.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-023", "start": 959.35, "end": 963.61, "text": "Things happen to you that benefit you if you're doing good.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-024", "start": 963.87, "end": 965.25, "text": "But if you're doing evil,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-025", "start": 965.41, "end": 967.75, "text": "then bad things will happen to you,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0014-chunk-026", "start": 967.85, "end": 969.19, "text": "okay? So there's a very...", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "f13c2a15c0f10c77f8cfcde22a5326c1138bfddc5285a640b6bc9494bcbffefe", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0014", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=905s", "time_label": "15:05", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0015", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "start": 970.95, "end": 1045.7, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "There's a deep sense that God is in our lives orchestrating events. The last major difference is that between fate and progress, okay? If there's truth in this world, if there's goodness in this world, then we have a responsibility to... To progress by doing good and by discovering this truth, okay? That's why I keep on emphasizing this, but monotheism is really an intellectual revolution first and foremost. Okay, so the Second Revolution happens, and what drives it, okay? There are three major forces that drive the Second Revolution. The first is the idea of the Protestant Reformation and the Counter -Reformation. So the Protestants have come. They're challenging the authority of the church, and the church responds by what's often called the Counter -Reformation. There is this belief, or there's this prejudice, that the church is anti -science. The Catholic Church is not anti -science. In fact, both the Protestants and the Catholic Church are trying to use science in order to promote their legitimacy and authority, okay?", "word_count": 170, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-001", "start": 970.95, "end": 977.19, "text": "There's a deep sense that God is in our lives orchestrating events.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-002", "start": 977.59, "end": 982.23, "text": "The last major difference is that between fate and progress,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-003", "start": 982.63, "end": 985.01, "text": "okay? If there's truth in this world,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-004", "start": 985.11, "end": 986.53, "text": "if there's goodness in this world,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-005", "start": 986.59, "end": 989.01, "text": "then we have a responsibility to...", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-006", "start": 989.01, "end": 993.03, "text": "To progress by doing good and by discovering this truth,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-007", "start": 993.19, "end": 997.26, "text": "okay? That's why I keep on emphasizing this,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-008", "start": 997.36, "end": 1001.42, "text": "but monotheism is really an intellectual revolution first and foremost.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-009", "start": 1003.76, "end": 1007.46, "text": "Okay, so the Second Revolution happens,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-010", "start": 1007.7, "end": 1009.36, "text": "and what drives it, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-011", "start": 1009.5, "end": 1013.36, "text": "There are three major forces that drive the Second Revolution.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-012", "start": 1013.82, "end": 1018.84, "text": "The first is the idea of the Protestant Reformation and the Counter", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-013", "start": 1018.84, "end": 1020.88, "text": "-Reformation. So the Protestants have come.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-014", "start": 1021.06, "end": 1022.46, "text": "They're challenging the authority of the church,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-015", "start": 1022.62, "end": 1027.88, "text": "and the church responds by what's often called the Counter -Reformation.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-016", "start": 1028.22, "end": 1030.52, "text": "There is this belief, or there's this prejudice,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-017", "start": 1030.76, "end": 1034.06, "text": "that the church is anti -science.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-018", "start": 1034.26, "end": 1037.18, "text": "The Catholic Church is not anti -science.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-019", "start": 1037.34, "end": 1041.48, "text": "In fact, both the Protestants and the Catholic Church are trying to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-020", "start": 1041.48, "end": 1041.72, "text": "use", "word_count": 1 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-021", "start": 1041.72, "end": 1044.98, "text": "science in order to promote their legitimacy and authority,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0015-chunk-022", "start": 1045.26, "end": 1045.7, "text": "okay?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "8af0b5736179719a69ec6cab342287bd7b8b78d4945d71fc440effd03e736ce0", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0015", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=970s", "time_label": "16:10", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0016", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "start": 1045.7, "end": 1103.793, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "So the Protestants are heavily devoted to science because they want to... Okay? They want to understand the will and mind of God. The Catholics themselves are also promoting science. The Catholics will create a new society called the Jesuits, who are renowned for being great scientists. In fact, a lot of universities in this world were founded by Jesuits. A lot of Jesuits came to China, and they promoted knowledge and science in China, and this has been true for many centuries, okay? So both the Catholic Church and the Protestant movement... Okay? They are in a struggle to use science in order to promote their own authority and legitimacy, okay? That's the first major force driving the right revolution. Second is war. During this time, Europe is in constant state of war. It's fighting amongst themselves, between the Catholics and the Protestants. It's also fighting with the Muslims, okay?", "word_count": 151, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-001", "start": 1045.7, "end": 1050.54, "text": "So the Protestants are heavily devoted to science because they want", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-002", "start": 1050.54, "end": 1051.04, "text": "to... Okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-003", "start": 1051.06, "end": 1053.72, "text": "They want to understand the will and mind of God.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-004", "start": 1053.98, "end": 1056.86, "text": "The Catholics themselves are also promoting science.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-005", "start": 1057.42, "end": 1060.54, "text": "The Catholics will create a new society called the Jesuits,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-006", "start": 1060.68, "end": 1065.5, "text": "who are renowned for being great scientists.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-007", "start": 1065.66, "end": 1068.38, "text": "In fact, a lot of universities in this world were founded by", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-008", "start": 1068.38, "end": 1072.58, "text": "Jesuits. A lot of Jesuits came to China,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-009", "start": 1072.64, "end": 1075.68, "text": "and they promoted knowledge and science in China,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-010", "start": 1075.82, "end": 1077.62, "text": "and this has been true for many centuries,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-011", "start": 1077.84, "end": 1080.68, "text": "okay? So both the Catholic Church and the Protestant movement...", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-012", "start": 1080.68, "end": 1084.42, "text": "Okay? They are in a struggle to use science in order to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-013", "start": 1084.42, "end": 1086.56, "text": "promote their own authority and legitimacy,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-014", "start": 1086.82, "end": 1090, "text": "okay? That's the first major force driving the right revolution.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-015", "start": 1090.95, "end": 1092.53, "text": "Second is war.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-016", "start": 1092.83, "end": 1095.77, "text": "During this time, Europe is in constant state of war.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-017", "start": 1095.93, "end": 1099.31, "text": "It's fighting amongst themselves, between the Catholics and the Protestants.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-018", "start": 1100.17, "end": 1103.33, "text": "It's also fighting with the Muslims,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0016-chunk-019", "start": 1103.49, "end": 1103.793, "text": "okay?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "db71b56545d00ad0a069d81b704814c2b7ee3b4c7ba96daa1c8f6f38486cd047", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0016", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=1045s", "time_label": "17:25", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0017", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "start": 1103.793, "end": 1176.65, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "The Ottoman Empire, which is, at this point, the strongest empire in the world. All right? And the last idea that's driving science is the age of exploration and conquest. As Europe is trying to expand outwards, if they're going to North America, they're going to South America, they need better navigation tools. They need compasses. They need astrolapse, okay? So science solves all three problems, okay? Okay. So, again. The Second Revolution. The Second Revolution. The best way to remember the Second Revolution is, it's a fundamental change from asking what is truth to how do we know truth, okay? How can we know truth? And believe it or not, but no one really bothered to ask this question before. How can we know truth, okay? And because science is asking this question, how do we know truth, what it's really doing is it's separating itself from religion. And putting itself above religion, okay?", "word_count": 155, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-001", "start": 1103.793, "end": 1105.31, "text": "The Ottoman Empire, which is,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-002", "start": 1105.35, "end": 1110.75, "text": "at this point, the strongest empire in the world.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-003", "start": 1110.75, "end": 1111.65, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-004", "start": 1111.65, "end": 1115.51, "text": "And the last idea that's driving science is the age of exploration", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-005", "start": 1115.51, "end": 1116.75, "text": "and conquest.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-006", "start": 1117.19, "end": 1120.41, "text": "As Europe is trying to expand outwards,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-007", "start": 1120.65, "end": 1121.87, "text": "if they're going to North America,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-008", "start": 1121.97, "end": 1122.61, "text": "they're going to South America,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-009", "start": 1122.79, "end": 1125.59, "text": "they need better navigation tools.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-010", "start": 1125.89, "end": 1127.31, "text": "They need compasses.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-011", "start": 1127.31, "end": 1130.77, "text": "They need astrolapse, okay?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-012", "start": 1131.09, "end": 1135.2, "text": "So science solves all three problems,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-013", "start": 1135.42, "end": 1137.68, "text": "okay? Okay.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-014", "start": 1137.84, "end": 1139.74, "text": "So, again.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-015", "start": 1141.72, "end": 1142.7, "text": "The Second Revolution.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-016", "start": 1142.78, "end": 1143.06, "text": "The Second Revolution.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-017", "start": 1143.08, "end": 1145.18, "text": "The best way to remember the Second Revolution is,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-018", "start": 1145.42, "end": 1151.76, "text": "it's a fundamental change from asking what is truth to how do", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-019", "start": 1151.76, "end": 1153.84, "text": "we know truth, okay?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-020", "start": 1153.94, "end": 1155.28, "text": "How can we know truth?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-021", "start": 1156.88, "end": 1159.06, "text": "And believe it or not,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-022", "start": 1159.16, "end": 1162.16, "text": "but no one really bothered to ask this question before.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-023", "start": 1162.32, "end": 1163.34, "text": "How can we know truth,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-024", "start": 1163.56, "end": 1168.18, "text": "okay? And because science is asking this question,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-025", "start": 1168.26, "end": 1168.98, "text": "how do we know truth,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-026", "start": 1169.16, "end": 1172.82, "text": "what it's really doing is it's separating itself from religion.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-027", "start": 1172.82, "end": 1175.99, "text": "And putting itself above religion,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0017-chunk-028", "start": 1176.21, "end": 1176.65, "text": "okay?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "228fe0a1f7f313c735fe390d2c84436fa37a4081dbf4bb100ffe9ee22770703c", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0017", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=1103s", "time_label": "18:23", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0018", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "start": 1176.65, "end": 1246.34, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "Because religion purports to be the truth, right? And what science is saying is like, how do you know if you're right? Well, we know if you're right because we have methods to test you, okay? So science is putting itself above religion. And as you can imagine, this will create conflicts within the Catholic Church very, very soon, mainly in the trial of Galileo. Okay. So. Because science asks this question. How do we know truth? How do we know truth? What it does is it creates the scientific method, okay? And the scientific method is composed of three main elements. The first is you ask questions and you propose hypotheses. So there are no questions now that are out of bounds. And you have to think of solutions and ideas to solve these questions, okay? So that's the first step. The second step is there are these processes and protocols for testing hypotheses. Okay. The third step is experimentation, basically, right? So only if you can experiment, only if your hypothesis matches experimental results can it be true.", "word_count": 180, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-001", "start": 1176.65, "end": 1179.05, "text": "Because religion purports to be the truth, right?", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-002", "start": 1179.41, "end": 1180.77, "text": "And what science is saying is like,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-003", "start": 1180.85, "end": 1182.47, "text": "how do you know if you're right?", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-004", "start": 1183.62, "end": 1186.82, "text": "Well, we know if you're right because we have methods to test", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-005", "start": 1186.82, "end": 1187.16, "text": "you, okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-006", "start": 1187.2, "end": 1189.74, "text": "So science is putting itself above religion.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-007", "start": 1190.2, "end": 1191.56, "text": "And as you can imagine,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-008", "start": 1191.8, "end": 1195.56, "text": "this will create conflicts within the Catholic Church very,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-009", "start": 1195.62, "end": 1198.4, "text": "very soon, mainly in the trial of Galileo.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-010", "start": 1199.5, "end": 1201, "text": "Okay. So.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-011", "start": 1202.57, "end": 1204.75, "text": "Because science asks this question.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-012", "start": 1204.83, "end": 1205.17, "text": "How do we know truth?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-013", "start": 1205.19, "end": 1205.57, "text": "How do we know truth?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-014", "start": 1205.91, "end": 1208.89, "text": "What it does is it creates the scientific method,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-015", "start": 1209.07, "end": 1215.85, "text": "okay? And the scientific method is composed of three main elements.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-016", "start": 1216.28, "end": 1220.42, "text": "The first is you ask questions and you propose hypotheses.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-017", "start": 1221.38, "end": 1223.64, "text": "So there are no questions now that are out of bounds.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-018", "start": 1223.96, "end": 1227.92, "text": "And you have to think of solutions and ideas to solve these", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-019", "start": 1227.92, "end": 1228.56, "text": "questions, okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-020", "start": 1228.6, "end": 1229.38, "text": "So that's the first step.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-021", "start": 1229.68, "end": 1234.46, "text": "The second step is there are these processes and protocols for testing", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-022", "start": 1234.46, "end": 1235.26, "text": "hypotheses. Okay.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-023", "start": 1235.28, "end": 1235.74, "text": "The third step is experimentation,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-024", "start": 1236.28, "end": 1237.38, "text": "basically, right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-025", "start": 1237.44, "end": 1237.56, "text": "So", "word_count": 1 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-026", "start": 1237.56, "end": 1239.92, "text": "only if you can experiment,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0018-chunk-027", "start": 1240.12, "end": 1246.34, "text": "only if your hypothesis matches experimental results can it be true.", "word_count": 11 } ], "text_sha256": "59574d966f8a8891eb6e8067f2b749abf75db8aa5d87b73f8c1bbf1fabec0ccb", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0018", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=1176s", "time_label": "19:36", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0019", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "start": 1246.81, "end": 1311.54, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "Now last thing is it creates a system of doubt and criticism in order to test all experimental results. And today we call them academic societies and peer -reviewed journals, okay? So if you're a scientist working today at a university, whatever results you have, you must first publish and then you have to present your journal results to a conference of peers who will criticize you and they will look for flaws in your argument. And this is an extremely effective system on how to know what is true. And again, because of the system, it's allowed for a remarkable explosion of wealth and technology and progress in the world today. Okay. And this is the chart that shows us, okay? So for most of human history, progress, meaning productivity, has been flat. And then starting around the year 1700, it starts to exponentially rise, okay?", "word_count": 147, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-001", "start": 1246.81, "end": 1252.04, "text": "Now last thing is it creates a system of doubt and criticism", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-002", "start": 1252.04, "end": 1254.84, "text": "in order to test all experimental results.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-003", "start": 1255.16, "end": 1259.28, "text": "And today we call them academic societies and peer -reviewed journals,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-004", "start": 1259.52, "end": 1262.76, "text": "okay? So if you're a scientist working today at a university,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-005", "start": 1263.12, "end": 1267.64, "text": "whatever results you have, you must first publish and then you have", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-006", "start": 1267.64, "end": 1271.76, "text": "to present your journal results to a conference of peers who will", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-007", "start": 1271.76, "end": 1275.82, "text": "criticize you and they will look for flaws in your argument.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-008", "start": 1276, "end": 1281.92, "text": "And this is an extremely effective system on how to know what", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-009", "start": 1281.92, "end": 1282.46, "text": "is true.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-010", "start": 1282.64, "end": 1284.34, "text": "And again, because of the system,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-011", "start": 1284.54, "end": 1291.94, "text": "it's allowed for a remarkable explosion of wealth and technology and progress", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-012", "start": 1291.94, "end": 1293.76, "text": "in the world today.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-013", "start": 1293.96, "end": 1296.58, "text": "Okay. And this is the chart that shows us,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-014", "start": 1296.68, "end": 1299.22, "text": "okay? So for most of human history,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-015", "start": 1299.44, "end": 1302.9, "text": "progress, meaning productivity, has been flat.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-016", "start": 1303.66, "end": 1306.42, "text": "And then starting around the year 1700,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-017", "start": 1306.74, "end": 1308.22, "text": "it starts to", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0019-chunk-018", "start": 1308.22, "end": 1311.54, "text": "exponentially rise, okay?", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "b122ffeb110ab09b67212be69020689ed116e3fcd045c32acdd13e3716cf455d", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0019", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=1246s", "time_label": "20:46", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0020", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "start": 1312.75, "end": 1385.54, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "And this has meant that we are now able to feed more and more people. So before 1700, you really couldn't get above a few hundred million people. Okay. And now we are at nine, we are projected to reach nine billion people. And you can ask, is this a good thing? And I will argue it's not a good thing, but it shows us the remarkable power of science, okay? All right. So now the question then is, what caused the subject method to arise? And it really has to do with a major debate among scientists. It was, it was the geocentric versus the heliocentric. Now, what's interesting is that if you look at the Egyptians, they knew that the sun was the center of the universe. That's why their god was the sun god, Ra, okay? But by the time you hit the Greeks, there was now this divergence between those who believed that the universe revolved around the sun and those who believed it revolved around the earth.", "word_count": 172, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-001", "start": 1312.75, "end": 1316.65, "text": "And this has meant that we are now able to feed more", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-002", "start": 1316.65, "end": 1317.23, "text": "and more people.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-003", "start": 1317.45, "end": 1323.03, "text": "So before 1700, you really couldn't get above a few hundred million", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-004", "start": 1323.03, "end": 1323.99, "text": "people. Okay.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-005", "start": 1323.99, "end": 1325.61, "text": "And now we are at nine,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-006", "start": 1325.75, "end": 1328.05, "text": "we are projected to reach nine billion people.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-007", "start": 1329.27, "end": 1331.27, "text": "And you can ask, is this a good thing?", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-008", "start": 1331.55, "end": 1333.19, "text": "And I will argue it's not a good thing,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-009", "start": 1333.29, "end": 1337.09, "text": "but it shows us the remarkable power of science,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-010", "start": 1337.47, "end": 1339.98, "text": "okay? All right.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-011", "start": 1340.47, "end": 1341.91, "text": "So now the question then is,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-012", "start": 1342.11, "end": 1345.13, "text": "what caused the subject method to arise?", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-013", "start": 1346.22, "end": 1351.62, "text": "And it really has to do with a major debate among scientists.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-014", "start": 1352.65, "end": 1355.31, "text": "It was, it was the geocentric versus the heliocentric.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-015", "start": 1358.19, "end": 1363.71, "text": "Now, what's interesting is that if you look at the Egyptians,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-016", "start": 1363.99, "end": 1368.91, "text": "they knew that the sun was the center of the universe.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-017", "start": 1369.13, "end": 1370.83, "text": "That's why their god was the sun god,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-018", "start": 1370.95, "end": 1371.45, "text": "Ra, okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-019", "start": 1373.32, "end": 1376.34, "text": "But by the time you hit the Greeks,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-020", "start": 1376.54, "end": 1380.34, "text": "there was now this divergence between those who believed that", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-021", "start": 1380.34, "end": 1384.48, "text": "the universe revolved around the sun and those who believed it revolved", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0020-chunk-022", "start": 1384.48, "end": 1385.54, "text": "around the earth.", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "208a0739bf4649fff099d69ab18dfabbab465f62ec7d4c3c8c09fc60cbba3a3e", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0020", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=1312s", "time_label": "21:52", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0021", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "start": 1386.08, "end": 1462.91, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "In about 150, a Greek scientist named Ptolemy, working in Egypt, he developed the first comprehensive cosmological system. And this cosmological system, which he wrote in a book called The Almagest, he made certain arguments. Okay. The first argument is that the earth stands still, okay? The earth does not move. It doesn't revolve. Okay? Second is that all other celestial bodies, including the moon, including the stars, the planets, revolve around the earth in a circular motion. Okay? Why? Because in the heavens, it is assumed that everything is perfect. Okay? So for example, on planet earth, we breathe something called air, right? Air oxygen is what gives us life. But up there in space, air becomes ether. Ether is the air that the gods breathe. Ether is what allows the world, the heavens, to be perfect. Okay? And so, and this is the Arabic edition of The Almagest.", "word_count": 150, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-001", "start": 1386.08, "end": 1391.3, "text": "In about 150, a Greek scientist named Ptolemy,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-002", "start": 1391.44, "end": 1398.42, "text": "working in Egypt, he developed the first comprehensive cosmological system.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-003", "start": 1398.76, "end": 1403.9, "text": "And this cosmological system, which he wrote in a book called The", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-004", "start": 1403.9, "end": 1407.68, "text": "Almagest, he made certain arguments.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-005", "start": 1407.96, "end": 1412.64, "text": "Okay. The first argument is that the earth stands still,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-006", "start": 1412.78, "end": 1415.68, "text": "okay? The earth does not move.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-007", "start": 1415.68, "end": 1416.58, "text": "It doesn't revolve.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-008", "start": 1416.58, "end": 1420.66, "text": "Okay? Second is that all other celestial bodies,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-009", "start": 1420.8, "end": 1422.96, "text": "including the moon, including the stars,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-010", "start": 1423.08, "end": 1427.98, "text": "the planets, revolve around the earth in a circular motion.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-011", "start": 1428.91, "end": 1429.91, "text": "Okay? Why?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-012", "start": 1430.25, "end": 1435.45, "text": "Because in the heavens, it is assumed that everything is perfect.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-013", "start": 1436.12, "end": 1439.62, "text": "Okay? So for example, on planet earth,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-014", "start": 1439.74, "end": 1440.92, "text": "we breathe something called air,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-015", "start": 1441.16, "end": 1444.12, "text": "right? Air oxygen is what gives us life.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-016", "start": 1444.12, "end": 1446.48, "text": "But up there in space,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-017", "start": 1446.96, "end": 1448.7, "text": "air becomes ether.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-018", "start": 1449.2, "end": 1451.46, "text": "Ether is the air that the gods breathe.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-019", "start": 1451.78, "end": 1453.9, "text": "Ether is what allows the world,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-020", "start": 1453.98, "end": 1455.36, "text": "the heavens, to be perfect.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-021", "start": 1456.2, "end": 1460.81, "text": "Okay? And so, and this is the", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0021-chunk-022", "start": 1460.81, "end": 1462.91, "text": "Arabic edition of The Almagest.", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "559608892afde90a26feee80f0c601e2f5247b2b4bb8dbe4639479f744ea8a96", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0021", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=1386s", "time_label": "23:06", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0022", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0022", "start": 1463.05, "end": 1544.15, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "And as you can see, you can't read this, but there's a lot of mathematical detail in the book. And because Ptolemy's perspective aligned with theology. The Bible. It was accepted, it was accepted true for over a thousand years. Okay? The Islamic golden age relied heavily on Ptolemy's understanding of the cosmos. But the first person to suggest that this model is wrong is Copernicus, who is a Polish polymath. He did many things. He did astrology. He also did astronomy. Okay? And when he died in 1543, he proposed the heliocentric model. Now what's really important for us to remember is that Copernicus was a devout Catholic. And many of his friends were major figures within the Catholic church. And guess what? They were extremely supportive of his theory. In fact, they wanted him to publish his theory. Okay? Why? Because at this point, there is no conflict between science and religion. So", "word_count": 155, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-001", "start": 1463.05, "end": 1463.95, "text": "And as you can see,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-002", "start": 1464.05, "end": 1468.89, "text": "you can't read this, but there's a lot of mathematical detail in", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-003", "start": 1468.89, "end": 1470.35, "text": "the book.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-004", "start": 1470.45, "end": 1474.41, "text": "And because Ptolemy's perspective aligned with theology.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-005", "start": 1474.55, "end": 1475.53, "text": "The Bible.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-006", "start": 1476.85, "end": 1482.59, "text": "It was accepted, it was accepted true for over a thousand years.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-007", "start": 1482.81, "end": 1488.99, "text": "Okay? The Islamic golden age relied heavily on Ptolemy's understanding of the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-008", "start": 1488.99, "end": 1494.83, "text": "cosmos. But the first person to suggest that this model is wrong", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-009", "start": 1494.83, "end": 1500.59, "text": "is Copernicus, who is a Polish polymath.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-010", "start": 1500.75, "end": 1501.57, "text": "He did many things.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-011", "start": 1501.63, "end": 1502.19, "text": "He did astrology.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-012", "start": 1502.69, "end": 1504.07, "text": "He also did astronomy.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-013", "start": 1504.27, "end": 1507.15, "text": "Okay? And when he died in 1543,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-014", "start": 1507.39, "end": 1510.11, "text": "he proposed the heliocentric model.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-015", "start": 1510.63, "end": 1516.29, "text": "Now what's really important for us to remember is that Copernicus was", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-016", "start": 1516.29, "end": 1517.85, "text": "a devout Catholic.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-017", "start": 1518.25, "end": 1523.71, "text": "And many of his friends were major figures within the Catholic church.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-018", "start": 1524.01, "end": 1525.01, "text": "And guess what?", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-019", "start": 1525.23, "end": 1529.77, "text": "They were extremely supportive of his theory.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-020", "start": 1530.07, "end": 1534.43, "text": "In fact, they wanted him to publish his theory.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-021", "start": 1534.43, "end": 1536.34, "text": "Okay? Why?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-022", "start": 1536.5, "end": 1541.76, "text": "Because at this point, there is no conflict between science and religion.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0022-chunk-023", "start": 1543.59, "end": 1544.15, "text": "So", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "176c4cbe2133c3abb52f082d638ba398304e97db822718f2f380af71307559f1", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0022", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=1463s", "time_label": "24:23", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0023", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0023", "start": 1544.15, "end": 1601.42, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "the saying back then is, it is the job of the church, the Catholic church, to tell you how to go to heaven, not how the heavens go. Okay? So the Catholic church didn't really care one way. They didn't care about the heliocentric model. They didn't care at all. So Copernicus was a devout Catholic. He was heavily supportive. The problem with Copernicus is that the mathematics didn't really make sense. Okay? So if I put two books in front of you, Copernicus' book called On the Revolutions of Celestial Spheres or Ptolemy's book, well, most scientists would tell you that Ptolemy's book is better. Okay? There's more math. It's more well argued. And the reason why is Copernicus, his idea is new. And so there was not that much time, he didn't have that much time to refine it. People didn't really have time to work on it. Whereas Ptolemy, thousands of people have been working on it over the centuries.", "word_count": 163, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-001", "start": 1544.15, "end": 1545.91, "text": "the saying back then is,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-002", "start": 1546.09, "end": 1549.16, "text": "it is the job of the church,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-003", "start": 1549.28, "end": 1551.7, "text": "the Catholic church, to tell you how to go to heaven,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-004", "start": 1551.9, "end": 1554.5, "text": "not how the heavens go.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-005", "start": 1555.33, "end": 1559.95, "text": "Okay? So the Catholic church didn't really care one way.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-006", "start": 1560.13, "end": 1561.43, "text": "They didn't care about the heliocentric model.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-007", "start": 1562.39, "end": 1563.51, "text": "They didn't care at all.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-008", "start": 1563.81, "end": 1566.33, "text": "So Copernicus was a devout Catholic.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-009", "start": 1566.33, "end": 1567.07, "text": "He was heavily supportive.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-010", "start": 1567.29, "end": 1571.89, "text": "The problem with Copernicus is that the mathematics didn't really make sense.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-011", "start": 1572.39, "end": 1574.51, "text": "Okay? So if I put two books in front of you,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-012", "start": 1574.77, "end": 1581.09, "text": "Copernicus' book called On the Revolutions of Celestial Spheres or Ptolemy's book,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-013", "start": 1581.23, "end": 1584.43, "text": "well, most scientists would tell you that Ptolemy's book is better.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-014", "start": 1584.65, "end": 1585.63, "text": "Okay? There's more math.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-015", "start": 1585.87, "end": 1587.15, "text": "It's more well argued.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-016", "start": 1587.41, "end": 1590.31, "text": "And the reason why is Copernicus,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-017", "start": 1590.53, "end": 1591.61, "text": "his idea is new.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-018", "start": 1591.89, "end": 1593.81, "text": "And so there was not that much time,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-019", "start": 1593.97, "end": 1595.51, "text": "he didn't have that much time to refine it.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-020", "start": 1595.51, "end": 1597.29, "text": "People didn't really have time to work on it.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-021", "start": 1597.39, "end": 1600.46, "text": "Whereas Ptolemy, thousands of people have been working on it", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0023-chunk-022", "start": 1600.46, "end": 1601.42, "text": "over the centuries.", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "42e8d8c93b0a3fd03e7cd385627b052383fff8fac3637947835ead532a054aec", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0023", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=1544s", "time_label": "25:44", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0024", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0024", "start": 1602.06, "end": 1676.02, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "So the heliocentric model, it is much more refined, much more accepted at this point than the heliocentric model. This man, his name is Tycho Braque, and he is a Danish polymath as well. He comes from a very noble family, and he spent a lot of his time doing observations. Okay? He collected a lot of data. He observed how the planets revolved, and his conclusion is that the geocentric and the heliocentric model are both correct. And his proposal was that Earth was the center of the world, but the planets revolved around the Sun. Okay? So the Sun revolved around the Earth, and every other system revolved around the Sun. Okay? So that's what he derived from his theory. That's what he derived from his theory. Now, he had a prodigy named Johannes Kepler. He's a German, and he looked at the data, and he discovered that the data actually makes the heliocentric model, actually supports the heliocentric model more than the geocentric model.", "word_count": 167, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-001", "start": 1602.06, "end": 1604.84, "text": "So the heliocentric model, it is much more refined,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-002", "start": 1605.18, "end": 1608.22, "text": "much more accepted at this point than the heliocentric model.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-003", "start": 1611.67, "end": 1613.69, "text": "This man, his name is Tycho Braque,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-004", "start": 1613.87, "end": 1619.11, "text": "and he is a Danish polymath as well.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-005", "start": 1619.49, "end": 1621.23, "text": "He comes from a very noble family,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-006", "start": 1621.37, "end": 1625.74, "text": "and he spent a lot of his time doing observations.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-007", "start": 1626.62, "end": 1629.76, "text": "Okay? He collected a lot of data.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-008", "start": 1629.88, "end": 1632.04, "text": "He observed how the planets revolved,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-009", "start": 1632.04, "end": 1638.58, "text": "and his conclusion is that the geocentric and the heliocentric model are", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-010", "start": 1638.58, "end": 1639.18, "text": "both correct.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-011", "start": 1639.48, "end": 1644.99, "text": "And his proposal was that Earth was the center of the world,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-012", "start": 1645.13, "end": 1646.97, "text": "but the planets revolved around the Sun.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-013", "start": 1647.09, "end": 1649.21, "text": "Okay? So the Sun revolved around the Earth,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-014", "start": 1649.39, "end": 1651.89, "text": "and every other system revolved around the Sun.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-015", "start": 1652.19, "end": 1656.81, "text": "Okay? So that's what he derived from his theory.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-016", "start": 1657.09, "end": 1657.83, "text": "That's what he derived from his theory.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-017", "start": 1657.83, "end": 1662.01, "text": "Now, he had a prodigy named Johannes Kepler.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-018", "start": 1662.97, "end": 1665.27, "text": "He's a German, and he looked at the data,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-019", "start": 1665.37, "end": 1671.92, "text": "and he discovered that the data actually makes the heliocentric model,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0024-chunk-020", "start": 1672.1, "end": 1676.02, "text": "actually supports the heliocentric model more than the geocentric model.", "word_count": 10 } ], "text_sha256": "ecc2fa78a3a710ce0fa89594144810ac0c0eaf7fea203c434ffb8bf08266f579", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0024", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=1602s", "time_label": "26:42", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0025", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "start": 1676.94, "end": 1736.43, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "But because he is not a member of the Catholic Church, he's a Lutheran, okay, the Catholic Church couldn't really do anything about him. Right? And what's remarkable about Kepler is that just from this data, he was able to make certain predictions about the stars that we've confirmed over time. The first is that the Sun, so everything revolves around the Sun. His problem, though, is that he didn't put the Sun at the center of the universe. He put something else at the center of the universe. The Sun revolved around that, and the Earth revolved around the Sun. Second major law of planetary motion is that the orbit is actually not circular. It's elliptical, okay? That's what the data was telling him, all right? And this goes against theology, because remember, in theology, the heavens are perfect, right? Because that's where God lives. But Kepler is saying, nope, the orbit is elliptical.", "word_count": 155, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-001", "start": 1676.94, "end": 1679.7, "text": "But because he is not a member of the Catholic Church,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-002", "start": 1679.78, "end": 1686.12, "text": "he's a Lutheran, okay, the Catholic Church couldn't really do anything about", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-003", "start": 1686.12, "end": 1687.18, "text": "him. Right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-004", "start": 1687.18, "end": 1690.46, "text": "And what's remarkable about Kepler is that just from this data,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-005", "start": 1690.64, "end": 1695.28, "text": "he was able to make certain predictions about the stars that we've", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-006", "start": 1695.28, "end": 1696.32, "text": "confirmed over time.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-007", "start": 1696.88, "end": 1698.94, "text": "The first is that the Sun,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-008", "start": 1699.57, "end": 1703.17, "text": "so everything revolves around the Sun.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-009", "start": 1703.33, "end": 1705.91, "text": "His problem, though, is that he didn't put the Sun at the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-010", "start": 1705.91, "end": 1706.57, "text": "center of the universe.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-011", "start": 1706.71, "end": 1708.15, "text": "He put something else at the center of the universe.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-012", "start": 1708.33, "end": 1709.43, "text": "The Sun revolved around that,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-013", "start": 1709.57, "end": 1711.45, "text": "and the Earth revolved around the Sun.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-014", "start": 1712.62, "end": 1717.14, "text": "Second major law of planetary motion is that the orbit is actually", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-015", "start": 1717.14, "end": 1717.52, "text": "not circular.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-016", "start": 1717.52, "end": 1720, "text": "It's elliptical, okay?", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-017", "start": 1720.24, "end": 1721.96, "text": "That's what the data was telling him,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-018", "start": 1722.06, "end": 1722.97, "text": "all right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-019", "start": 1723.03, "end": 1724.27, "text": "And this goes against theology,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-020", "start": 1724.51, "end": 1727.69, "text": "because remember, in theology, the heavens are perfect,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-021", "start": 1727.89, "end": 1729.69, "text": "right? Because that's where God lives.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-022", "start": 1730.29, "end": 1732.87, "text": "But Kepler is saying,", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0025-chunk-023", "start": 1733.01, "end": 1736.43, "text": "nope, the orbit is elliptical.", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "e1cde2f0a7d0933b0492757bc88b37b8096d16618b894e18bd7d9248cfdf291e", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0025", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=1676s", "time_label": "27:56", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0026", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0026", "start": 1737.5, "end": 1803.7, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "And then what else he did that was revolutionary is that he discovered that there was a correlation between this orbit and the matter. And that's why he's saying that the Earth is the last of the planet, okay? And this will give rise to Newton, but Kepler made all these revolutionary discoveries. Now comes Galileo. And Galileo, he lives in Florence at this time, and so he's under the purview of the Catholic Church. So he comes from a pretty normal background. When he grew up, he wanted to be a monk. But his dad wanted him to become a doctor instead. And then they made a compromise, and he said, I'll go study mathematics, but his dad was insistent that he go study medicine. Eventually, Galileo managed to go do what he wanted and just do science, okay? At this point, they invented a telescope. And this was not a great telescope. So a telescope could give you three times the magnification of the human eye, okay?", "word_count": 169, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-001", "start": 1737.5, "end": 1741.6, "text": "And then what else he did that was revolutionary is that he", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-002", "start": 1741.6, "end": 1747.98, "text": "discovered that there was a correlation between this orbit and the matter.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-003", "start": 1748.04, "end": 1748.36, "text": "And that's why he's saying that the Earth is the last of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-004", "start": 1748.36, "end": 1749.32, "text": "the planet, okay?", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-005", "start": 1749.44, "end": 1751.74, "text": "And this will give rise to Newton,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-006", "start": 1751.9, "end": 1755.2, "text": "but Kepler made all these revolutionary discoveries.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-007", "start": 1756.52, "end": 1758.04, "text": "Now comes Galileo.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-008", "start": 1758.38, "end": 1762.96, "text": "And Galileo, he lives in Florence at this time,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-009", "start": 1763.19, "end": 1766.85, "text": "and so he's under the purview of the Catholic Church.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-010", "start": 1768.46, "end": 1770.96, "text": "So he comes from a pretty normal background.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-011", "start": 1771.22, "end": 1772.78, "text": "When he grew up, he wanted to be a monk.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-012", "start": 1773.06, "end": 1776.68, "text": "But his dad wanted him to become a doctor instead.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-013", "start": 1776.68, "end": 1778.82, "text": "And then they made a compromise,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-014", "start": 1779.4, "end": 1780.9, "text": "and he said, I'll go study mathematics,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-015", "start": 1781.28, "end": 1784.2, "text": "but his dad was insistent that he go study medicine.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-016", "start": 1784.68, "end": 1791.5, "text": "Eventually, Galileo managed to go do what he wanted and just do", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-017", "start": 1791.5, "end": 1792.12, "text": "science, okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-018", "start": 1793.42, "end": 1795.86, "text": "At this point, they invented a telescope.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-019", "start": 1796.12, "end": 1797.66, "text": "And this was not a great telescope.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-020", "start": 1797.86, "end": 1798.04, "text": "So", "word_count": 1 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-021", "start": 1798.04, "end": 1803.3, "text": "a telescope could give you three times the magnification of the human", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0026-chunk-022", "start": 1803.3, "end": 1803.7, "text": "eye, okay?", "word_count": 2 } ], "text_sha256": "d3a6b174bd530a9fc39522505466d8fdb693ed9e0fe8dd944992f6314219ed0c", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0026", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=1737s", "time_label": "28:57", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0027", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0027", "start": 1803.76, "end": 1866.78, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "But it's not that great. But with this telescope... This new invention, Galileo did amazing things. First thing he did was he discovered that Jupiter had moons. And this was revolutionary because it was assumed that everything revolved around the planet Earth. But now he showed that moons revolved around Jupiter. He also recognized that from the Earth, you're able to see Venus spin around us. And that also was revolutionary because it was assumed that Earth stood still and all the planets stood still, okay? So he wrote this book, and it was a sensation. He became like the core scientist to the Medici family, and the Catholic Church thought this book was great, okay? But the thing about Galileo, which is very important, is that he was a very arrogant man. Okay? And because he was promoting the heliocentrism. He was promoting the heliocentric", "word_count": 146, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-001", "start": 1803.76, "end": 1804.76, "text": "But it's not that great.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-002", "start": 1804.96, "end": 1806.66, "text": "But with this telescope...", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-003", "start": 1806.68, "end": 1810.72, "text": "This new invention, Galileo did amazing things.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-004", "start": 1811.08, "end": 1815.36, "text": "First thing he did was he discovered that Jupiter had moons.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-005", "start": 1815.6, "end": 1820.18, "text": "And this was revolutionary because it was assumed that everything revolved around", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-006", "start": 1820.18, "end": 1822.74, "text": "the planet Earth.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-007", "start": 1823.42, "end": 1826.86, "text": "But now he showed that moons revolved around Jupiter.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-008", "start": 1827.28, "end": 1831.63, "text": "He also recognized that from the Earth,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-009", "start": 1831.77, "end": 1835.58, "text": "you're able to see Venus spin around us.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-010", "start": 1835.58, "end": 1843.02, "text": "And that also was revolutionary because it was assumed that Earth stood", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-011", "start": 1843.02, "end": 1844.8, "text": "still and all the planets stood still,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-012", "start": 1844.96, "end": 1848.33, "text": "okay? So he wrote this book,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-013", "start": 1848.43, "end": 1849.73, "text": "and it was a sensation.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-014", "start": 1850.09, "end": 1853.49, "text": "He became like the core scientist to the Medici family,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-015", "start": 1853.69, "end": 1856.61, "text": "and the Catholic Church thought this book was great,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-016", "start": 1856.79, "end": 1859.57, "text": "okay? But the thing about Galileo,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-017", "start": 1859.59, "end": 1862.49, "text": "which is very important, is that he was a very arrogant man.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-018", "start": 1863.24, "end": 1866.58, "text": "Okay? And because he was promoting the heliocentrism.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0027-chunk-019", "start": 1866.6, "end": 1866.78, "text": "He was promoting the heliocentric", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "ba77a0e1741796206b84f16fa8684b97f97181e73c2ce24a76d3feebfababe9e", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0027", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=1803s", "time_label": "30:03", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0028", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0028", "start": 1866.78, "end": 1929.32, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "model, he was coming into conflict with a lot of academics that were extremely well established who made their living off the heliocentric model, okay? So they're having these arguments, and Galileo's arguments were very limited. Remember, this is a new idea. It's not really supported by mathematics. It's not really supported by a lot of data, okay? So Galileo's entire logic was, I speak to God, I know the truth, and you're all idiots, okay? So that's basically how he spoke to his enemies. And as you can imagine, he had more and more enemies. And as you can also imagine, his enemies were devising ways to get at Galileo. One thing that Galileo was saying privately that he should not have been saying is that people were saying to him, listen, this heliocentric model, it's fine, but it goes against Scripture, okay? Let's look at Scripture. Scripture says that the Earth, it's firm. It's firm. It's firm and immovable, okay?", "word_count": 162, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-001", "start": 1866.78, "end": 1870.06, "text": "model, he was coming into conflict with a lot of academics that", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-002", "start": 1870.06, "end": 1874.2, "text": "were extremely well established who made their living off the heliocentric model,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-003", "start": 1874.48, "end": 1875.66, "text": "okay? So they're having these arguments,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-004", "start": 1875.88, "end": 1881.4, "text": "and Galileo's arguments were very limited.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-005", "start": 1881.7, "end": 1883.1, "text": "Remember, this is a new idea.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-006", "start": 1883.24, "end": 1884.46, "text": "It's not really supported by mathematics.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-007", "start": 1884.74, "end": 1887.1, "text": "It's not really supported by a lot of data,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-008", "start": 1887.24, "end": 1891.36, "text": "okay? So Galileo's entire logic was,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-009", "start": 1891.62, "end": 1894.52, "text": "I speak to God, I know the truth,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-010", "start": 1894.78, "end": 1896.22, "text": "and you're all idiots, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-011", "start": 1896.86, "end": 1899.34, "text": "So that's basically how he spoke to his enemies.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-012", "start": 1899.56, "end": 1900.24, "text": "And as you can imagine,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-013", "start": 1900.4, "end": 1902.22, "text": "he had more and more enemies.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-014", "start": 1902.58, "end": 1903.84, "text": "And as you can also imagine,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-015", "start": 1904.02, "end": 1907.32, "text": "his enemies were devising ways to get at Galileo.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-016", "start": 1907.7, "end": 1912.82, "text": "One thing that Galileo was saying privately that he should not have", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-017", "start": 1912.82, "end": 1917.04, "text": "been saying is that people were saying to him,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-018", "start": 1917.12, "end": 1919.46, "text": "listen, this heliocentric model, it's fine,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-019", "start": 1919.84, "end": 1922.1, "text": "but it goes against Scripture,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-020", "start": 1922.44, "end": 1923.4, "text": "okay? Let's look at Scripture.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-021", "start": 1923.76, "end": 1927.22, "text": "Scripture says that the Earth,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-022", "start": 1927.36, "end": 1928.06, "text": "it's firm.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-023", "start": 1928.08, "end": 1928.12, "text": "It's firm.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-024", "start": 1928.12, "end": 1928.38, "text": "It's firm and", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0028-chunk-025", "start": 1928.38, "end": 1929.32, "text": "immovable, okay?", "word_count": 2 } ], "text_sha256": "5e66c23b9334dfff04d82bca6081ebbe0104741139e94d4e44f0c5da80b950bb", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0028", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=1866s", "time_label": "31:06", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0029", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "start": 1929.46, "end": 1990.08, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "That's what the Bible says. Also, if you look at Genesis, it's clear that God created the Earth first, and then he created the heavens, the sun and the moon and the stars. So logically, everything should revolve around Earth. So Galileo, how do you explain this conflict between your theory of the heliocentric model and Scripture? And Galileo's response was, it's my job to interpret it. It's my job to interpret Scripture. And this, as you remember from last week, it's heresy, okay? If you disagree with the Church, that's not heresy, that could just be ignorance, okay? But if you believe that you are above the Church, if you refuse to accept the authority of the Church, if you believe that I interpret the Bible better than the Church, that is heresy, okay? So Galileo was called before the Inquisition, he was asked to explain himself, and Galileo was pretty confident. You know? He read Medici's,", "word_count": 158, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-001", "start": 1929.46, "end": 1930.52, "text": "That's what the Bible says.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-002", "start": 1930.84, "end": 1932.42, "text": "Also, if you look at Genesis,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-003", "start": 1932.84, "end": 1935.58, "text": "it's clear that God created the Earth first,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-004", "start": 1935.66, "end": 1936.54, "text": "and then he created the heavens,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-005", "start": 1936.62, "end": 1938.54, "text": "the sun and the moon and the stars.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-006", "start": 1938.78, "end": 1943.46, "text": "So logically, everything should revolve around Earth.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-007", "start": 1944.18, "end": 1948.94, "text": "So Galileo, how do you explain this conflict between your theory of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-008", "start": 1948.94, "end": 1951.84, "text": "the heliocentric model and Scripture?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-009", "start": 1952.56, "end": 1958.93, "text": "And Galileo's response was, it's my job to interpret it.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-010", "start": 1958.93, "end": 1959.23, "text": "It's my job to interpret Scripture.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-011", "start": 1960.56, "end": 1963.26, "text": "And this, as you remember from last week,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-012", "start": 1963.32, "end": 1965.24, "text": "it's heresy, okay?", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-013", "start": 1965.57, "end": 1966.41, "text": "If you disagree with the Church,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-014", "start": 1966.59, "end": 1969.4, "text": "that's not heresy, that could just be ignorance,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-015", "start": 1969.64, "end": 1972.82, "text": "okay? But if you believe that you are above the Church,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-016", "start": 1973.02, "end": 1974.74, "text": "if you refuse to accept the authority of the Church,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-017", "start": 1974.82, "end": 1977.96, "text": "if you believe that I interpret the Bible better than the Church,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-018", "start": 1978.16, "end": 1980.48, "text": "that is heresy, okay?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-019", "start": 1980.6, "end": 1983.92, "text": "So Galileo was called before the Inquisition,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-020", "start": 1984.08, "end": 1986.24, "text": "he was asked to explain himself,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-021", "start": 1986.58, "end": 1988.12, "text": "and Galileo was pretty confident.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-022", "start": 1988.26, "end": 1988.52, "text": "You know?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0029-chunk-023", "start": 1989.44, "end": 1990.08, "text": "He read Medici's,", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "6ac98687afa00d720c59851f1b44f3b266b22670cc84c639c490e7b3b9745fb2", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0029", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=1929s", "time_label": "32:09", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0030", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0030", "start": 1990.28, "end": 2051.7, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "he was a very famous author, he was extremely intelligent, he thought that God loved him, okay? So as you can imagine, it was a complete disaster. It was a disastrous meeting, the Inquisition told him to shut up, okay? You can write anything you want privately, but do not promote your views anymore. And because if you were guilty of heresy, you could be burned at the stake, Galileo had no choice but to follow this order, okay? That is until 1632. What happened in 1632? Well, the old pope died, and the new pope, Urban the Eighth, came into power. Who is Urban the Eighth? Well, he was a very good friend of Galileo's, and Urban the Eighth was a huge admirer of Galileo's, okay? So Galileo felt he now had permission to get back at his enemies. So he wrote a book called Dialogue Concerning the Two -Chief World System. And it was basically almost like a platonic dialogue, okay?", "word_count": 163, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-001", "start": 1990.28, "end": 1991.86, "text": "he was a very famous author,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-002", "start": 1992.22, "end": 1995.02, "text": "he was extremely intelligent, he thought that God loved him,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-003", "start": 1995.1, "end": 1997.14, "text": "okay? So as you can imagine,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-004", "start": 1997.48, "end": 1998.74, "text": "it was a complete disaster.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-005", "start": 1999.82, "end": 2001.3, "text": "It was a disastrous meeting,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-006", "start": 2001.84, "end": 2004.04, "text": "the Inquisition told him to shut up,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-007", "start": 2004.18, "end": 2006.46, "text": "okay? You can write anything you want privately,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-008", "start": 2006.58, "end": 2007.98, "text": "but do not promote your views anymore.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-009", "start": 2008.74, "end": 2012.74, "text": "And because if you were guilty of heresy,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-010", "start": 2012.88, "end": 2013.84, "text": "you could be burned at the stake,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-011", "start": 2014.22, "end": 2017.94, "text": "Galileo had no choice but to follow this order,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-012", "start": 2018.12, "end": 2023.84, "text": "okay? That is until 1632.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-013", "start": 2024.42, "end": 2025.56, "text": "What happened in 1632?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-014", "start": 2025.88, "end": 2027.24, "text": "Well, the old pope died,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-015", "start": 2027.54, "end": 2029.82, "text": "and the new pope, Urban the Eighth,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-016", "start": 2029.86, "end": 2030.62, "text": "came into power.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-017", "start": 2031.16, "end": 2032.38, "text": "Who is Urban the Eighth?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-018", "start": 2032.52, "end": 2034.62, "text": "Well, he was a very good friend of Galileo's,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-019", "start": 2034.74, "end": 2038.24, "text": "and Urban the Eighth was a huge admirer of Galileo's,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-020", "start": 2038.24, "end": 2042.48, "text": "okay? So Galileo felt he now had permission to get back at", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-021", "start": 2042.48, "end": 2043.14, "text": "his enemies.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-022", "start": 2043.36, "end": 2047.78, "text": "So he wrote a book called Dialogue Concerning the Two -Chief World", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-023", "start": 2047.78, "end": 2050.36, "text": "System. And it was basically almost like a", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0030-chunk-024", "start": 2050.36, "end": 2051.7, "text": "platonic dialogue, okay?", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "edd232a7b81be9f435c295548075dc093d2986a6b32189cd7d1f8bf99fb4d34d", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0030", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=1990s", "time_label": "33:10", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0031", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "start": 2052.08, "end": 2109.803, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "Where he presented his argument again for the heliocentric model. Not only that, but he made fun of his enemies. So it's a dialogue, and the chief enemy of Galileo, his name was Simplicitus, okay? Simplicitus, moron. Not only that, but he put into the mouth of Simplicitus a lot of the arguments from Pope Urban the Eighth, okay? So he was making fun of the pope, even though they were very good friends. So as you can imagine, the pope was really pissed. At first he banned this book, and what happens when you ban a book? You make it into a national bestseller, okay? So everyone was reading this book. So now Urban the Eighth was really angry, and so he called for the Inquisition, okay? So Galileo was halt before the Inquisition, and Galileo now had to explain himself. Okay? And Galileo was coming up with a lot of really silly excuses.", "word_count": 155, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-001", "start": 2052.08, "end": 2055.78, "text": "Where he presented his argument again for the heliocentric model.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-002", "start": 2056.54, "end": 2059, "text": "Not only that, but he made fun of his enemies.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-003", "start": 2059.22, "end": 2063.48, "text": "So it's a dialogue, and the chief enemy of Galileo,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-004", "start": 2063.54, "end": 2066, "text": "his name was Simplicitus, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-005", "start": 2066.88, "end": 2068.08, "text": "Simplicitus, moron.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-006", "start": 2068.58, "end": 2073.78, "text": "Not only that, but he put into the mouth of Simplicitus a", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-007", "start": 2073.78, "end": 2077.91, "text": "lot of the arguments from Pope Urban the Eighth,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-008", "start": 2077.91, "end": 2079.11, "text": "okay? So he was making fun of the pope,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-009", "start": 2079.27, "end": 2080.57, "text": "even though they were very good friends.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-010", "start": 2081.07, "end": 2082.09, "text": "So as you can imagine,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-011", "start": 2082.45, "end": 2085.53, "text": "the pope was really pissed.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-012", "start": 2085.81, "end": 2087.25, "text": "At first he banned this book,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-013", "start": 2087.39, "end": 2088.75, "text": "and what happens when you ban a book?", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-014", "start": 2089.07, "end": 2091.01, "text": "You make it into a national bestseller,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-015", "start": 2091.13, "end": 2092.53, "text": "okay? So everyone was reading this book.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-016", "start": 2092.87, "end": 2095.43, "text": "So now Urban the Eighth was really angry,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-017", "start": 2095.63, "end": 2098.19, "text": "and so he called for the Inquisition,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-018", "start": 2098.31, "end": 2102.09, "text": "okay? So Galileo was halt before the Inquisition,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-019", "start": 2102.29, "end": 2105.77, "text": "and Galileo now had to explain himself.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-020", "start": 2106.13, "end": 2109.31, "text": "Okay? And Galileo was coming up with a lot of really silly", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0031-chunk-021", "start": 2109.31, "end": 2109.803, "text": "excuses.", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "a8140725685e9cfb042d8c0873a4c0100de55e1893d271a25221696b253fe7c1", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0031", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=2052s", "time_label": "34:12", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0032", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0032", "start": 2109.803, "end": 2184.02, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "So what he said is, listen, this book, it's a satire. It's a thought experiment. I know that the heliocentric model is wrong. And so I wrote this book as an intellectual exercise to see how wrong it could be, and to see if it could be right. Okay? So he was saying things like this. Didn't understand. Didn't work. And they basically put him under arrest, okay? At this point, Galileo's friends pleaded with the pope, and the pope said, fine, I'm a generous person. I will commute his sentence to house arrest for the rest of his life, okay? So that is a story of Galileo, all right? So you can make the argument that it was Galileo's personality that was responsible for the trial. For his trial and downfall. It was his hubris. It's a very classic Greek tragedy. But historically, that's not how we remember this story. The reason why is, again, remember, there's a major conflict between the Protestants and the Catholics.", "word_count": 167, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-001", "start": 2109.803, "end": 2113.63, "text": "So what he said is, listen, this book,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-002", "start": 2113.77, "end": 2115.45, "text": "it's a satire.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-003", "start": 2115.85, "end": 2116.93, "text": "It's a thought experiment.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-004", "start": 2117.87, "end": 2120.85, "text": "I know that the heliocentric model is wrong.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-005", "start": 2121.45, "end": 2129.17, "text": "And so I wrote this book as an intellectual exercise to see", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-006", "start": 2129.17, "end": 2130.37, "text": "how wrong it could be,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-007", "start": 2130.49, "end": 2132.15, "text": "and to see if it could be right.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-008", "start": 2132.77, "end": 2135.39, "text": "Okay? 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At this point, Galileo's friends pleaded with the pope,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-013", "start": 2146.58, "end": 2148.08, "text": "and the pope said, fine,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-014", "start": 2148.46, "end": 2149.48, "text": "I'm a generous person.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-015", "start": 2149.72, "end": 2153.08, "text": "I will commute his sentence to house arrest for the rest of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-016", "start": 2153.08, "end": 2153.94, "text": "his life, okay?", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-017", "start": 2154.32, "end": 2157.98, "text": "So that is a story of Galileo,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-018", "start": 2158, "end": 2158.86, "text": "all right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-019", "start": 2158.9, "end": 2164.56, "text": "So you can make the argument that it was Galileo's personality that", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-020", "start": 2164.56, "end": 2166.54, "text": "was responsible for the trial.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-021", "start": 2166.54, "end": 2168.3, "text": "For his trial and downfall.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-022", "start": 2168.4, "end": 2169.76, "text": "It was his hubris.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-023", "start": 2170.06, "end": 2173.42, "text": "It's a very classic Greek tragedy.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-024", "start": 2174.04, "end": 2179.12, "text": "But historically, that's not how we remember this story.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-025", "start": 2179.38, "end": 2181.08, "text": "The reason why is, again,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-026", "start": 2181.12, "end": 2182.74, "text": "remember, there's a major conflict between", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0032-chunk-027", "start": 2182.74, "end": 2184.02, "text": "the Protestants and the Catholics.", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "d47b008bd7fdd8bad75363b351b47acc614486e973b994eba1ae30f2b9e86203", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0032", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=2109s", "time_label": "35:09", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0033", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "start": 2184.3, "end": 2256.79, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "So the Protestants will use this trial as propaganda against the church. And the Protestants will say, you see how anti -science the church is. And Galileo will be... Will be remembered now as the father of modern science because he put science above religion. And even though Galileo was disgraced during his time, eventually what will happen is the Florentines, the people of Florence, they will dig up his grave and put his body beside Michelangelo and Dante, all right? That's how they revered the contribution of Galileo. Okay. All right. So again, even though the theory of heliocentricism, it is correct, the mathematics didn't make any sense. At this time in history, if you had a team of scientists go and look at the geocentric argument versus the heliocentric argument, they would say the geocentric argument makes more or less sense, okay? It was not until Newton when the mathematics came into being that allowed for the heliocentric model to be widely accepted.", "word_count": 165, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-001", "start": 2184.3, "end": 2188.24, "text": "So the Protestants will use this trial as propaganda against the church.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-002", "start": 2188.54, "end": 2189.82, "text": "And the Protestants will say,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-003", "start": 2189.96, "end": 2194.74, "text": "you see how anti -science the church is.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-004", "start": 2194.88, "end": 2196.18, "text": "And Galileo will be...", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-005", "start": 2196.18, "end": 2200.26, "text": "Will be remembered now as the father of modern science because he", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-006", "start": 2200.26, "end": 2201.82, "text": "put science above religion.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-007", "start": 2202.24, "end": 2207.7, "text": "And even though Galileo was disgraced during his time,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-008", "start": 2207.82, "end": 2210.72, "text": "eventually what will happen is the Florentines,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-009", "start": 2210.82, "end": 2214.14, "text": "the people of Florence, they will dig up his grave and put", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-010", "start": 2214.14, "end": 2217.32, "text": "his body beside Michelangelo and Dante,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-011", "start": 2217.68, "end": 2218.6, "text": "all right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-012", "start": 2218.68, "end": 2223.68, "text": "That's how they revered the contribution of Galileo.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-013", "start": 2224.5, "end": 2226.3, "text": "Okay. All right.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-014", "start": 2226.3, "end": 2231.64, "text": "So again, even though the theory of heliocentricism,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-015", "start": 2231.7, "end": 2234.8, "text": "it is correct, the mathematics didn't make any sense.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-016", "start": 2235.06, "end": 2236.52, "text": "At this time in history,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-017", "start": 2236.74, "end": 2240.08, "text": "if you had a team of scientists go and look at the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-018", "start": 2240.08, "end": 2242.14, "text": "geocentric argument versus the heliocentric argument,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-019", "start": 2242.44, "end": 2246.04, "text": "they would say the geocentric argument makes more or less sense,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-020", "start": 2246.26, "end": 2252.03, "text": "okay? It was not until Newton when the mathematics came into being", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0033-chunk-021", "start": 2252.03, "end": 2256.79, "text": "that allowed for the heliocentric model to be widely accepted.", "word_count": 10 } ], "text_sha256": "d6510032f370fe045f7e9f8a06439171234c69cfcf0fd4addd8f4b19f727ab34", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0033", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=2184s", "time_label": "36:24", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0034", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "start": 2256.81, "end": 2314.73, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "Newton, as you know, he's the person who created calculus. The calculus you're learning in school, guess what? He was responsible for the creation of calculus. Now, what's really interesting for us to know about Newton is Newton didn't really see himself as a mathematician or a scientist. These were side hobbies. What he really was was a theologian, okay? So he spent most of his time actually reading the Bible because he was convinced that reading the Bible were the secrets of the universe. Specifically, he wanted to know when the world would end, okay? And he spent most of his life doing these calculations and he told us that the world will probably end, I don't know, 2060, okay? 2050, 2060, around then. So he spent most of his time doing theology. This is important for us because even at this time, even as the scientific revolution is gaining steam, there is no separation between religion and science.", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-001", "start": 2256.81, "end": 2260.23, "text": "Newton, as you know, he's the person who created calculus.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-002", "start": 2260.53, "end": 2261.49, "text": "The calculus you're learning in school,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-003", "start": 2261.69, "end": 2262.27, "text": "guess what?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-004", "start": 2262.47, "end": 2265.83, "text": "He was responsible for the creation of calculus.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-005", "start": 2266.31, "end": 2271.19, "text": "Now, what's really interesting for us to know about Newton is Newton", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-006", "start": 2271.19, "end": 2276.15, "text": "didn't really see himself as a mathematician or a scientist.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-007", "start": 2276.53, "end": 2277.73, "text": "These were side hobbies.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-008", "start": 2278.28, "end": 2281.44, "text": "What he really was was a theologian,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-009", "start": 2281.46, "end": 2284.68, "text": "okay? So he spent most of his time actually reading the Bible", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-010", "start": 2284.68, "end": 2288.2, "text": "because he was convinced that reading the Bible were the secrets of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-011", "start": 2288.2, "end": 2288.72, "text": "the universe.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-012", "start": 2289.14, "end": 2292.94, "text": "Specifically, he wanted to know when the world would end,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-013", "start": 2293.08, "end": 2296.98, "text": "okay? And he spent most of his life doing these calculations and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-014", "start": 2296.98, "end": 2298.7, "text": "he told us that the world will probably end,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-015", "start": 2298.94, "end": 2300.36, "text": "I don't know, 2060, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-016", "start": 2300.38, "end": 2301.88, "text": "2050, 2060, around then.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-017", "start": 2302.56, "end": 2304.96, "text": "So he spent most of his time doing theology.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-018", "start": 2305.24, "end": 2309.09, "text": "This is important for us because even at this time,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-019", "start": 2309.17, "end": 2310.37, "text": "even as the scientific revolution is", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0034-chunk-020", "start": 2310.37, "end": 2314.73, "text": "gaining steam, there is no separation between religion and science.", "word_count": 10 } ], "text_sha256": "4d6d1d00d2bcbd95fa5c81f3deee054feb4b398b5ecdbb8b29d382b511ff3ff7", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0034", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=2256s", "time_label": "37:36", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0035", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035", "start": 2315.66, "end": 2372.04, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "People understood faith. They understood faith as a very important cornerstone of science. Without faith, how could you have the energy and the inspiration to understand the mind of God, okay? Newton is also famous for being an alchemist. So he spent most of his time also doing these science experiments where he's trying to combine different elements. Unfortunately, chemistry at this point, it's very primitive. So he was thinking mercury, okay? He was convinced that mercury will lead to the colossal stone. He was eating it. He was tasting it. And as a result, he had a lot of mercury poisoning problems. He couldn't sleep. He had delusions. His hair was falling out. He had mercury poisoning, okay? But at the same time, he had the inspiration to come up with the mathematics to prove the heliocentric model is correct, okay? The book he wrote is called the Principia.", "word_count": 150, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-001", "start": 2315.66, "end": 2316.94, "text": "People understood faith.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-002", "start": 2316.94, "end": 2320.66, "text": "They understood faith as a very important cornerstone of science.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-003", "start": 2321.1, "end": 2325.62, "text": "Without faith, how could you have the energy and the inspiration to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-004", "start": 2325.62, "end": 2326.66, "text": "understand the mind of God,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-005", "start": 2326.9, "end": 2332.22, "text": "okay? Newton is also famous for being an alchemist.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-006", "start": 2332.5, "end": 2337.06, "text": "So he spent most of his time also doing these science experiments", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-007", "start": 2337.06, "end": 2338.92, "text": "where he's trying to combine different elements.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-008", "start": 2339.54, "end": 2341.74, "text": "Unfortunately, chemistry at this point,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-009", "start": 2341.76, "end": 2342.8, "text": "it's very primitive.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-010", "start": 2343.08, "end": 2344.32, "text": "So he was thinking mercury,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-011", "start": 2344.62, "end": 2347.16, "text": "okay? He was convinced that mercury will lead to the colossal stone.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-012", "start": 2347.36, "end": 2348.2, "text": "He was eating it.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-013", "start": 2348.2, "end": 2348.88, "text": "He was tasting it.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-014", "start": 2349.04, "end": 2352.66, "text": "And as a result, he had a lot of mercury poisoning problems.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-015", "start": 2352.82, "end": 2353.46, "text": "He couldn't sleep.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-016", "start": 2353.72, "end": 2354.98, "text": "He had delusions.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-017", "start": 2355.14, "end": 2356.6, "text": "His hair was falling out.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-018", "start": 2357.4, "end": 2359, "text": "He had mercury poisoning, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-019", "start": 2359.97, "end": 2362.54, "text": "But at the same time,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-020", "start": 2362.54, "end": 2366.82, "text": "he had the inspiration to come up with the mathematics to prove", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-021", "start": 2366.82, "end": 2368.34, "text": "the heliocentric model is correct,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0035-chunk-022", "start": 2368.56, "end": 2372.04, "text": "okay? The book he wrote is called the Principia.", "word_count": 9 } ], "text_sha256": "aeb8006ed93ee16be91e73fcdb2c4f6eda0970aa5ba6bb163a653d6a22e41295", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0035", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=2315s", "time_label": "38:35", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0036", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "start": 2372.44, "end": 2453.72, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "At this time, Latin is the universal language of scientists, right? And also, guys, at this time, they're not called scientists. They're called natural philosophers, all right? Science is considered a part of philosophy. All right, so in 1687, this debate ended with the publication of this book. Newton used mathematics to prove once and for all the heliocentric model. This is one page from the Principia. Okay? And as you can see, there are a lot of mathematics, there are a lot of diagrams, okay? In this book, you also find his laws of motions. So Newton's great insight was that probably the laws of attraction, gravity that govern this world, probably govern the heavens as well, okay? So before, it was assumed that the heavens and the earth were separate. And now he's saying that no, these are combined together. And he created... Laws of planetary motion, okay? He figured out the mathematics that told us the relationship between the size of the planets, the mass, and how they orbited, okay?", "word_count": 173, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-001", "start": 2372.44, "end": 2377.36, "text": "At this time, Latin is the universal language of scientists,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-002", "start": 2377.56, "end": 2382.42, "text": "right? And also, guys, at this time,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-003", "start": 2382.42, "end": 2383.48, "text": "they're not called scientists.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-004", "start": 2383.58, "end": 2386.6, "text": "They're called natural philosophers, all right?", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-005", "start": 2386.68, "end": 2388.3, "text": "Science is considered a part of philosophy.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-006", "start": 2388.98, "end": 2391.22, "text": "All right, so in 1687,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-007", "start": 2391.64, "end": 2395.04, "text": "this debate ended with the publication of this book.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-008", "start": 2395.8, "end": 2404.04, "text": "Newton used mathematics to prove once and for all the heliocentric model.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-009", "start": 2404.24, "end": 2408.32, "text": "This is one page from the Principia.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-010", "start": 2408.32, "end": 2409.26, "text": "Okay? And as you can see,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-011", "start": 2409.32, "end": 2410.84, "text": "there are a lot of mathematics,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-012", "start": 2411.06, "end": 2411.88, "text": "there are a lot of diagrams,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-013", "start": 2412.2, "end": 2417.04, "text": "okay? In this book, you also find his laws of motions.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-014", "start": 2417.76, "end": 2423.88, "text": "So Newton's great insight was that probably the laws of attraction,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-015", "start": 2424.14, "end": 2425.92, "text": "gravity that govern this world,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-016", "start": 2426.18, "end": 2430.06, "text": "probably govern the heavens as well,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-017", "start": 2430.2, "end": 2432.8, "text": "okay? So before, it was assumed that the heavens and the earth", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-018", "start": 2432.8, "end": 2433.34, "text": "were separate.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-019", "start": 2433.54, "end": 2435, "text": "And now he's saying that no,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-020", "start": 2435.22, "end": 2436.36, "text": "these are combined together.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-021", "start": 2437.42, "end": 2438.98, "text": "And he created...", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-022", "start": 2440.56, "end": 2442.2, "text": "Laws of planetary motion, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-023", "start": 2442.42, "end": 2449.06, "text": "He figured out the mathematics that told us the relationship", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-024", "start": 2449.06, "end": 2451.06, "text": "between the size of the planets,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-025", "start": 2451.1, "end": 2452.98, "text": "the mass, and how they orbited,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0036-chunk-026", "start": 2453.16, "end": 2453.72, "text": "okay?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "3292cceae25fbe7d3346b1525e5ef1a272547d5b0a64a818cd190bdc69b2ac83", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0036", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=2372s", "time_label": "39:32", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0037", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0037", "start": 2453.72, "end": 2512.43, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "Now the problem, though, he had a huge problem. The problem is he had the correlation, he had the mathematical correlation, but he didn't know why the correlation existed. He couldn't solve the causation problem, okay? There's just no way that God would spend his time... Moving the planets around. He was much too busy. So there had to be an underlying cause. He didn't know what it was, though, okay? And who figured it out? Well, Einstein figured it out, right? So at this point, in 1905, we knew that there was a correlation between the size of a planet and how it moved, okay? And gravity. But we didn't know why. And it was the genius of Einstein to figure it out. Now you... You remember Einstein because of his famous equation E equals MC squared, okay? What does E equals MC squared mean? It means that mass and energy are correlated.", "word_count": 154, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-001", "start": 2453.72, "end": 2455.96, "text": "Now the problem, though,", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-002", "start": 2456, "end": 2456.76, "text": "he had a huge problem.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-003", "start": 2456.82, "end": 2458.88, "text": "The problem is he had the correlation,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-004", "start": 2459.4, "end": 2460.4, "text": "he had the mathematical correlation,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-005", "start": 2460.46, "end": 2463.12, "text": "but he didn't know why the correlation existed.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-006", "start": 2463.48, "end": 2465.82, "text": "He couldn't solve the causation problem,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-007", "start": 2466.06, "end": 2469.06, "text": "okay? There's just no way that God would spend his time...", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-008", "start": 2469.06, "end": 2470.04, "text": "Moving the planets around.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-009", "start": 2470.14, "end": 2470.98, "text": "He was much too busy.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-010", "start": 2471.08, "end": 2473.32, "text": "So there had to be an underlying cause.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-011", "start": 2473.66, "end": 2474.64, "text": "He didn't know what it was,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-012", "start": 2474.64, "end": 2475.42, "text": "though, okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-013", "start": 2475.52, "end": 2476.66, "text": "And who figured it out?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-014", "start": 2477.14, "end": 2479.74, "text": "Well, Einstein figured it out,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-015", "start": 2479.8, "end": 2482.96, "text": "right? So at this point,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-016", "start": 2483.02, "end": 2489.75, "text": "in 1905, we knew that there was a correlation between the size", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-017", "start": 2489.75, "end": 2492.55, "text": "of a planet and how it moved,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-018", "start": 2492.77, "end": 2494.57, "text": "okay? And gravity.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-019", "start": 2495.11, "end": 2496.33, "text": "But we didn't know why.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-020", "start": 2496.63, "end": 2499.11, "text": "And it was the genius of Einstein to figure it out.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-021", "start": 2499.31, "end": 2500.05, "text": "Now you...", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-022", "start": 2500.05, "end": 2504.93, "text": "You remember Einstein because of his famous equation E equals MC squared,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-023", "start": 2505.25, "end": 2507.81, "text": "okay? What does E equals MC squared mean?", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-024", "start": 2507.95, "end": 2508.03, "text": "It", "word_count": 1 }, { "id": "seg-0037-chunk-025", "start": 2508.03, "end": 2512.43, "text": "means that mass and energy are correlated.", "word_count": 7 } ], "text_sha256": "60966176188a4afd286a0615d2bd75554d681e0310c7c6cc91ff12085404721d", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0037", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=2453s", "time_label": "40:53", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0038", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "start": 2513.03, "end": 2568.34, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "And this is a revolution. We didn't... We didn't understand this before, right? We just thought... We just assumed that solids and vibrations are different. And what Einstein is saying is that in order for a solid to exist, there had to be vibrations in the first place. And this map... This formula tells us... This formula tells us that within all objects, there is almost an infinite amount of energy, okay? Because C is the speed of light. And why is this important? Because this formula will allow us to develop the nuclear bomb, right? By splitting an atom, you can create almost an infinite amount of energy in this world, okay? So that's a major contribution of Einstein. But at his... At... At his time, he was mainly known for figuring out the causation process. The causation of the problem in space, okay? And what... And how Einstein figured it out is by developing a new idea called space -time.", "word_count": 162, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-001", "start": 2513.03, "end": 2514.11, "text": "And this is a revolution.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-002", "start": 2514.47, "end": 2514.91, "text": "We didn't...", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-003", "start": 2514.91, "end": 2515.63, "text": "We didn't understand this before,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0038-chunk-004", "start": 2515.81, "end": 2516.63, "text": "right? 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And because it warped it, it drew things into its orbit. And the... And then these things would have to move around this... This... This will be like solid, okay? So space -time curvature now helps us understand the laws of planetary motion first developed by Kepler and then by... And then refined by Newton, okay? And what's amazing about... About Einstein is... And this is like... This will blow your mind, okay? But he did all this while sitting at a desk at a pilot office in Switzerland. He was not in a laboratory. 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This will be like solid,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-011", "start": 2592.44, "end": 2598.74, "text": "okay? So space -time curvature now helps us understand the laws of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-012", "start": 2598.74, "end": 2601.84, "text": "planetary motion first developed by Kepler and then by...", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-013", "start": 2601.84, "end": 2603.32, "text": "And then refined by Newton,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-014", "start": 2603.48, "end": 2605.56, "text": "okay? 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But he did all this while sitting at a desk at", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-019", "start": 2616.42, "end": 2618.36, "text": "a pilot office in Switzerland.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-020", "start": 2618.66, "end": 2619.96, "text": "He was not in a laboratory.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-021", "start": 2620.2, "end": 2621, "text": "He was not at a university.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-022", "start": 2621, "end": 2627.82, "text": "he was just thinking by himself his daydreaming okay so this was", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0039-chunk-023", "start": 2627.82, "end": 2629.12, "text": "just an incredible", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "fe90702d05c4cd82e772108a34c670675597d9910163765ad5b1a8f1e5d99423", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0039", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=2569s", "time_label": "42:49", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0040", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0040", "start": 2629.12, "end": 2696.15, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "achievement okay and so the mathematics is very complicated okay but all you need you need to understand is that he figured out that there's mathematical relationship between the mass of the object and the space -time curvature okay and this formula tells us what the relationship is and the and why mathematics is important is it allows us to make predictions and these predictions will tell us if the if the science actually works or not okay if the model the theory makes sense or not and so so Einstein's theory of relativity space -time curvature it is one more successful models in history because it predicts the black hole okay the black hole is almost solid that is infinitely massive and therefore it attracts everything into it and sucks everything into it including light okay so it predicts the idea of the black hole and we discovered the black hole all right so this confirms the theory of", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-001", "start": 2629.12, "end": 2636.3, "text": "achievement okay and so the mathematics is very complicated okay but all", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-002", "start": 2636.3, "end": 2639.26, "text": "you need you need to understand is that he figured out that", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-003", "start": 2639.26, "end": 2644.3, "text": "there's mathematical relationship between the mass of the object and the space", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-004", "start": 2644.3, "end": 2650.36, "text": "-time curvature okay and this formula tells us what the relationship is", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0040-chunk-005", "start": 2650.36, "end": 2655.75, "text": "and the and why mathematics is important is it allows us to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": 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Bang because um space -time the idea of space -time is that space is in motion right that's why you have time because it's in motion well if it's in motion then where did it start it had to be like a starting point and that's why scientists not Einstein Einstein was actually against the idea of the Big Bang but a lot of scientists believe that you need a Big Bang okay and and so we have a working model of the Big Bang the problem with this model is that there's actually a lot of evidence against this okay so so there are two examples the first example is using the Hubble telescope the most advanced telescope in the world which is now in outer space we've discovered that they're actually galaxies that came before they were due okay so the idea of Big Bang is that", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-001", "start": 2696.15, "end": 2703.6, "text": "relativity but um the theory of relativity also predicts the Big Bang", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": 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"and and so we have a working model of the Big Bang", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-009", "start": 2728.56, "end": 2734.36, "text": "the problem with this model is that there's actually a lot of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-010", "start": 2734.38, "end": 2738.6, "text": "evidence against this okay so so there are two examples the first", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-011", "start": 2738.6, "end": 2742.54, "text": "example is using the Hubble telescope the most advanced telescope in the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-012", "start": 2742.54, "end": 2745.62, "text": "world which is now in outer space we've discovered that they're actually", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-013", "start": 2745.62, "end": 2751.98, "text": "galaxies that came before they were due okay so the idea of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0041-chunk-014", "start": 2751.98, "end": 2752.62, "text": "Big Bang is that", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "47db49695c877a99cf5757ac8dfbb0d98bf341e3c60ffa42ff783e8855e76c32", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0041", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=2696s", "time_label": "44:56", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0042", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "start": 2752.62, "end": 2812.2, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "is this massive energy explosion and so the galaxies will develop later but our data tells us the galaxies came before much much earlier than we expect okay that's the first thing second problem that we have with the Big Bang model is that this universal expansion it is not constant there are times when actually speeds up which makes no sense why would it speed up okay so this Big Bang model a lot of scientists are now trying to reexamine it okay the problem is and this is a huge problem is we have we don't have a better theory and so to get around the problem of these mathematical inconsistencies in the model scientists create a new concept called dark energy dark energy now you think to yourself dark energy means we can't see it no that's not what it means okay and you're like well dark energy means we can't measure no that's what it means", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-001", "start": 2752.62, "end": 2756.36, "text": "is this massive energy explosion and so the galaxies will develop later", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-002", "start": 2756.36, "end": 2761.22, "text": "but our data tells us the galaxies came before much much earlier", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-003", "start": 2761.22, "end": 2765.4, "text": "than we expect okay that's the first thing second problem that we", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0042-chunk-004", "start": 2765.4, "end": 2770.22, "text": "have with the Big Bang model is that this 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"video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "start": 2812.2, "end": 2874.4, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "dark energy means we don't know what it is okay doesn't mean it exists and we can't see it it just means we have no idea what it is we can explain why the Big Bang is expanding really fast at certain points and really slow at other points and so we just say it must be dark energy okay doesn't make sense guys so dark energy is not something that you can't see it's just like we don't have no idea what it is okay all right so these are the theories okay but the person who was most responsible for the creation of the scientific method his name is actually Francis Bacon and he spent his entire life promoting the idea of scientific processes and methods he's most well known for his book the new Atlantis so in the new new Atlantis which is like a novel the protagonist he ends up in the honor island where they", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": 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like we don't have no idea what it", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-008", "start": 2839.68, "end": 2847.35, "text": "is okay all right so these are the theories okay but the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-009", "start": 2847.35, "end": 2851.07, "text": "person who was most responsible for the creation of the scientific method", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-010", "start": 2851.07, "end": 2855.08, "text": "his name is actually Francis Bacon and he spent his entire life", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-011", "start": 2855.08, "end": 2862.56, "text": "promoting the idea of scientific processes and methods he's most well known", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-012", "start": 2862.56, "end": 2868.48, "text": "for his book the new Atlantis so in the new new Atlantis", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-013", "start": 2868.48, "end": 2873.06, "text": "which is like a novel the protagonist he ends up in the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0043-chunk-014", "start": 2873.06, "end": 2874.4, "text": "honor island where they", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "7d183a2084d5e398a4b9bbb9be147ca596a4acd0d2c5d4d2725207afa8aad134", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0043", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=2812s", "time_label": "46:52", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0044", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "start": 2874.4, "end": 2930.38, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "have the most advanced science in the world and what and the reason why the most advanced science in the world is because they turn science into a bureaucracy a very specialized bureaucracy okay so I'm not going to read all of it all right but there are different offices different hierarchies for different functions so for example we have three that try new experiments such as themselves think good these we call pioneers or miners okay so you have an office a broccoli specifically to do experiments which means that you have an office a bureaucracy specifically come up with hypotheses to ask questions okay also we have three that take care out of them direct new experiments of a higher light more penetrating into nature in the former these we call it lapse so you have a team team to actually audit these experiments and figure out how to improve them, okay? And then lastly we have three that raise the former discoveries by experiments into great observations, axioms, and atherisms.", "word_count": 173, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-001", "start": 2874.4, "end": 2877.86, "text": "have the most advanced science in the world and what and the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-002", "start": 2877.86, "end": 2880.32, "text": "reason why the most advanced science in the world is because they", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-003", "start": 2880.32, "end": 2884.82, "text": "turn science into a bureaucracy a very specialized bureaucracy okay so I'm", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-004", "start": 2884.82, "end": 2886.78, "text": "not going to read all of it all right but there are", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-005", "start": 2886.78, "end": 2892.16, "text": "different offices different hierarchies for different functions so for example we have", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-006", "start": 2892.16, "end": 2895.52, "text": "three that try new experiments such as themselves think good these we", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-007", "start": 2895.52, "end": 2898.66, "text": "call pioneers or miners okay so you have an office a broccoli", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-008", "start": 2898.66, "end": 2902, "text": "specifically to do experiments which means that you have an office a", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-009", "start": 2902, "end": 2908.84, "text": "bureaucracy specifically come up with hypotheses to ask questions okay also we", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-010", "start": 2908.84, "end": 2912.42, "text": "have three that take care out of them direct new experiments of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-011", "start": 2912.42, "end": 2915.54, "text": "a higher light more penetrating into nature in the former these we", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-012", "start": 2915.54, "end": 2918.42, "text": "call it lapse so you have a team team to actually audit", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-013", "start": 2918.42, "end": 2922.48, "text": "these experiments and figure out how to improve them,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-014", "start": 2922.66, "end": 2925.88, "text": "okay? And then lastly we have three", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-015", "start": 2925.88, "end": 2928.9, "text": "that raise the former discoveries by experiments into great observations,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0044-chunk-016", "start": 2929.26, "end": 2930.38, "text": "axioms, and atherisms.", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "85aae514d92db1acc9ede1a07a2fb5de685d8fb1c65b3e4bfcfb37db942386f1", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0044", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=2874s", "time_label": "47:54", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0045", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "start": 2930.42, "end": 2994, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "These we call interpreters of nature. So these are theoreticians. They're the ones who take this experimental data and combine it into a theory. And so Bacon is proposing a scientific bureaucracy. And guess what, guys? We have basically achieved his vision today. If you look at science today, it's essentially a bureaucracy, all right? Now one of the foundations of this bureaucracy was the founding of the Royal Society of London in 1660. Why is this important? Because for the first time, scientists are allowed to present their findings before a group of peers who will question and doubt them. And this will enhance their research and their research process, okay? So the founding of the Royal Society was fundamental. As you can imagine, what will come next is publications, magazines that will showcase a lot of these new discoveries. The founding members of the Royal", "word_count": 147, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-001", "start": 2930.42, "end": 2932.66, "text": "These we call interpreters of nature.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-002", "start": 2933.24, "end": 2934.5, "text": "So these are theoreticians.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-003", "start": 2934.66, "end": 2938.8, "text": "They're the ones who take this experimental data and combine it into", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-004", "start": 2938.8, "end": 2939.58, "text": "a theory.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-005", "start": 2940.36, "end": 2944.03, "text": "And so Bacon is proposing a scientific bureaucracy.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-006", "start": 2944.33, "end": 2945.03, "text": "And guess what, guys?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-007", "start": 2945.03, "end": 2948.82, "text": "We have basically achieved his vision today.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-008", "start": 2949, "end": 2950.14, "text": "If you look at science today,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-009", "start": 2950.42, "end": 2953.62, "text": "it's essentially a bureaucracy, all right?", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-010", "start": 2954.14, "end": 2957.8, "text": "Now one of the foundations of this bureaucracy was the founding of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-011", "start": 2957.8, "end": 2961.22, "text": "the Royal Society of London in 1660.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-012", "start": 2961.5, "end": 2962.36, "text": "Why is this important?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-013", "start": 2962.66, "end": 2964.04, "text": "Because for the first time,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-014", "start": 2964.18, "end": 2970.94, "text": "scientists are allowed to present their findings before a group of peers", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-015", "start": 2970.94, "end": 2972.94, "text": "who will question and doubt them.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-016", "start": 2973.04, "end": 2975.46, "text": "And this will enhance their research and their research process,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-017", "start": 2975.96, "end": 2978.96, "text": "okay? So the founding of the Royal Society was fundamental.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-018", "start": 2979.78, "end": 2982.48, "text": "As you can imagine, what will come next is publications,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-019", "start": 2982.74, "end": 2990.78, "text": "magazines that will showcase a lot of these new discoveries.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0045-chunk-020", "start": 2992.02, "end": 2994, "text": "The founding members of the Royal", "word_count": 6 } ], "text_sha256": "c22ce099e776eb75657597fafc493a5a3f7168cdd71a0e787569a4f9703111f6", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0045", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=2930s", "time_label": "48:50", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0046", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0046", "start": 2994, "end": 3062.02, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "Society include Christopher Wren, who was a very famous architect, as well as Robert Dole, who was a very famous chemist. Okay. Basic background into the history of the Second Revolution. Today we are asking ourselves a very deep question. So the Second Revolution separated science from religion. And there's a lot of concern that this has created a lot of ethical issues within science, okay? So let's look at three major issues. The first major issue is the idea of artificial intelligence. Basically, we're trying to create God. And that's a huge concern. What happens when the computers are much smarter than humans? Okay. Second is the idea of nano technology, where we're trying to go into the atomic level and change the laws of nature, okay? We're trying to defy God. The third is the idea of genetics, where we are trying to change people's genetic blueprint so that we can have designer babies, so that babies will be free from cancer.", "word_count": 164, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-001", "start": 2994, "end": 2997.14, "text": "Society include Christopher Wren, who was a very famous architect,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-002", "start": 2998.3, "end": 2999.76, "text": "as well as Robert Dole,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-003", "start": 2999.86, "end": 3002.82, "text": "who was a very famous chemist.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-004", "start": 3003.46, "end": 3009.7, "text": "Okay. Basic background into the history of the Second Revolution.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-005", "start": 3012.05, "end": 3015.63, "text": "Today we are asking ourselves a very deep question.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-006", "start": 3016.42, "end": 3020.56, "text": "So the Second Revolution separated science from religion.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-007", "start": 3020.96, "end": 3024.82, "text": "And there's a lot of concern that this has created a lot", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-008", "start": 3024.82, "end": 3026.46, "text": "of ethical issues within science,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-009", "start": 3026.6, "end": 3028.48, "text": "okay? So let's look at three major issues.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-010", "start": 3028.68, "end": 3031.38, "text": "The first major issue is the idea of artificial intelligence.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-011", "start": 3031.84, "end": 3033.36, "text": "Basically, we're trying to create God.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-012", "start": 3034.36, "end": 3035.3, "text": "And that's a huge concern.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-013", "start": 3035.3, "end": 3040.22, "text": "What happens when the computers are much smarter than humans?", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-014", "start": 3040.5, "end": 3042.7, "text": "Okay. Second is the idea of nano technology,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-015", "start": 3042.86, "end": 3047.46, "text": "where we're trying to go into the atomic level and change the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-016", "start": 3047.46, "end": 3048.28, "text": "laws of nature, okay?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-017", "start": 3048.38, "end": 3049.52, "text": "We're trying to defy God.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-018", "start": 3049.82, "end": 3051.88, "text": "The third is the idea of genetics,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-019", "start": 3052.08, "end": 3058.06, "text": "where we are trying to change people's genetic blueprint so that we", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-020", "start": 3058.06, "end": 3060.86, "text": "can have designer babies, so that babies will", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0046-chunk-021", "start": 3060.86, "end": 3062.02, "text": "be free from cancer.", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "6724f885523b51141d617f23b72c49552783cec25cb50c47b4b3e5aef4a53d48", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0046", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=2994s", "time_label": "49:54", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0047", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "start": 3062.16, "end": 3133.405, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "Also, we're trying to develop immortality. Okay. We're looking for the elixir of immortality. So these are three massive ethical debates within science. And my argument to you today is that this is the wrong question to ask. This is the wrong question to ask. These are not possible within the current scientific framework that we have today. In fact, I would make the argument that these three are essentially illusions. Hocus pocus, magic. Or you can even go as far as to say they are deliberate scams. So artificial intelligence is the example that we are most familiar with, okay? So I'm sure you've all used ChatGPT. Is it any good? No, it's not. Will it get any better? No, it won't, okay? So, but there's so much hype around it, okay? I don't have time to go into artificial intelligence, but if you want to know more about artificial intelligence and why it's a scam, I can do so later on, okay?", "word_count": 164, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-001", "start": 3062.16, "end": 3064.44, "text": "Also, we're trying to develop immortality.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-002", "start": 3065.2, "end": 3069.66, "text": "Okay. We're looking for the elixir of immortality.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-003", "start": 3070.22, "end": 3075.74, "text": "So these are three massive ethical debates within science.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-004", "start": 3076.66, "end": 3080.33, "text": "And my argument to you today is that this is the wrong", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-005", "start": 3080.33, "end": 3080.91, "text": "question to ask.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-006", "start": 3081.37, "end": 3083.09, "text": "This is the wrong question to ask.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-007", "start": 3084.67, "end": 3090.75, "text": "These are not possible within the current scientific framework that we have", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-008", "start": 3090.75, "end": 3095.03, "text": "today. In fact, I would make the argument that these three are", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-009", "start": 3095.03, "end": 3096.05, "text": "essentially illusions.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-010", "start": 3097.01, "end": 3098.39, "text": "Hocus pocus, magic.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-011", "start": 3098.73, "end": 3101.99, "text": "Or you can even go as far as to say they are", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-012", "start": 3101.99, "end": 3104.6, "text": "deliberate scams.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-013", "start": 3105.2, "end": 3112.04, "text": "So artificial intelligence is the example that we are most familiar with,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-014", "start": 3112.18, "end": 3115.09, "text": "okay? So I'm sure you've all used ChatGPT.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-015", "start": 3115.66, "end": 3116.31, "text": "Is it any good?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-016", "start": 3116.49, "end": 3117.29, "text": "No, it's not.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-017", "start": 3117.61, "end": 3118.61, "text": "Will it get any better?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-018", "start": 3118.79, "end": 3119.93, "text": "No, it won't, okay?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-019", "start": 3120.19, "end": 3122.47, "text": "So, but there's so much hype around it,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-020", "start": 3122.96, "end": 3126.52, "text": "okay? I don't have time to go into artificial intelligence,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-021", "start": 3126.58, "end": 3130.56, "text": "but if you want to know more about artificial intelligence and why", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-022", "start": 3130.56, "end": 3130.7, "text": "it's a", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-023", "start": 3130.7, "end": 3132.98, "text": "scam, I can do so later on,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0047-chunk-024", "start": 3133.06, "end": 3133.405, "text": "okay?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "be33258d68e0d7358be337ad9a79bf5a2775479f9bd8a27f21a8c69bad92a930", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0047", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=3062s", "time_label": "51:02", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0048", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "start": 3133.405, "end": 3198.42, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "Just ask me. All right, so the real problem is this. Okay, the real problem is this. Science has become an imperial bureaucracy. That's the real issue, all right? If you think about the world we live in today, the field that is most like the imperial bureaucracy of China is science today. Science is above nation. It is above government. It does things by itself, okay? And what's science doing? Science is promoting its own bureaucracy. If there's no accountability, if there's no responsibility, if scientists don't actually have to tell us what they're doing, then it's not that they will become God. It's more like they'll become corrupt bureaucrats. Does that make sense? It's more likely that they will take these billions of dollars that governments throw at them, and they'll just waste it all, okay? Why? Because they can. It's much easier for people to be lazy, greedy, and corrupt than it is for them to become God, okay?", "word_count": 162, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-001", "start": 3133.405, "end": 3134.44, "text": "Just ask me.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-002", "start": 3134.7, "end": 3137.1, "text": "All right, so the real problem is this.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-003", "start": 3137.58, "end": 3138.7, "text": "Okay, the real problem is this.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-004", "start": 3139.14, "end": 3141.74, "text": "Science has become an imperial bureaucracy.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-005", "start": 3142.18, "end": 3145.33, "text": "That's the real issue, all right?", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-006", "start": 3145.83, "end": 3147.85, "text": "If you think about the world we live in today,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-007", "start": 3148.61, "end": 3154.03, "text": "the field that is most like the imperial bureaucracy of China is", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-008", "start": 3154.03, "end": 3154.89, "text": "science today.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-009", "start": 3155.41, "end": 3157.51, "text": "Science is above nation.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-010", "start": 3157.63, "end": 3158.75, "text": "It is above government.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-011", "start": 3158.97, "end": 3160.53, "text": "It does things by itself,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-012", "start": 3160.81, "end": 3162.11, "text": "okay? And what's science doing?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-013", "start": 3162.39, "end": 3167.85, "text": "Science is promoting its own bureaucracy.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-014", "start": 3169.49, "end": 3172.43, "text": "If there's no accountability, if there's no responsibility,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-015", "start": 3172.67, "end": 3175.17, "text": "if scientists don't actually have to tell us what they're doing,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-016", "start": 3175.67, "end": 3178.03, "text": "then it's not that they will become God.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-017", "start": 3178.29, "end": 3180.49, "text": "It's more like they'll become corrupt bureaucrats.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-018", "start": 3180.91, "end": 3181.67, "text": "Does that make sense?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-019", "start": 3182.49, "end": 3186.91, "text": "It's more likely that they will take these billions of dollars that", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-020", "start": 3186.91, "end": 3188.95, "text": "governments throw at them, and they'll just waste it all,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-021", "start": 3189.21, "end": 3190.76, "text": "okay? Why?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-022", "start": 3190.96, "end": 3192.34, "text": "Because they can.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-023", "start": 3192.9, "end": 3194.96, "text": "It's much easier for people to be lazy,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-024", "start": 3195.08, "end": 3195.58, "text": "greedy, and", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-025", "start": 3195.58, "end": 3197.66, "text": "corrupt than it is for them to become God,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0048-chunk-026", "start": 3197.8, "end": 3198.42, "text": "okay?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "4a07b06de1b64da978d356812d3d223872b0386a68c8f99025da7b1019f19d18", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0048", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=3133s", "time_label": "52:13", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0049", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "start": 3198.42, "end": 3266.591, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "All right, so let me explain. Okay, so I know this is a hard idea, but genius does not come from hard work. It does not come from, say, some sort of process or some sort of method. It comes from intuition, imagination, and inspiration, okay? So remember when Einstein, he was just daydreaming his theories, okay? Remember when Newton, he was working on theology, he was working on alchemy, and then he developed the ideas of calculus, okay? This is true consistently throughout history. This is a passage from the book The Cosmic Serpent by Jerry Narby, okay? This is a passage from the book The Cosmic Serpent by Jerry Narby, okay? I'll just read it to you. Many of science's central ideas seem to come from beyond the limits of rationalism. People do not logically deduce these ideas. People do not logically deduce these ideas. René Descartes dreams of an angel who explains the basic principles of materialist rationalism to him.", "word_count": 163, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-001", "start": 3198.42, "end": 3202.14, "text": "All right, so let me explain.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-002", "start": 3204.12, "end": 3208.14, "text": "Okay, so I know this is a hard idea,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-003", "start": 3209.1, "end": 3213.32, "text": "but genius does not come from hard work.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-004", "start": 3213.42, "end": 3214.9, "text": "It does not come from,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-005", "start": 3214.9, "end": 3217.28, "text": "say, some sort of process or some sort of method.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-006", "start": 3217.52, "end": 3220.6, "text": "It comes from intuition, imagination,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-007", "start": 3221, "end": 3222.48, "text": "and inspiration, okay?", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-008", "start": 3222.74, "end": 3228.58, "text": "So remember when Einstein, he was just daydreaming his theories,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-009", "start": 3228.84, "end": 3234.2, "text": "okay? Remember when Newton, he was working on theology,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-010", "start": 3234.48, "end": 3235.3, "text": "he was working on alchemy,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-011", "start": 3235.4, "end": 3238.46, "text": "and then he developed the ideas of calculus,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-012", "start": 3238.66, "end": 3241.38, "text": "okay? This is true consistently throughout history.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-013", "start": 3241.64, "end": 3244.7, "text": "This is a passage from the book The Cosmic Serpent by Jerry", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-014", "start": 3244.7, "end": 3245.48, "text": "Narby, okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-015", "start": 3245.56, "end": 3245.6, "text": "This is a passage from the book The Cosmic Serpent by Jerry", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-016", "start": 3245.6, "end": 3245.6, "text": "Narby, okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-017", "start": 3245.6, "end": 3246.48, "text": "I'll just read it to you.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-018", "start": 3246.97, "end": 3251.87, "text": "Many of science's central ideas seem to come from beyond the limits", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-019", "start": 3251.87, "end": 3252.69, "text": "of rationalism.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-020", "start": 3252.77, "end": 3257.45, "text": "People do not logically deduce these ideas.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-021", "start": 3258.92, "end": 3258.96, "text": "People do not logically deduce these ideas.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-022", "start": 3258.96, "end": 3260.34, "text": "René Descartes dreams", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-023", "start": 3260.34, "end": 3266.34, "text": "of an angel who explains the basic principles of materialist rationalism to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0049-chunk-024", "start": 3266.34, "end": 3266.591, "text": "him.", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "c34895e2a06950b7935b58e4c219b4fe8eb29e3d6b898f9fc465e15784bfbbeb", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0049", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=3198s", "time_label": "53:18", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0050", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "start": 3266.591, "end": 3326.414, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "This is no different from Mohammed, who was meditating in a cave, and the angel Gabriel appeared before him. It's religious. Albert Einstein daydreams in a tree, a tram, approaching another, and conceives the theory of relativity, right? James Watson scribbles on a newspaper in a train, then rides his bicycle to reach the conviction that DNA has the form of a double helix. So what gives rise to great science, to great ideas? Well, imagination, intuition, and also faith that you are correct, right? and also faith that you are correct, right? That's Galileo. Galileo was actually convinced that he was right, even though the science was very sloppy, okay? In fact, there's a very famous story where Einstein, in the 1930s and 40s, he was having a huge argument with scientists who were arguing for quantum mechanics, specifically Niels Bohr, okay?", "word_count": 143, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-001", "start": 3266.591, "end": 3268.1, "text": "This is no different from Mohammed,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-002", "start": 3268.46, "end": 3270.58, "text": "who was meditating in a cave,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-003", "start": 3270.68, "end": 3272.52, "text": "and the angel Gabriel appeared before him.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-004", "start": 3272.72, "end": 3273.4, "text": "It's religious.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-005", "start": 3274.26, "end": 3276.58, "text": "Albert Einstein daydreams in a tree,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-006", "start": 3276.58, "end": 3281.32, "text": "a tram, approaching another, and conceives the theory of relativity,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-007", "start": 3281.68, "end": 3287.67, "text": "right? James Watson scribbles on a newspaper in a train,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-008", "start": 3287.83, "end": 3292.49, "text": "then rides his bicycle to reach the conviction that DNA has the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-009", "start": 3292.49, "end": 3294.55, "text": "form of a double helix.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-010", "start": 3295.25, "end": 3298.33, "text": "So what gives rise to great science,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-011", "start": 3298.39, "end": 3298.99, "text": "to great ideas?", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-012", "start": 3300.55, "end": 3306.05, "text": "Well, imagination, intuition, and also faith that you are correct,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-013", "start": 3306.25, "end": 3306.97, "text": "right? and also faith that you are correct,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-014", "start": 3306.97, "end": 3307.49, "text": "right? That's Galileo.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-015", "start": 3307.51, "end": 3309.89, "text": "Galileo was actually convinced that he was right,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-016", "start": 3309.97, "end": 3313.29, "text": "even though the science was very sloppy,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-017", "start": 3313.47, "end": 3317.91, "text": "okay? In fact, there's a very famous story where Einstein,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-018", "start": 3318.43, "end": 3319.91, "text": "in the 1930s and 40s,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-019", "start": 3319.95, "end": 3323.33, "text": "he was having a huge argument with scientists who were arguing for", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-020", "start": 3323.33, "end": 3325.65, "text": "quantum mechanics, specifically Niels Bohr,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0050-chunk-021", "start": 3325.71, "end": 3326.414, "text": "okay?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "fe365f5830a87c3c65e3705e70c936f37e349bbe71c26e0d0046023a80b8d17d", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0050", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=3266s", "time_label": "54:26", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0051", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "start": 3326.414, "end": 3381.11, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "So if you go and look back in the 1930s and 40s, and you look at their arguments, what you will find is that Einstein was very clear, was very logical, was very clear, was very logical, was very logical, was very logical. was very logical, was very logical, was very logical, was very logical, and was very sound, okay? And you will find that Niels Bohr was unclear, illogical, and very sloppy with his science. But Einstein was wrong, Niels Bohr was right. Today, quantum mechanics is a science that underlines all the technology that we have today, including the computer, okay? The semiconductor, the transistor computer, all right? So that's a really important thing we have to remember about science. At first, it seems wrong, but because of people who believe in it have so much conviction faith they eventually triumph okay all right so that's how science develops and this is the argument of Thomas Kuhn in his book the structure", "word_count": 164, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-001", "start": 3326.414, "end": 3331.19, "text": "So if you go and look back in the 1930s and 40s,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-002", "start": 3331.19, "end": 3332.51, "text": "and you look at their arguments,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-003", "start": 3332.67, "end": 3336.25, "text": "what you will find is that Einstein was very clear,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-004", "start": 3336.33, "end": 3337.37, "text": "was very logical, was very clear,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-005", "start": 3337.37, "end": 3337.37, "text": "was very logical, was very logical,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-006", "start": 3337.37, "end": 3337.37, "text": "was very logical.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-007", "start": 3337.39, "end": 3338.51, "text": "was very logical, was very logical,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-008", "start": 3338.51, "end": 3338.51, "text": "was very logical, was very logical,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-009", "start": 3338.51, "end": 3343.17, "text": "and was very sound, okay?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-010", "start": 3343.38, "end": 3346.1, "text": "And you will find that Niels Bohr was unclear,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-011", "start": 3346.54, "end": 3349.5, "text": "illogical, and very sloppy with his science.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-012", "start": 3349.84, "end": 3353.18, "text": "But Einstein was wrong, Niels Bohr was right.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-013", "start": 3353.64, "end": 3357.44, "text": "Today, quantum mechanics is a science that underlines all the technology that", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-014", "start": 3357.44, "end": 3358.62, "text": "we have today, including the computer,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-015", "start": 3358.8, "end": 3360.48, "text": "okay? The semiconductor, the transistor computer,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-016", "start": 3360.82, "end": 3361.74, "text": "all right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-017", "start": 3361.8, "end": 3364.5, "text": "So that's a really important thing we have to remember about science.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-018", "start": 3364.76, "end": 3366.12, "text": "At first, it seems wrong,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-019", "start": 3366.12, "end": 3370.02, "text": "but because of people who believe in it have so much conviction", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-020", "start": 3370.02, "end": 3375.44, "text": "faith they eventually triumph okay all right so that's how science develops", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-021", "start": 3375.44, "end": 3380.71, "text": "and this is the argument of Thomas Kuhn in his book the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0051-chunk-022", "start": 3380.71, "end": 3381.11, "text": "structure", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "fe013cb250c2aa6a94d97ff4132d59bd50ad86ea57bb3899f255e0c8a4039ff9", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0051", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=3326s", "time_label": "55:26", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0052", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0052", "start": 3381.11, "end": 3440.44, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "of sonic revolutions okay this is a book that I highly recommend if you ever said this history of science this is a book the first book that you will read because he goes into how science develops over the centuries the central argument is that science does not develop like piecemeal and slowly and methodically okay it goes through revolutions and paradigm shifts all right okay so so I I know this is gonna be a bit long but it's really important that we read him okay paradigms gain their status because they are more successful than their counter competitors in solving a few problems that the group of practitioners has come to recognize as acute all right so tolerance for his time was considered revolutionary because he saw the problem of why why is it the moon revolves around the earth okay people about a cosmology that was simple and which fit into theology to be more successful", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-001", "start": 3381.11, "end": 3383.59, "text": "of sonic revolutions okay this is a book that I highly recommend", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-002", "start": 3383.59, "end": 3386.37, "text": "if you ever said this history of science this is a book", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-003", "start": 3386.37, "end": 3388.91, "text": "the first book that you will read because he goes into how", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-004", "start": 3388.91, "end": 3394.15, "text": "science develops over the centuries the central argument is that science does", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-005", "start": 3394.15, "end": 3400.54, "text": "not develop like piecemeal and slowly and methodically okay it goes through", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-006", "start": 3400.54, "end": 3410.28, "text": "revolutions and paradigm shifts all right okay so so I I know", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-007", "start": 3410.28, "end": 3412.46, "text": "this is gonna be a bit long but it's really important that", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-008", "start": 3412.46, "end": 3416.96, "text": "we read him okay paradigms gain their status because they are more", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-009", "start": 3416.96, "end": 3421.4, "text": "successful than their counter competitors in solving a few problems that the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-010", "start": 3421.4, "end": 3425.72, "text": "group of practitioners has come to recognize as acute all right so", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-011", "start": 3425.72, "end": 3429.68, "text": "tolerance for his time was considered revolutionary because he saw the problem", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-012", "start": 3429.68, "end": 3433.4, "text": "of why why is it the moon revolves around the earth okay", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-013", "start": 3433.4, "end": 3437.9, "text": "people about a cosmology that was simple and which fit into theology", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0052-chunk-014", "start": 3437.9, "end": 3440.44, "text": "to be more successful", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "f6dd876700115ed53db5cf117101bcde57ff7f0040502e23b5d4bdd7a17fdad9", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0052", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=3381s", "time_label": "56:21", "tags": [ "reading-quoted-material" ] }, { "id": "seg-0053", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0053", "start": 3440.44, "end": 3483.66, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "is not however to be either completely successful with a single problem or no success successful with any large number okay so Tommy's solution only solved a few problems it was not the complete solution the success of a paradigm was not the complete solution the success of a paradigm was not the complete solution the success of a paradigm was not the complete solution the success of a paradigm was not the complete solution the success of a paradigm was not the Sils then the parallel you think about what's going to be right now is written that the freedom of function has the normal function but it's also wrong if the problem of Gianna's system is not satisfied then would not have there parallel you know what so science have a full gone on to the diarrhea period no, not that much more of a decline has dopam energetical values has a Essex to blind me and then", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0053-chunk-001", "start": 3440.44, "end": 3444.76, "text": "is not however to be either completely successful with a single problem", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0053-chunk-002", "start": 3444.76, "end": 3450.2, "text": "or no success successful with any large number okay so Tommy's solution", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0053-chunk-003", "start": 3450.2, "end": 3455.42, "text": "only solved a few problems it was not the complete solution the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0053-chunk-004", "start": 3456.67, "end": 3458.05, "text": "success of a paradigm was not the complete solution the success of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0053-chunk-005", "start": 3458.05, "end": 3463.51, "text": "a paradigm was not the complete solution the success of a paradigm", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0053-chunk-006", "start": 3463.51, "end": 3465.58, "text": "was not the complete solution the success of a paradigm was not", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0053-chunk-007", "start": 3465.58, "end": 3467.83, "text": "the complete solution the success of a paradigm was not the Sils", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0053-chunk-008", "start": 3467.83, "end": 3471.97, "text": "then the parallel you think about what's going to be right now", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0053-chunk-009", "start": 3471.97, "end": 3471.97, "text": "is written that the freedom of function has the normal function but", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0053-chunk-010", "start": 3471.97, "end": 3475.42, "text": "it's also wrong if the problem of Gianna's system is not satisfied", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0053-chunk-011", "start": 3475.42, "end": 3475.74, "text": "then would not have there parallel you know what so science have", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": 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facts that the paradigm displays as particularly revealing by increasing the extent of the match between those facts and the paradigm's predictions and by further articulation of the paradigm itself okay so this is really important guys science is not about discovery it's about refinement does that make sense science will not give us new ideas science will take existing ideas and fine -tune them into something that we can believe that we can use to drive technological innovation okay all right so let's look at another passage turn now to another more difficult and more revealing aspect of the parallel between puzzles and the problems of normal science if it is to classify as a puzzle a problem must be characterized by more than an assured solution there must also be also be rules that limit both the nature of acceptable solutions and the steps by which they are to be obtained.", "word_count": 165, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-001", "start": 3483.66, "end": 3484.82, "text": "from that what does scripture take out a the knowledge of those", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-002", "start": 3484.82, "end": 3490.12, "text": "facts that the paradigm displays as particularly revealing by increasing the extent", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-003", "start": 3490.12, "end": 3494.82, "text": "of the match between those facts and the paradigm's predictions and by", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-004", "start": 3494.82, "end": 3499.74, "text": "further articulation of the paradigm itself okay so this is really important", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-005", "start": 3499.74, "end": 3505.92, "text": "guys science is not about discovery it's about refinement does that make", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-006", "start": 3505.92, "end": 3509.66, "text": "sense science will not give us new ideas science will take existing", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-007", "start": 3509.66, "end": 3513.62, "text": "ideas and fine -tune them into something that we can believe that", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-008", "start": 3513.62, "end": 3521.66, "text": "we can use to drive technological innovation okay all right so let's", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-009", "start": 3521.66, "end": 3525.58, "text": "look at another passage turn now to another more difficult and more", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-010", "start": 3525.58, "end": 3531.1, "text": "revealing aspect of the parallel between puzzles and the problems of normal", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-011", "start": 3531.1, "end": 3535.76, "text": "science if it is to classify as a puzzle a problem must", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-012", "start": 3535.76, "end": 3541.39, "text": "be characterized by more than an assured solution there must also be", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-013", "start": 3541.41, "end": 3545.93, "text": "also be rules that limit both the nature of acceptable solutions and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-014", "start": 3545.93, "end": 3547.35, "text": "the steps by which", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0054-chunk-015", "start": 3547.35, "end": 3548.65, "text": "they are to be obtained.", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "2a3457c3659861e64e409197d4f1eb326d13f2e1bda4bb0717133dd650e17eca", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0054", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=3483s", "time_label": "58:03", "tags": [ "reading-quoted-material" ] }, { "id": "seg-0055", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "start": 3548.97, "end": 3607.37, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "To solve a jigsaw puzzle is not, for example, merely to make a picture. Either a child or a contemporary artist could do that by scattering selected pieces as abstract shapes upon some neutral ground. So this is really important. But what he's saying is this. Science today solves jigsaw puzzles. They're trying to take a larger model and fine -tune pieces that make the model much more elegant. It's not trying to reimagine the model. It's not trying to over -trim the model. It's not trying to add new pieces to the model. All it's doing is fine -tuning existing pieces. It's like you take a jigsaw puzzle, and there's one, exactly one solution to the jigsaw puzzle. If you don't provide that solution, you're wrong. Okay? Does that make sense? That's what science is. Nevertheless, such a picture would not be a solution. Okay? So what he's saying is, if you come up", "word_count": 155, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-001", "start": 3548.97, "end": 3551.21, "text": "To solve a jigsaw puzzle is not,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-002", "start": 3551.31, "end": 3553.93, "text": "for example, merely to make a picture.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-003", "start": 3554.15, "end": 3558.97, "text": "Either a child or a contemporary artist could do that by scattering", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-004", "start": 3558.97, "end": 3564.6, "text": "selected pieces as abstract shapes upon some neutral ground.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-005", "start": 3565.02, "end": 3565.92, "text": "So this is really important.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-006", "start": 3566.08, "end": 3566.78, "text": "But what he's saying is this.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-007", "start": 3567.52, "end": 3569.86, "text": "Science today solves jigsaw puzzles.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-008", "start": 3569.86, "end": 3575.84, "text": "They're trying to take a larger model and fine -tune pieces that", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-009", "start": 3575.96, "end": 3577.96, "text": "make the model much more elegant.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-010", "start": 3578.46, "end": 3581.1, "text": "It's not trying to reimagine the model.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-011", "start": 3581.24, "end": 3582.78, "text": "It's not trying to over -trim the model.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-012", "start": 3582.92, "end": 3584.84, "text": "It's not trying to add new pieces to the model.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-013", "start": 3584.94, "end": 3588.16, "text": "All it's doing is fine -tuning existing pieces.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-014", "start": 3588.64, "end": 3590.32, "text": "It's like you take a jigsaw puzzle,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-015", "start": 3590.6, "end": 3594.34, "text": "and there's one, exactly one solution to the jigsaw puzzle.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-016", "start": 3594.54, "end": 3596.08, "text": "If you don't provide that solution,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-017", "start": 3596.28, "end": 3597, "text": "you're wrong.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-018", "start": 3597.96, "end": 3599.08, "text": "Okay? Does that make sense?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-019", "start": 3599.14, "end": 3599.88, "text": "That's what science is.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-020", "start": 3602.11, "end": 3604.77, "text": "Nevertheless, such a picture would not be a solution.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-021", "start": 3605.01, "end": 3606.01, "text": "Okay? So what he's saying is,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0055-chunk-022", "start": 3606.21, "end": 3607.37, "text": "if you come up", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "55ac292783b5842be50a9eb21491211409fcdf893b4db55f8e6422d42b5a93d2", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0055", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=3548s", "time_label": "59:08", "tags": [ "reading-quoted-material" ] }, { "id": "seg-0056", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "start": 3607.37, "end": 3669.4, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "with a new picture to the jigsaw puzzle, you might be creative, you might be interesting, you might be imaginative, but you're wrong. Okay? Scientists cannot accept your solution. To achieve that, all the pieces must be used, their plain sides must be turned down, and they must be interlocked without forcing until no holes remain. Okay? Those are among the rules that govern jigsaw puzzle solutions. So if you want to solve a jigsaw puzzle, you're wrong. If you are a scientist working today, you are literally solving a jigsaw puzzle. The solution, everyone knows the solution. If you provide something that goes against the accepted solution, you will be, you will not be accepted. Okay? All right. So he concludes, but paradigm debates are not really about relative problem -solving ability, though for good reasons they are usually couched in those terms. Instead, the issue in which paradigm should, in the future, guide research on problem -solving. The", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-001", "start": 3607.37, "end": 3609.65, "text": "with a new picture to the jigsaw puzzle,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-002", "start": 3609.83, "end": 3612.91, "text": "you might be creative, you might be interesting,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-003", "start": 3613.03, "end": 3614.51, "text": "you might be imaginative, but you're wrong.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-004", "start": 3614.77, "end": 3616.55, "text": "Okay? Scientists cannot accept your solution.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-005", "start": 3617.38, "end": 3620.16, "text": "To achieve that, all the pieces must be used,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-006", "start": 3620.38, "end": 3622.38, "text": "their plain sides must be turned down,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-007", "start": 3622.48, "end": 3626.38, "text": "and they must be interlocked without forcing until no holes remain.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-008", "start": 3626.62, "end": 3630.92, "text": "Okay? Those are among the rules that govern jigsaw puzzle solutions.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-009", "start": 3631.43, "end": 3632.17, "text": "So if you want to solve a jigsaw puzzle,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-010", "start": 3632.17, "end": 3632.17, "text": "you're wrong.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-011", "start": 3632.17, "end": 3633.61, "text": "If you are a scientist working today,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-012", "start": 3633.81, "end": 3636.15, "text": "you are literally solving a jigsaw puzzle.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-013", "start": 3636.47, "end": 3638.09, "text": "The solution, everyone knows the solution.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-014", "start": 3638.39, "end": 3641.31, "text": "If you provide something that goes against the accepted solution,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-015", "start": 3641.77, "end": 3643.67, "text": "you will be, you will not be accepted.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-016", "start": 3644.54, "end": 3647.2, "text": "Okay? All right.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-017", "start": 3648.32, "end": 3653.88, "text": "So he concludes, but paradigm debates are not really about relative problem", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-018", "start": 3653.88, "end": 3658.42, "text": "-solving ability, though for good reasons they are usually couched in those", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-019", "start": 3658.42, "end": 3661.94, "text": "terms. Instead, the issue in which paradigm should,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-020", "start": 3662.06, "end": 3664.26, "text": "in the future, guide research on problem -solving.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0056-chunk-021", "start": 3668.78, "end": 3669.4, "text": "The", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "d646bbe9a0247a64f76511a4426be77502f3f4c27e1dbb18ebc9abde4988be5c", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0056", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=3607s", "time_label": "1:00:07", "tags": [ "reading-quoted-material" ] }, { "id": "seg-0057", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "start": 3669.4, "end": 3729.47, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "decision between alternative ways of practicing science is called for and the circumstances that this decision must be based less on past achievement than on future promise. The man who embraces a new paradigm at an early stage must often do so in defiance of the evidence provided by problem -solving. Okay? So this is hard for us to understand. But if you are to be a true innovator. it's not that you come up with a new solution to a problem it's that you must defy the basic premises of bureaucratic science he must that is have faith that the new paradigm will succeed without many large problems that confront it knowing only that the older paradigm has failed with few a decision of that kind can only be made on faith okay so this is why it's almost impossible to separate religion from science if a new discovery is to be made that person must believe that he", "word_count": 160, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-001", "start": 3669.4, "end": 3674.54, "text": "decision between alternative ways of practicing science is called for and the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-002", "start": 3674.54, "end": 3680.82, "text": "circumstances that this decision must be based less on past achievement than", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-003", "start": 3680.82, "end": 3681.72, "text": "on future promise.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-004", "start": 3681.92, "end": 3685.98, "text": "The man who embraces a new paradigm at an early stage must", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-005", "start": 3685.98, "end": 3689.94, "text": "often do so in defiance of the evidence provided by problem -solving.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-006", "start": 3690.1, "end": 3692.52, "text": "Okay? So this is hard for us to understand.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-007", "start": 3692.72, "end": 3694.56, "text": "But if you are to be a true innovator.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-008", "start": 3694.56, "end": 3697.8, "text": "it's not that you come up with a new solution to a", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-009", "start": 3697.8, "end": 3702.94, "text": "problem it's that you must defy the basic premises of bureaucratic science", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-010", "start": 3702.94, "end": 3707.93, "text": "he must that is have faith that the new paradigm will succeed", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-011", "start": 3707.93, "end": 3712.75, "text": "without many large problems that confront it knowing only that the older", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-012", "start": 3712.75, "end": 3717.51, "text": "paradigm has failed with few a decision of that kind can only", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-013", "start": 3717.51, "end": 3722.25, "text": "be made on faith okay so this is why it's almost impossible", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-014", "start": 3722.25, "end": 3726.29, "text": "to separate religion from science if a new discovery is to be", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0057-chunk-015", "start": 3726.29, "end": 3729.47, "text": "made that person must believe that he", "word_count": 7 } ], "text_sha256": "2bc0a3734084bfefae8932e0fbc157ceabafa2ad1f63ddea6e81cc7292cfe202", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0057", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=3669s", "time_label": "1:01:09", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0058", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "start": 3729.47, "end": 3791.84, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "is sent by God to tell us the truth okay that's Galileo Galileo if you actually met the person you would think this guy's a complete asshole all right he's arrogant he's obnoxious all he does is make fun of me okay but he's driven by a divine mission to spread the truth and because he created this conflict with the church it became an international controversy and that followed by a conflict with the church it became a national controversy and that followed by a conflict with the church it became an international controversy and that tension of scientists and and they tried to resolve this issue okay so science scientific innovation genius it's not a tea party all right it's a revolution okay so I'm going to summarize what we've discussed okay because these um this was a lot okay but I want to summarize what we did so that you have a basic framework to understand what I'm talking about.", "word_count": 163, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-001", "start": 3729.47, "end": 3732.97, "text": "is sent by God to tell us the truth okay that's Galileo", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-002", "start": 3732.97, "end": 3735.59, "text": "Galileo if you actually met the person you would think this guy's", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-003", "start": 3735.59, "end": 3739.91, "text": "a complete asshole all right he's arrogant he's obnoxious all he does", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-004", "start": 3739.91, "end": 3742.59, "text": "is make fun of me okay but he's driven by a divine", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-005", "start": 3742.59, "end": 3747.87, "text": "mission to spread the truth and because he created this conflict with", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-006", "start": 3747.87, "end": 3752.83, "text": "the church it became an international controversy and that followed by a", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-007", "start": 3752.83, "end": 3753.11, "text": "conflict with the church it became a national controversy and that followed", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-008", "start": 3753.11, "end": 3753.65, "text": "by a conflict with the church it became an international controversy and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-009", "start": 3753.65, "end": 3756.97, "text": "that tension of scientists and and they tried to resolve this issue", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-010", "start": 3756.97, "end": 3766.28, "text": "okay so science scientific innovation genius it's not a tea party all", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-011", "start": 3766.28, "end": 3774.53, "text": "right it's a revolution okay so I'm going to summarize what we've", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-012", "start": 3774.53, "end": 3780.79, "text": "discussed okay because these um this was a lot okay but I", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-013", "start": 3780.79, "end": 3787.34, "text": "want to summarize what we did so that you have a basic", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-014", "start": 3787.34, "end": 3790.5, "text": "framework to understand what", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0058-chunk-015", "start": 3790.5, "end": 3791.84, "text": "I'm talking about.", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "56470ffa26235416fb922709e6dadf330123c1df1c62c12597e86aa29c0c804f", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0058", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=3729s", "time_label": "1:02:09", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0059", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "start": 3791.9, "end": 3865.07, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "Because there will be other classes on these topics. We'll be discussing quantum mechanics at a future date. So I want to make sure that we understand the argument. Okay, so our argument is this. For most of history, science was part of religion. Science was about validating this religion. But this creates a problem we call confirmation bias. Confirmation bias. Meaning that we will only look at evidence that supports our claims. And we do this every single day. We all want to be right. We all want to feel good. We all want to be confirmed and validated by the world around us. Okay? So there's a very famous experiment called the Dunning -Kreuzig. You've heard of this, right? Okay, Dunning -Kreuzig. The Dunning -Kreuzig experiment. So Dunning -Kreuzig were two American psychologists. And they were teaching an undergraduate class of 400 students. And they made these students do two things. The first thing is they made every student take an IQ test.", "word_count": 165, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-001", "start": 3791.9, "end": 3794.96, "text": "Because there will be other classes on these topics.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-002", "start": 3795.78, "end": 3798.8, "text": "We'll be discussing quantum mechanics at a future date.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-003", "start": 3799.68, "end": 3804.62, "text": "So I want to make sure that we understand the argument.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-004", "start": 3804.82, "end": 3806.34, "text": "Okay, so our argument is this.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-005", "start": 3806.74, "end": 3811.55, "text": "For most of history, science was part of religion.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-006", "start": 3813.06, "end": 3817.4, "text": "Science was about validating this religion.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-007", "start": 3818.22, "end": 3822.16, "text": "But this creates a problem we call confirmation bias.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-008", "start": 3827.6, "end": 3828.38, "text": "Confirmation bias.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-009", "start": 3829.17, "end": 3834.79, "text": "Meaning that we will only look at evidence that supports our claims.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-010", "start": 3835.01, "end": 3836.55, "text": "And we do this every single day.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-011", "start": 3836.75, "end": 3837.71, "text": "We all want to be right.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-012", "start": 3837.77, "end": 3838.51, "text": "We all want to feel good.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-013", "start": 3838.75, "end": 3842.03, "text": "We all want to be confirmed and validated by the world around", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-014", "start": 3842.03, "end": 3843.35, "text": "us. Okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-015", "start": 3843.69, "end": 3848.12, "text": "So there's a very famous experiment called the Dunning -Kreuzig.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-016", "start": 3849.04, "end": 3849.88, "text": "You've heard of this, right?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-017", "start": 3850.08, "end": 3851.02, "text": "Okay, Dunning -Kreuzig.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-018", "start": 3851.4, "end": 3852.54, "text": "The Dunning -Kreuzig experiment.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-019", "start": 3853.61, "end": 3856.77, "text": "So Dunning -Kreuzig were two American psychologists.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-020", "start": 3857.17, "end": 3860.37, "text": "And they were teaching an undergraduate class of 400 students.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-021", "start": 3860.53, "end": 3862.15, "text": "And they made these students do two things.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-022", "start": 3862.33, "end": 3863.11, "text": "The first thing is", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0059-chunk-023", "start": 3863.11, "end": 3865.07, "text": "they made every student take an IQ test.", "word_count": 8 } ], "text_sha256": "b1c08ef5809a3e580842f902ae06867ff1cbbd7da8f5bbb81880dc48d5d307c7", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0059", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=3791s", "time_label": "1:03:11", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0060", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "start": 3865.53, "end": 3920.75, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "Okay? And the second thing is they asked students how they think they did on that IQ test. Were you in the top 5 %? Were you in the bottom 5 %? Were you average? Okay? And it turned out that once they looked at all the results, not one student predicted his or her class ranking. Those who did really well, the top 5%, it was pretty easy for them, so they assumed it was easy for everyone. Okay? So they underestimated their performance by about 10%. Those who did the worst didn't really know what was asked of them. Okay? So they overestimated their performance. In fact, those who got it most wrong were the worst students. So maybe they were the bottom 10%. But they thought they were average. Okay? And what this tells us is this. Doubt, self -doubt, it's really the mark of genius. Okay?", "word_count": 150, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-001", "start": 3865.53, "end": 3868.87, "text": "Okay? And the second thing is they asked students how they think", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-002", "start": 3868.87, "end": 3870.53, "text": "they did on that IQ test.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-003", "start": 3870.69, "end": 3871.79, "text": "Were you in the top 5 %?", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-004", "start": 3872.05, "end": 3873.43, "text": "Were you in the bottom 5 %?", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-005", "start": 3873.57, "end": 3874.21, "text": "Were you average?", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-006", "start": 3874.47, "end": 3878.11, "text": "Okay? And it turned out that once they looked at all the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-007", "start": 3878.11, "end": 3884.41, "text": "results, not one student predicted his or her class ranking.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-008", "start": 3885.09, "end": 3886.25, "text": "Those who did really well,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-009", "start": 3886.31, "end": 3888.35, "text": "the top 5%, it was pretty easy for them,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-010", "start": 3888.45, "end": 3890.15, "text": "so they assumed it was easy for everyone.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-011", "start": 3890.31, "end": 3893.41, "text": "Okay? So they underestimated their performance by about 10%.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-012", "start": 3894.61, "end": 3901.63, "text": "Those who did the worst didn't really know what was asked of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-013", "start": 3901.63, "end": 3901.93, "text": "them. Okay?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-014", "start": 3902.01, "end": 3903.27, "text": "So they overestimated their performance.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-015", "start": 3903.45, "end": 3906.81, "text": "In fact, those who got it most wrong were the worst students.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-016", "start": 3907.09, "end": 3908.95, "text": "So maybe they were the bottom 10%.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-017", "start": 3908.97, "end": 3910.39, "text": "But they thought they were average.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-018", "start": 3910.65, "end": 3913.25, "text": "Okay? And what this tells us is this.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-019", "start": 3915.45, "end": 3920.25, "text": "Doubt, self -doubt, it's really the mark of genius.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0060-chunk-020", "start": 3920.55, "end": 3920.75, "text": "Okay?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "73f284e5a65ff537ab2b55e3569406cdb7e5bd5bf874b6e626b564d58abadfa9", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0060", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=3865s", "time_label": "1:04:25", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0061", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "start": 3920.75, "end": 4002.693, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "If you're able to doubt yourself, if you're able to question yourself, if you're able to self -reflect, that's a sign of an excellent student. Okay? In fact, the best sign of an excellent student. So the question then is, how do you bring doubt into science? What you do is you separate. You separate science from religion, and you create a bureaucracy around science in order to instill doubt in the scientific process. Okay? That's the solution proposed by Francis Bacon. And again, it is the most successful solution in human history. All right? So the scientific process is hypothesis, experiment, data analysis, replication. Okay? Does that make sense? You have a hypothesis. You then test it out. If it works according to data, you then have to replicate the experiment to make sure that you are correct. Now, the beauty of this model is that you can actually make it into a bureaucracy. Right? So each department does its own thing.", "word_count": 163, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-001", "start": 3920.75, "end": 3924.11, "text": "If you're able to doubt yourself, if you're able to question yourself,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-002", "start": 3924.35, "end": 3925.71, "text": "if you're able to self -reflect,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-003", "start": 3925.87, "end": 3927.85, "text": "that's a sign of an excellent student.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-004", "start": 3928.07, "end": 3930.13, "text": "Okay? In fact, the best sign of an excellent student.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-005", "start": 3930.61, "end": 3932.03, "text": "So the question then is,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-006", "start": 3932.23, "end": 3940.95, "text": "how do you bring doubt into science?", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-007", "start": 3941.23, "end": 3942.55, "text": "What you do is you separate.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-008", "start": 3942.75, "end": 3944.47, "text": "You separate science from religion,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-009", "start": 3944.51, "end": 3951.31, "text": "and you create a bureaucracy around science in order to instill doubt", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-010", "start": 3951.31, "end": 3952.37, "text": "in the scientific process.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-011", "start": 3952.63, "end": 3956.93, "text": "Okay? That's the solution proposed by Francis Bacon.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-012", "start": 3957.13, "end": 3960.43, "text": "And again, it is the most successful solution in human history.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-013", "start": 3960.75, "end": 3961.17, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-014", "start": 3961.23, "end": 3965.1, "text": "So the scientific process is hypothesis,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-015", "start": 3965.99, "end": 3978.35, "text": "experiment, data analysis, replication.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-016", "start": 3982.51, "end": 3983.87, "text": "Okay? Does that make sense?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-017", "start": 3984.01, "end": 3984.63, "text": "You have a hypothesis.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-018", "start": 3985.09, "end": 3986.75, "text": "You then test it out.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-019", "start": 3986.83, "end": 3988.53, "text": "If it works according to data,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-020", "start": 3988.73, "end": 3991.09, "text": "you then have to replicate the experiment to make sure that you", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-021", "start": 3991.09, "end": 3992.11, "text": "are correct.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-022", "start": 3992.57, "end": 3998.16, "text": "Now, the beauty of this model is that you can actually make", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-023", "start": 3998.16, "end": 3999.66, "text": "it into a bureaucracy.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-024", "start": 3999.88, "end": 4002.1, "text": "Right? So each department does its own", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0061-chunk-025", "start": 4002.1, "end": 4002.693, "text": "thing.", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "a4b497e08533489e347b4591f030969d5ec46bfd4be0f3a9afd8cfbf6d631e93", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0061", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=3920s", "time_label": "1:05:20", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0062", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "start": 4002.693, "end": 4074.16, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "And so what happens is that each department is inspecting and auditing the work of the previous department to make sure the results are, are accurate and correct. Okay? Does that make sense? And it turns out if you do it this way, well, it's revolutionary. And it explains the world that we live in today. It explains why scientific progress has been so fast and so remarkable these past 300, 400 years. But embedded in the system are lots and lots of other issues. Okay? Which, which I will discuss. The first is the idea of political control. Okay? It takes a lot of resources to run the system. And as a result, you can allow politicians to come in and interfere with the science. Okay? That's the first problem. Second problem is that over time, each department will over -specialize. Okay? You have over -specialization, which means that these departments are now unable to communicate with each other because the underlying assumptions, the science of each department will be different.", "word_count": 172, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-001", "start": 4002.693, "end": 4009.22, "text": "And so what happens is that each department is inspecting and", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-002", "start": 4009.22, "end": 4012, "text": "auditing the work of the previous department to make sure the results", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-003", "start": 4012, "end": 4014.86, "text": "are, are accurate and correct.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-004", "start": 4015.89, "end": 4016.77, "text": "Okay? Does that make sense?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-005", "start": 4017.03, "end": 4018.33, "text": "And it turns out if you do it this way,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-006", "start": 4018.49, "end": 4020.42, "text": "well, it's revolutionary.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-007", "start": 4020.8, "end": 4022.86, "text": "And it explains the world that we live in today.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-008", "start": 4023.02, "end": 4028.7, "text": "It explains why scientific progress has been so fast and so remarkable", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-009", "start": 4028.7, "end": 4030.78, "text": "these past 300, 400 years.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-010", "start": 4032.24, "end": 4037.78, "text": "But embedded in the system are lots and lots of other issues.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-011", "start": 4037.94, "end": 4042.02, "text": "Okay? Which, which I will discuss.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-012", "start": 4042.18, "end": 4043.32, "text": "The first is the idea of political control.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-013", "start": 4043.87, "end": 4047.21, "text": "Okay? It takes a lot of resources to run the system.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-014", "start": 4047.41, "end": 4050.83, "text": "And as a result, you can allow politicians to come in and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-015", "start": 4050.83, "end": 4051.93, "text": "interfere with the science.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-016", "start": 4052.09, "end": 4053.25, "text": "Okay? That's the first problem.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-017", "start": 4053.51, "end": 4056.89, "text": "Second problem is that over time,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-018", "start": 4057.17, "end": 4059.43, "text": "each department will over -specialize.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-019", "start": 4060.82, "end": 4062.46, "text": "Okay? You have over -specialization,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-020", "start": 4062.74, "end": 4067, "text": "which means that these departments are now unable to communicate with each", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-021", "start": 4067, "end": 4068.8, "text": "other because the underlying assumptions,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0062-chunk-022", "start": 4069.38, "end": 4074.16, "text": "the science of each department will be different.", "word_count": 8 } ], "text_sha256": "f2943b0a1342ca1c76b1154c545a78670664493ee7197b7d677795bf7a91c64c", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0062", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=4002s", "time_label": "1:06:42", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0063", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "start": 4074.28, "end": 4154.51, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "Okay? So if you run experiments, well, you use, you use a lot of instruments, okay? All of these instruments are so complicated that normal scientists don't really understand what you're doing. Okay? So that's the second problem, over -specialization. The third problem is the idea of accountability. Okay? How do you know if each department is doing a good job? Or not? Right? You, you can't because now they're over -specialized. The word we use is they are now, um, aloof. Okay? So there are many problems with this system. Another problem is insularity. Meaning that you have to spend like 20 years in school before you could even be, even enter the system. Okay? Insularity creates gatekeeping. Which means that only if you. You play by the rules. Only if you vet it, you enter the system. Okay? And as a result, you no longer have any creativity.", "word_count": 150, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-001", "start": 4074.28, "end": 4075.82, "text": "Okay? So if you run experiments,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-002", "start": 4075.88, "end": 4077.94, "text": "well, you use, you use a lot of instruments,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-003", "start": 4078.36, "end": 4084.46, "text": "okay? All of these instruments are so complicated that normal scientists don't", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-004", "start": 4084.46, "end": 4086.06, "text": "really understand what you're doing.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-005", "start": 4086.56, "end": 4088.36, "text": "Okay? So that's the second problem,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-006", "start": 4088.54, "end": 4089.4, "text": "over -specialization.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-007", "start": 4091.58, "end": 4097.76, "text": "The third problem is the idea of accountability.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-008", "start": 4100.77, "end": 4108.63, "text": "Okay? How do you know if each department is doing a good", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-009", "start": 4108.63, "end": 4109.25, "text": "job? Or not?", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-010", "start": 4110.35, "end": 4113.35, "text": "Right? You, you can't because now they're over -specialized.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-011", "start": 4114.09, "end": 4116.19, "text": "The word we use is they are now,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-012", "start": 4116.37, "end": 4117.99, "text": "um, aloof.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-013", "start": 4120.34, "end": 4124.9, "text": "Okay? So there are many problems with this system.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-014", "start": 4125, "end": 4127, "text": "Another problem is insularity.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-015", "start": 4129.46, "end": 4134.5, "text": "Meaning that you have to spend like 20 years in school before", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-016", "start": 4134.5, "end": 4136.96, "text": "you could even be, even enter the system.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-017", "start": 4137.34, "end": 4139.66, "text": "Okay? Insularity creates gatekeeping.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-018", "start": 4140.27, "end": 4143.31, "text": "Which means that only if you.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-019", "start": 4143.31, "end": 4144.79, "text": "You play by the rules.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-020", "start": 4145.09, "end": 4146.65, "text": "Only if you vet it,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-021", "start": 4146.69, "end": 4147.81, "text": "you enter the system.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-022", "start": 4149.45, "end": 4152.23, "text": "Okay? And as a result,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-023", "start": 4152.45, "end": 4153.81, "text": "you no longer", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0063-chunk-024", "start": 4153.81, "end": 4154.51, "text": "have any creativity.", "word_count": 3 } ], "text_sha256": "15534cbc4d0522f9c6bcee7811948849a6aa8eaa43076c2c74f0749b32d387db", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0063", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=4074s", "time_label": "1:07:54", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0064", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064", "start": 4157.16, "end": 4227.99, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "So this is the great irony of science. Science was initiated, inspired by the genius of Galileo, Newton, and Einstein. But today, science has developed to a point where it no longer is welcome. Galileo, Newton, or Einstein. Okay? Why? Because Galileo is an asshole. He doesn't get along with other people. They won't let him in. Newton is crazy. Right? He's alchemist. He believes that the Bible will reveal the end of the world. He's crazy. They won't let him in. Einstein is really bad at mathematics. He doesn't. He would fail all these mathematical tests in order to get into the system. He would probably, he probably would not get into graduate school today. Right? So. So this is the world we live in. So don't worry about artificial intelligence. Don't worry about billionaires living forever. Don't worry about nanotechnology. Worry about the fact that we've come to a point in our civilization where we are now incapable of innovation.", "word_count": 162, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-001", "start": 4157.16, "end": 4160.18, "text": "So this is the great irony of science.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-002", "start": 4162.28, "end": 4168.74, "text": "Science was initiated, inspired by the genius of Galileo,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-003", "start": 4168.8, "end": 4170.38, "text": "Newton, and Einstein.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-004", "start": 4172.2, "end": 4176.7, "text": "But today, science has developed to a point where it no longer", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-005", "start": 4176.7, "end": 4177.92, "text": "is welcome.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-006", "start": 4179.2, "end": 4180.84, "text": "Galileo, Newton, or Einstein.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-007", "start": 4181.14, "end": 4182.1, "text": "Okay? Why?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-008", "start": 4182.28, "end": 4183.5, "text": "Because Galileo is an asshole.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-009", "start": 4183.8, "end": 4185.16, "text": "He doesn't get along with other people.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-010", "start": 4185.32, "end": 4186.14, "text": "They won't let him in.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-011", "start": 4187.04, "end": 4188.78, "text": "Newton is crazy.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-012", "start": 4189.14, "end": 4190.26, "text": "Right? He's alchemist.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-013", "start": 4190.44, "end": 4193.78, "text": "He believes that the Bible will reveal the end of the world.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-014", "start": 4194, "end": 4194.78, "text": "He's crazy.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-015", "start": 4194.9, "end": 4195.5, "text": "They won't let him in.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-016", "start": 4195.84, "end": 4197.58, "text": "Einstein is really bad at mathematics.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-017", "start": 4197.92, "end": 4198.26, "text": "He doesn't.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-018", "start": 4198.28, "end": 4201.72, "text": "He would fail all these mathematical tests in order to get into", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-019", "start": 4201.72, "end": 4202.16, "text": "the system.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-020", "start": 4202.24, "end": 4204.68, "text": "He would probably, he probably would not get into graduate school today.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-021", "start": 4205.5, "end": 4206.8, "text": "Right? So.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-022", "start": 4206.8, "end": 4208.4, "text": "So this is the world we live in.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-023", "start": 4208.84, "end": 4213.93, "text": "So don't worry about artificial intelligence.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-024", "start": 4214.17, "end": 4217.35, "text": "Don't worry about billionaires living forever.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-025", "start": 4217.65, "end": 4219.97, "text": "Don't worry about nanotechnology.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-026", "start": 4220.19, "end": 4223.01, "text": "Worry about the fact that we've come to a point in our", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-027", "start": 4223.01, "end": 4224.69, "text": "civilization where we", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0064-chunk-028", "start": 4224.69, "end": 4227.99, "text": "are now incapable of innovation.", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "cc30dec388e89845a51d00ab1e45d1729310245fae224ca0f2f1e50853f0660b", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0064", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=4157s", "time_label": "1:09:17", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0065", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "start": 4231.1, "end": 4235.74, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "So that's it. Any questions?", "word_count": 5, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0065-chunk-001", "start": 4231.1, "end": 4234.05, "text": "So that's it.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0065-chunk-002", "start": 4234.8, "end": 4235.74, "text": "Any questions?", "word_count": 2 } ], "text_sha256": "e88881dd216bdb563d942122c14a9d2186674beb6bce473902f26f33ac5f4e0e", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0065", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=4231s", "time_label": "1:10:31", "tags": [ "exchange" ] }, { "id": "seg-0066", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "start": 4241.52, "end": 4259.01, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "OK. Modern science is great.", "word_count": 5, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0066-chunk-001", "start": 4241.52, "end": 4259.01, "text": "OK. Modern science is great.", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "a77bae01f8454130ffdd7b2b8b790cfda2e319fe249d923da1581a1335b64d27", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0066", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=4241s", "time_label": "1:10:41", "tags": [ "exchange" ] }, { "id": "seg-0067", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "start": 4269.29, "end": 4288.18, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "OK. Well, thank you. Great. Any questions? OK, that's fine. OK. So OK, great.", "word_count": 14, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-001", "start": 4269.29, "end": 4270.41, "text": "OK. Well, thank you.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-002", "start": 4271.49, "end": 4274.38, "text": "Great. Any questions?", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-003", "start": 4284.18, "end": 4285.28, "text": "OK, that's fine.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0067-chunk-004", "start": 4285.42, "end": 4288.18, "text": "OK. So OK, great.", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "5134389eff7ab35369068737f4b51958b734b961d0cbb10e46ce554e795dc60d", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0067", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=4269s", "time_label": "1:11:09", "tags": [ "exchange" ] }, { "id": "seg-0068", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "start": 4289.52, "end": 4290.72, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "I didn't know about that.", "word_count": 5, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0068-chunk-001", "start": 4289.52, "end": 4290.72, "text": "I didn't know about that.", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "4e808e2817c09ec6e5660a07bac0c5a391c9a6e7c461e96ada9d67bc48b55a4b", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0068", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=4289s", "time_label": "1:11:29", "tags": [ "exchange" ] }, { "id": "seg-0069", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0069", "start": 4298.59, "end": 4370.996, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "OK. OK. So Newton. OK. So why do we know that Newton predicted the end of the world? OK. The reason why is this. So Newton didn't. He didn't have any family. He didn't have a wife. He didn't have any children. So his entire estate was left to his nephews and his nieces. And Newton also left him a lot of money. These are aristocrats. Newton is actually the first commoner, the first non -royal in English history to receive a state funeral. He's the first commoner to be buried at Westminster Abbey. OK. So it was a very big deal back then. And his relatives, obviously, were aristocrats. But the thing about aristocrats is that over time, they become poor. And what do you do when you become poor? Well, you sell off what is valuable. And so Newton's papers, all his notes were auctioned off in like, I think, the 1930s. I don't remember, OK, 1930s. And you would imagine that everyone would want these notes, right?", "word_count": 170, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-001", "start": 4298.59, "end": 4300.51, "text": "OK. OK.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-002", "start": 4301.86, "end": 4302.78, "text": "So Newton.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-003", "start": 4303.46, "end": 4311.12, "text": "OK. So why do we know that Newton predicted the end of", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-004", "start": 4311.12, "end": 4311.42, "text": "the world?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-005", "start": 4311.58, "end": 4312.9, "text": "OK. The reason why is this.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-006", "start": 4313.44, "end": 4314.64, "text": "So Newton didn't.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-007", "start": 4314.64, "end": 4315.28, "text": "He didn't have any family.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-008", "start": 4315.4, "end": 4316.28, "text": "He didn't have a wife.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-009", "start": 4316.44, "end": 4317.84, "text": "He didn't have any children.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-010", "start": 4318.6, "end": 4323.04, "text": "So his entire estate was left to his nephews and his nieces.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-011", "start": 4323.48, "end": 4326.92, "text": "And Newton also left him a lot of money.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-012", "start": 4327.26, "end": 4328.96, "text": "These are aristocrats.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-013", "start": 4329.34, "end": 4331.76, "text": "Newton is actually the first commoner,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-014", "start": 4331.8, "end": 4335.54, "text": "the first non -royal in English history to receive a state funeral.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-015", "start": 4335.86, "end": 4339.58, "text": "He's the first commoner to be buried at Westminster Abbey.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-016", "start": 4339.7, "end": 4344.42, "text": "OK. So it was a very big deal back then.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-017", "start": 4345.04, "end": 4348.1, "text": "And his relatives, obviously, were aristocrats.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-018", "start": 4348.18, "end": 4349.66, "text": "But the thing about aristocrats is that over time,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-019", "start": 4350, "end": 4350.86, "text": "they become poor.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-020", "start": 4351.36, "end": 4353.26, "text": "And what do you do when you become poor?", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-021", "start": 4353.48, "end": 4355.26, "text": "Well, you sell off what is valuable.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-022", "start": 4355.7, "end": 4364.11, "text": "And so Newton's papers, all his notes were auctioned off in like,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-023", "start": 4364.15, "end": 4365.05, "text": "I think, the 1930s.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-024", "start": 4365.05, "end": 4366.61, "text": "I don't remember, OK, 1930s.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-025", "start": 4367.75, "end": 4368.19, "text": "And", "word_count": 1 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-026", "start": 4368.19, "end": 4370.61, "text": "you would imagine that everyone would want these notes,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0069-chunk-027", "start": 4370.69, "end": 4370.996, "text": "right?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "51c601cbc44cb95d04de81c4cb9656696bea5d70fc83550ac2dd630a2d850e2e", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0069", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=4298s", "time_label": "1:11:38", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0070", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "start": 4370.996, "end": 4429.28, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "Because they reveal genius to you. But for whatever reason, they didn't really sell very well. OK. And the sale was so bad, the auction was so bad, that it was sold piecemeal, OK? And one person who bought the notes was John Keynes, the economist, John Keynes, the economist. And he was so excited to read the papers of Newton. He was like, oh my god, there must be so much mathematics in these papers that will lead to new discoveries, right? So he actually read the papers. He was absolutely aghast at what he discovered. It was alchemy, it was theology. And so what Newton was trying to do was he was trying to read the Bible and look for a secret code. I mean, he was crazy, OK? Look for a secret code within the Bible that would tell him the future. And he was actually convinced of something called the Second Coming.", "word_count": 156, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-001", "start": 4370.996, "end": 4372.83, "text": "Because they reveal genius to you.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-002", "start": 4372.93, "end": 4375.45, "text": "But for whatever reason, they didn't really sell very well.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-003", "start": 4375.49, "end": 4379.11, "text": "OK. And the sale was so bad,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-004", "start": 4379.17, "end": 4380.21, "text": "the auction was so bad,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-005", "start": 4380.27, "end": 4383.03, "text": "that it was sold piecemeal,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-006", "start": 4383.13, "end": 4389.43, "text": "OK? And one person who bought the notes was John Keynes,", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-007", "start": 4389.57, "end": 4391.85, "text": "the economist, John Keynes, the economist.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-008", "start": 4392.09, "end": 4396.77, "text": "And he was so excited to read the papers of Newton.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-009", "start": 4397.07, "end": 4398.17, "text": "He was like, oh my god,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-010", "start": 4398.29, "end": 4401.95, "text": "there must be so much mathematics in these papers that will lead", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-011", "start": 4401.95, "end": 4402.97, "text": "to new discoveries, right?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-012", "start": 4403.21, "end": 4405.01, "text": "So he actually read the papers.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-013", "start": 4405.01, "end": 4408.99, "text": "He was absolutely aghast at what he discovered.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-014", "start": 4409.11, "end": 4410.09, "text": "It was alchemy, it was theology.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-015", "start": 4410.95, "end": 4416.35, "text": "And so what Newton was trying to do was he was trying", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-016", "start": 4416.35, "end": 4419.54, "text": "to read the Bible and look for a secret code.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-017", "start": 4419.98, "end": 4421.3, "text": "I mean, he was crazy,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-018", "start": 4421.46, "end": 4424.14, "text": "OK? Look for a secret code within the Bible that would tell", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-019", "start": 4424.14, "end": 4425.4, "text": "him the future.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-020", "start": 4425.74, "end": 4427.06, "text": "And he was actually convinced", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0070-chunk-021", "start": 4427.06, "end": 4429.28, "text": "of something called the Second Coming.", "word_count": 6 } ], "text_sha256": "f72faba2d712a143013e58a6a8aa75395f07037d91574b950b2a6ea44d43ab0f", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0070", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=4370s", "time_label": "1:12:50", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0071", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "start": 4431.96, "end": 4497.35, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "He was convinced that Jesus will return. I mean, these are all Christians at this point, right? He was actually convinced that Jesus will return. And so he wanted to know when he would return and how he would return, OK? So I think he made the prediction 2060. But I can't be sure. But he made a prediction when the world would end. What's more important for us is that he became what we know, what we call a Christian Zionist, OK? The idea of a Christian Zionist, and this is really important, is that once you predict the future and you know when Jesus is returning, you want to know how he returns. And Newton became actually convinced that for Jesus to return, certain conditions had to be met in order to facilitate his return. One major condition was the return of the Jews to Jerusalem. Because at this point, Jerusalem was being controlled by the Ottomans.", "word_count": 159, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-001", "start": 4431.96, "end": 4433.96, "text": "He was convinced that Jesus will return.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-002", "start": 4434.14, "end": 4435.7, "text": "I mean, these are all Christians at this point,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-003", "start": 4435.76, "end": 4440.72, "text": "right? He was actually convinced that Jesus will return.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-004", "start": 4443.13, "end": 4447.55, "text": "And so he wanted to know when he would return and how", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-005", "start": 4447.55, "end": 4449.13, "text": "he would return, OK?", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-006", "start": 4449.41, "end": 4452.93, "text": "So I think he made the prediction 2060.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-007", "start": 4453.23, "end": 4454.77, "text": "But I can't be sure.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-008", "start": 4454.87, "end": 4456.61, "text": "But he made a prediction when the world would end.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-009", "start": 4456.81, "end": 4460.85, "text": "What's more important for us is that he became what we know,", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-010", "start": 4460.93, "end": 4463.45, "text": "what we call a Christian Zionist,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-011", "start": 4463.49, "end": 4468.4, "text": "OK? The idea of a Christian Zionist,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-012", "start": 4468.42, "end": 4469.2, "text": "and this is really important,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-013", "start": 4469.2, "end": 4474.83, "text": "is that once you predict the future and you know when Jesus", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-014", "start": 4474.83, "end": 4477.13, "text": "is returning, you want to know how he returns.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-015", "start": 4477.47, "end": 4481.43, "text": "And Newton became actually convinced that for Jesus to return,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-016", "start": 4481.67, "end": 4485.25, "text": "certain conditions had to be met in order to facilitate his return.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-017", "start": 4485.67, "end": 4491.57, "text": "One major condition was the return of the Jews to Jerusalem.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-018", "start": 4491.89, "end": 4495.33, "text": "Because at this point, Jerusalem was", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0071-chunk-019", "start": 4495.33, "end": 4497.35, "text": "being controlled by the Ottomans.", "word_count": 5 } ], "text_sha256": "9f187fa216ba8ac5aff74aec045d170bd21ec742a99f8d9d752ec657f5b32c20", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0071", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=4431s", "time_label": "1:13:51", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0072", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "start": 4497.57, "end": 4554.98, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "OK? He was actually convinced that we had to get all the world's Jews and return them to Jerusalem, OK? Only problem was Jews didn't want to go back, OK? And so I think Newton, and this is completely unknown about him, OK? He's actually one of the founders of a movement called Christian Zionism, is let's figure out how to get all the Jews to go back to Jerusalem, and this will start a process which will culminate with the return of Jesus, OK? So that's Newton. And so what this tells us, OK, and this is also something that is really important, is he was part of a secret society with John Locke and some other really important individuals. And a secret society, I mean, like, they were considered, they considered themselves the true church, right? So Newton, in his notes, he was very clear. He thought the Holy Trinity was nonsense. There's only one God, OK?", "word_count": 159, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-001", "start": 4497.57, "end": 4500.03, "text": "OK? He was actually convinced that we had to get all the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-002", "start": 4500.03, "end": 4502.09, "text": "world's Jews and return them to Jerusalem,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-003", "start": 4502.37, "end": 4505.99, "text": "OK? Only problem was Jews didn't want to go back,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-004", "start": 4506.03, "end": 4509.85, "text": "OK? And so I think Newton,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-005", "start": 4510.03, "end": 4511.53, "text": "and this is completely unknown about him,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-006", "start": 4511.61, "end": 4514.57, "text": "OK? He's actually one of the founders of a movement called Christian", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-007", "start": 4514.57, "end": 4517.87, "text": "Zionism, is let's figure out how to get all the Jews to", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-008", "start": 4517.87, "end": 4522.03, "text": "go back to Jerusalem, and this will start a process which will", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-009", "start": 4522.03, "end": 4524.51, "text": "culminate with the return of Jesus,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-010", "start": 4524.81, "end": 4530.39, "text": "OK? So that's Newton.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-011", "start": 4530.75, "end": 4531.99, "text": "And so what this tells us,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-012", "start": 4532.11, "end": 4535.01, "text": "OK, and this is also something that is really important,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-013", "start": 4535.11, "end": 4538.9, "text": "is he was part of a secret society with John Locke and", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-014", "start": 4538.9, "end": 4540.6, "text": "some other really important individuals.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-015", "start": 4540.96, "end": 4543.24, "text": "And a secret society, I mean,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-016", "start": 4543.24, "end": 4547.2, "text": "like, they were considered, they considered themselves the true church,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-017", "start": 4547.36, "end": 4549.94, "text": "right? So Newton, in his notes,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-018", "start": 4549.96, "end": 4550.52, "text": "he was very clear.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-019", "start": 4550.62, "end": 4552.84, "text": "He thought the Holy Trinity was nonsense.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-020", "start": 4553.28, "end": 4553.46, "text": "There's", "word_count": 1 }, { "id": "seg-0072-chunk-021", "start": 4553.46, "end": 4554.98, "text": "only one God, OK?", "word_count": 4 } ], "text_sha256": "e9152536cdb3786874f9af2e0df3b9fc64908c705d14e3a7de953623bd685238", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0072", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=4497s", "time_label": "1:14:57", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0073", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "start": 4555, "end": 4613.54, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "And he was the representative. He was the representative of God on Earth. He was here on a divine mission. So he was part of the secret society to try to achieve Christian Zionism and to discover when the Second Coming will happen. So he makes his prediction 2060. So whether or not Newton is correct, that's not the issue. The issue is that with his power, with his influence, he was heavily promoting Christian Zionism in England. And as we know, what will happen is these people will go to America. OK? A lot of these people who are Christian Zionists, they will go to America believing that America is the new Jerusalem. And then what will happen later on is these Zionists, Christian Zionists, will link up and they will plot to bring the Jews back to Jerusalem. And this leads to something called the Balfour Declaration, right? Which is to say that after", "word_count": 156, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-001", "start": 4555, "end": 4555.88, "text": "And he was the representative.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-002", "start": 4555.9, "end": 4557.22, "text": "He was the representative of God on Earth.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-003", "start": 4557.4, "end": 4559.14, "text": "He was here on a divine mission.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-004", "start": 4559.36, "end": 4562.16, "text": "So he was part of the secret society to try to achieve", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-005", "start": 4562.16, "end": 4566.98, "text": "Christian Zionism and to discover when the Second Coming will happen.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-006", "start": 4567.2, "end": 4569.32, "text": "So he makes his prediction 2060.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-007", "start": 4569.58, "end": 4572.66, "text": "So whether or not Newton is correct,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-008", "start": 4572.78, "end": 4573.38, "text": "that's not the issue.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-009", "start": 4573.5, "end": 4576.2, "text": "The issue is that with his power,", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-010", "start": 4576.3, "end": 4581.28, "text": "with his influence, he was heavily promoting Christian Zionism in England.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-011", "start": 4581.46, "end": 4584.62, "text": "And as we know, what will happen is these people will go", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-012", "start": 4584.62, "end": 4585.66, "text": "to America.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-013", "start": 4586.34, "end": 4589.46, "text": "OK? A lot of these people who are Christian Zionists,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-014", "start": 4589.48, "end": 4593.35, "text": "they will go to America believing that America is the new Jerusalem.", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-015", "start": 4593.91, "end": 4598.23, "text": "And then what will happen later on is these Zionists,", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-016", "start": 4598.25, "end": 4605.18, "text": "Christian Zionists, will link up and they will plot to bring the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-017", "start": 4605.18, "end": 4608.2, "text": "Jews back to Jerusalem.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-018", "start": 4608.44, "end": 4610.74, "text": "And this leads to something called the Balfour Declaration,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0073-chunk-019", "start": 4611.1, "end": 4613.54, "text": "right? Which is to say that after", "word_count": 7 } ], "text_sha256": "176c52dbe8af63601801c7762fcc64005f76238379d0f525c64926ce3d7ee1d2", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0073", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=4555s", "time_label": "1:15:55", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0074", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074", "start": 4613.54, "end": 4639.3, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "World War I, when the Ottoman Empire was defeated, the British Empire now gives permission to all the Jews in the world to return to Jerusalem whether or not they want to. OK? So this is why history is so important. Because you cannot possibly understand what's happening in the Middle East today without first understanding all this history. All right? So does that make sense? OK. All right. Great.", "word_count": 70, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0074-chunk-001", "start": 4613.54, "end": 4616.2, "text": "World War I, when the Ottoman Empire was defeated,", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0074-chunk-002", "start": 4617.84, "end": 4621.54, "text": "the British Empire now gives permission to all the Jews in the", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0074-chunk-003", "start": 4621.54, "end": 4624.82, "text": "world to return to Jerusalem whether or not they want to.", "word_count": 11 }, { "id": "seg-0074-chunk-004", "start": 4625.6, "end": 4627.9, "text": "OK? So this is why history is so important.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0074-chunk-005", "start": 4628.02, "end": 4631.04, "text": "Because you cannot possibly understand what's happening in the Middle East today", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0074-chunk-006", "start": 4631.04, "end": 4633.58, "text": "without first understanding all this history.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0074-chunk-007", "start": 4634.34, "end": 4634.8, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0074-chunk-008", "start": 4635.42, "end": 4636.48, "text": "So does that make sense?", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0074-chunk-009", "start": 4637.09, "end": 4638.19, "text": "OK. All right.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0074-chunk-010", "start": 4638.9, "end": 4639.3, "text": "Great.", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "749e69924ddbbe6b0885f657c3fce04335b7536f528da6ed83fa815de4b1233b", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0074", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=4613s", "time_label": "1:16:53", "tags": [ "monologue" ] }, { "id": "seg-0075", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075", "start": 4639.54, "end": 4642.58, "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "text": "I'm sorry. He was right. 2060.", "word_count": 6, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0075-chunk-001", "start": 4639.54, "end": 4641.32, "text": "I'm sorry.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0075-chunk-002", "start": 4641.46, "end": 4641.84, "text": "He was right.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0075-chunk-003", "start": 4642.18, "end": 4642.58, "text": "2060.", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "2a886fabeb0f89d480f657caeec0f7c1c83ae1b532999084251999b9893abbda", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0075", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=4639s", "time_label": "1:17:19", "tags": [ "exchange" ] }, { "id": "seg-0076", "source_ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "start": 4644.33, "end": 4703.53, "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "text": "Well, again, OK. I'm just kidding. So 2060, again, that's not the issue. The issue is that there are very powerful people in this world who believe in this and who believe that it is the divine mission to make this come true, to use their power, to use their influence, to use their money to make this prediction come true. It's not really a prophecy, OK? It's really a plan. This is what it is. It's a plan. It's like how do we bring back Jesus? Because when Jesus returns, the world ends and everyone's happy. OK? That's heaven comes on earth. But how do we make it happen? Well, here's the plan. Christian Zionism. All right? So that's my real concern. Whether or not the world ends in 2060, I don't know. OK? But the fact that there are really powerful people of the stature of Isaac Newton with like almost unlimited resources and unlimited power, they actually believe in this and they want to make this come true.", "word_count": 171, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-001", "start": 4644.33, "end": 4645.63, "text": "Well, again, OK.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-002", "start": 4646.17, "end": 4646.85, "text": "I'm just kidding.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-003", "start": 4647.35, "end": 4650.05, "text": "So 2060, again, that's not the issue.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-004", "start": 4650.13, "end": 4653.29, "text": "The issue is that there are very powerful people in this world", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-005", "start": 4653.29, "end": 4657.95, "text": "who believe in this and who believe that it is the divine", "word_count": 12 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-006", "start": 4657.95, "end": 4659.83, "text": "mission to make this come true,", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-007", "start": 4659.95, "end": 4661.79, "text": "to use their power, to use their influence,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-008", "start": 4661.85, "end": 4664.67, "text": "to use their money to make this prediction come true.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-009", "start": 4665.59, "end": 4667.07, "text": "It's not really a prophecy,", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-010", "start": 4667.31, "end": 4670.56, "text": "OK? It's really a plan.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-011", "start": 4671.86, "end": 4672.72, "text": "This is what it is.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-012", "start": 4672.76, "end": 4673.14, "text": "It's a plan.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-013", "start": 4673.66, "end": 4675.72, "text": "It's like how do we bring back Jesus?", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-014", "start": 4675.86, "end": 4678.86, "text": "Because when Jesus returns, the world ends and everyone's happy.", "word_count": 10 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-015", "start": 4678.86, "end": 4680.94, "text": "OK? That's heaven comes on earth.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-016", "start": 4681.04, "end": 4682.12, "text": "But how do we make it happen?", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-017", "start": 4682.44, "end": 4683.36, "text": "Well, here's the plan.", "word_count": 4 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-018", "start": 4683.68, "end": 4684.64, "text": "Christian Zionism.", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-019", "start": 4685.89, "end": 4686.37, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-020", "start": 4686.59, "end": 4688.83, "text": "So that's my real concern.", "word_count": 5 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-021", "start": 4689.21, "end": 4690.57, "text": "Whether or not the world ends in 2060,", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-022", "start": 4690.69, "end": 4691.11, "text": "I don't know.", "word_count": 3 }, { "id": "seg-0076-chunk-023", "start": 4691.19, "end": 4694.45, "text": "OK? 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All right? OK? So I apologize for that. I apologize for going on this tangent. But so we don't have class on Thursday. But next Tuesday, we'll start the Age of Exploration. OK?", "word_count": 39, "timed_chunks": [ { "id": "seg-0077-chunk-001", "start": 4703.75, "end": 4705.61, "text": "That should be the major concern.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0077-chunk-002", "start": 4706.4, "end": 4706.86, "text": "All right?", "word_count": 2 }, { "id": "seg-0077-chunk-003", "start": 4710.22, "end": 4712.68, "text": "OK? So I apologize for that.", "word_count": 6 }, { "id": "seg-0077-chunk-004", "start": 4712.68, "end": 4715.28, "text": "I apologize for going on this tangent.", "word_count": 7 }, { "id": "seg-0077-chunk-005", "start": 4715.76, "end": 4719.46, "text": "But so we don't have class on Thursday.", "word_count": 8 }, { "id": "seg-0077-chunk-006", "start": 4719.72, "end": 4721.98, "text": "But next Tuesday, we'll start the Age of Exploration.", "word_count": 9 }, { "id": "seg-0077-chunk-007", "start": 4722.08, "end": 4722.2, "text": "OK?", "word_count": 1 } ], "text_sha256": "34b33110cdd90855d0ffdd33da32fb6b3f2139e456c5928d07716e4c29ed29d3", "episode_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/", "transcript_url": "/episodes/predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia/transcript/#seg-0077", "video_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjtUnKcU1IA&t=4703s", "time_label": "1:18:23", "tags": [ "exchange" ] } ], "interactions": [ { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0002", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0003", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0004" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang connects Dante, the Renaissance, Protestant direct access to God, and the Scientific Revolution into one chain: modernity begins when human imagination becomes a theological power for knowing divine law.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang classroom lecture.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "segment_id": "seg-0001", "start": 0, "end": 74.5, "time_label": "0:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay, good morning. So today we do the Second Revolution, okay? And as I mentioned in previous classes, it was really Dante who helped give birth to the idea of modernity. And he really launched three major movements, w..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0002", "segment_id": "seg-0002", "start": 74.64, "end": 146.795, "time_label": "1:14", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "We should be able to speak with God directly through the Bible. The Second Revolution, it's really about how can we know God, okay? That's the idea. That's the idea of the Second Revolution. So let's review why we have..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0003", "segment_id": "seg-0003", "start": 146.795, "end": 209.12, "time_label": "2:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "What is created by God are the laws that underlie the universe, God created the atoms, God created the laws that allow these atoms to interact with each other, okay? So the rays and motion of the holy light draw forth t..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0004", "segment_id": "seg-0004", "start": 209.12, "end": 268.4, "time_label": "3:29", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "There's no boundaries to you. But if you're human, you're forced to have an imagination because you'll make mistakes. You will fail. There are things that you do not know. And the imagination gives you the capacity to k..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0005", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0007", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0008" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "He introduces ancient science through sacred geometry, contrasting Egyptian-Platonic solids with Chinese and Hindu vibration, breath, chi, meditation, and a universe created by divine mathematical breathing.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang; brief 'Any questions?' prompts are rhetorical with no captured student question.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0005", "segment_id": "seg-0005", "start": 268.4, "end": 334.95, "time_label": "4:28", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "That's very fundamental to the idea of science. And last idea is we can master these laws to better our reality, okay? So these are the three hidden messages of divine comedy that will influence the development of scien..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "segment_id": "seg-0006", "start": 334.95, "end": 406.51, "time_label": "5:34", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And from these geometric shapes you can give rise to every possible reality, alright? So this is called the Egg of Life and from the egg of life you just keep on expanding it you will get all reality, okay? These are ac..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0007", "segment_id": "seg-0007", "start": 406.75, "end": 483.64, "time_label": "6:46", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "But there's another way you can understand sacred geometry, and it's as vibrations, as energy, as a force, okay? And this is the way that the Chinese understand sacred geometry, right? As chi, as life force, as well as..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0008", "segment_id": "seg-0008", "start": 483.76, "end": 549.7, "time_label": "8:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He does it by breathing. Breathing in, emitting sacred geometry, and then breathing out, breathing back in, okay? Inhaling, exhaling, and this will give rise to the universe. So if you're a monk or a priest, you practic..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0012" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang completes the ancient-science triad with astrology and alchemy, then contrasts premodern science's spiritual harmony, intuition, trance, and divine inspiration with modern science's material manipulation, method, and doubt.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang classroom lecture; 'Any questions' prompts have no captured response.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "segment_id": "seg-0009", "start": 549.7, "end": 616.34, "time_label": "9:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "you're trying to link the movement of the stars, the cosmos, with events in the world, okay? So by understanding the movement of stars, you're able to divine, or predict the future of humanity. Okay? So every major king..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "segment_id": "seg-0010", "start": 616.56, "end": 684.86, "time_label": "10:16", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So basically, it turned lead into gold. And again, this was an extremely popular practice in the primitive societies, okay? So these are three major sciences in the primitive societies. China, Egypt, and India. And they..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "segment_id": "seg-0011", "start": 686.78, "end": 758.96, "time_label": "11:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Today, we are only focused on the material world, the world that we can see and know, in order to create progress, okay? We've abandoned the spiritual world, and we focus on this material world in order to manipulate it..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0012", "segment_id": "seg-0012", "start": 759.2, "end": 831.09, "time_label": "12:39", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "It's basically a psychedelic, okay? Today, we don't rely on intuition and imagination. We think this is superstitious. We rely mainly on something called the scientific method, okay? And later on, I will... We'll discus..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0014", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0016" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "He argues that the Scientific Revolution required monotheistic assumptions: one rational God, designed universal order, human capacity to discover that order, and religious institutions competing to use science for authority.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "segment_id": "seg-0013", "start": 831.59, "end": 905.6, "time_label": "13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Without these theological assumptions, the Sino -Revolution would not be possible, okay? So the first and most important idea is the idea of monotheism. There is one God, okay? And again, the very idea of monotheism is..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0014", "segment_id": "seg-0014", "start": 905.8, "end": 969.19, "time_label": "15:05", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "What is the difference between a polytheistic worldview of science and a monotheistic worldview of science, okay? So I need you to memorize this chart, okay? The first major difference is a polytheistic system, there's..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "segment_id": "seg-0015", "start": 970.95, "end": 1045.7, "time_label": "16:10", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "There's a deep sense that God is in our lives orchestrating events. The last major difference is that between fate and progress, okay? If there's truth in this world, if there's goodness in this world, then we have a re..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "segment_id": "seg-0016", "start": 1045.7, "end": 1103.793, "time_label": "17:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the Protestants are heavily devoted to science because they want to... Okay? They want to understand the will and mind of God. The Catholics themselves are also promoting science. The Catholics will create a new soci..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang finishes the forces driving science, then defines the Scientific Revolution as the move from truth claims to methods of knowing, producing hypothesis, experiment, peer criticism, and publication.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "segment_id": "seg-0017", "start": 1103.793, "end": 1176.65, "time_label": "18:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "The Ottoman Empire, which is, at this point, the strongest empire in the world. All right? And the last idea that's driving science is the age of exploration and conquest. As Europe is trying to expand outwards, if they..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "segment_id": "seg-0018", "start": 1176.65, "end": 1246.34, "time_label": "19:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because religion purports to be the truth, right? And what science is saying is like, how do you know if you're right? Well, we know if you're right because we have methods to test you, okay? So science is putting itsel..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "segment_id": "seg-0019", "start": 1246.81, "end": 1311.54, "time_label": "20:46", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Now last thing is it creates a system of doubt and criticism in order to test all experimental results. And today we call them academic societies and peer -reviewed journals, okay? So if you're a scientist working today..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0022", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0023", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0024" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "He turns to cosmology: productivity explodes after 1700, then the geocentric-heliocentric debate moves through Ptolemy's refined theology-compatible model, Copernicus's Catholic-supported but underdeveloped alternative, and Tycho's data that Kepler uses.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "segment_id": "seg-0020", "start": 1312.75, "end": 1385.54, "time_label": "21:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And this has meant that we are now able to feed more and more people. So before 1700, you really couldn't get above a few hundred million people. Okay. And now we are at nine, we are projected to reach nine billion peop..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "segment_id": "seg-0021", "start": 1386.08, "end": 1462.91, "time_label": "23:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "In about 150, a Greek scientist named Ptolemy, working in Egypt, he developed the first comprehensive cosmological system. And this cosmological system, which he wrote in a book called The Almagest, he made certain argu..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0022", "segment_id": "seg-0022", "start": 1463.05, "end": 1544.15, "time_label": "24:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And as you can see, you can't read this, but there's a lot of mathematical detail in the book. And because Ptolemy's perspective aligned with theology. The Bible. It was accepted, it was accepted true for over a thousan..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0023", "segment_id": "seg-0023", "start": 1544.15, "end": 1601.42, "time_label": "25:44", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "the saying back then is, it is the job of the church, the Catholic church, to tell you how to go to heaven, not how the heavens go. Okay? So the Catholic church didn't really care one way. They didn't care about the hel..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0024", "segment_id": "seg-0024", "start": 1602.06, "end": 1676.02, "time_label": "26:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the heliocentric model, it is much more refined, much more accepted at this point than the heliocentric model. This man, his name is Tycho Braque, and he is a Danish polymath as well. He comes from a very noble famil..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0026", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0027" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang follows Kepler and Galileo: Kepler uses data to support elliptical heliocentrism, while Galileo's telescopic observations undermine Earth-centered assumptions and make him famous.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "segment_id": "seg-0025", "start": 1676.94, "end": 1736.43, "time_label": "27:56", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "But because he is not a member of the Catholic Church, he's a Lutheran, okay, the Catholic Church couldn't really do anything about him. Right? And what's remarkable about Kepler is that just from this data, he was able..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0026", "segment_id": "seg-0026", "start": 1737.5, "end": 1803.7, "time_label": "28:57", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And then what else he did that was revolutionary is that he discovered that there was a correlation between this orbit and the matter. And that's why he's saying that the Earth is the last of the planet, okay? And this..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0027", "segment_id": "seg-0027", "start": 1803.76, "end": 1866.78, "time_label": "30:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "But it's not that great. But with this telescope... This new invention, Galileo did amazing things. First thing he did was he discovered that Jupiter had moons. And this was revolutionary because it was assumed that eve..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0028", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0030", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0032" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "He narrates Galileo's trial as a mixture of limited evidence, arrogance, scriptural-interpretive overreach, satire against Pope Urban VIII, house arrest, and later Protestant propaganda.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0028", "segment_id": "seg-0028", "start": 1866.78, "end": 1929.32, "time_label": "31:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "model, he was coming into conflict with a lot of academics that were extremely well established who made their living off the heliocentric model, okay? So they're having these arguments, and Galileo's arguments were ver..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "segment_id": "seg-0029", "start": 1929.46, "end": 1990.08, "time_label": "32:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "That's what the Bible says. Also, if you look at Genesis, it's clear that God created the Earth first, and then he created the heavens, the sun and the moon and the stars. So logically, everything should revolve around..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0030", "segment_id": "seg-0030", "start": 1990.28, "end": 2051.7, "time_label": "33:10", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "he was a very famous author, he was extremely intelligent, he thought that God loved him, okay? So as you can imagine, it was a complete disaster. It was a disastrous meeting, the Inquisition told him to shut up, okay?..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "segment_id": "seg-0031", "start": 2052.08, "end": 2109.803, "time_label": "34:12", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Where he presented his argument again for the heliocentric model. Not only that, but he made fun of his enemies. So it's a dialogue, and the chief enemy of Galileo, his name was Simplicitus, okay? Simplicitus, moron. No..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0032", "segment_id": "seg-0032", "start": 2109.803, "end": 2184.02, "time_label": "35:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So what he said is, listen, this book, it's a satire. It's a thought experiment. I know that the heliocentric model is wrong. And so I wrote this book as an intellectual exercise to see how wrong it could be, and to see..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0036" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang moves from Galileo's mythic afterlife to Newton: calculus and the Principia make heliocentrism mathematically persuasive, but Newton himself is framed as theologian and alchemist, not a secular scientist.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "segment_id": "seg-0033", "start": 2184.3, "end": 2256.79, "time_label": "36:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the Protestants will use this trial as propaganda against the church. And the Protestants will say, you see how anti -science the church is. And Galileo will be... Will be remembered now as the father of modern scien..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "segment_id": "seg-0034", "start": 2256.81, "end": 2314.73, "time_label": "37:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Newton, as you know, he's the person who created calculus. The calculus you're learning in school, guess what? He was responsible for the creation of calculus. Now, what's really interesting for us to know about Newton..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035", "segment_id": "seg-0035", "start": 2315.66, "end": 2372.04, "time_label": "38:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "People understood faith. They understood faith as a very important cornerstone of science. Without faith, how could you have the energy and the inspiration to understand the mind of God, okay? Newton is also famous for..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "segment_id": "seg-0036", "start": 2372.44, "end": 2453.72, "time_label": "39:32", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "At this time, Latin is the universal language of scientists, right? And also, guys, at this time, they're not called scientists. They're called natural philosophers, all right? Science is considered a part of philosophy..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0037", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0039", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0040" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "He explains Newton's unresolved causation problem and Einstein's answer: mass-energy relation, space-time curvature, prediction, black holes, and relativity emerging from solitary thought rather than laboratory bureaucracy.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0037", "segment_id": "seg-0037", "start": 2453.72, "end": 2512.43, "time_label": "40:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Now the problem, though, he had a huge problem. The problem is he had the correlation, he had the mathematical correlation, but he didn't know why the correlation existed. He couldn't solve the causation problem, okay?..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "segment_id": "seg-0038", "start": 2513.03, "end": 2568.34, "time_label": "41:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And this is a revolution. We didn't... We didn't understand this before, right? We just thought... We just assumed that solids and vibrations are different. And what Einstein is saying is that in order for a solid to ex..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0039", "segment_id": "seg-0039", "start": 2569.25, "end": 2629.12, "time_label": "42:49", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He believed that in the heavens, there was a space -time curvature. And so what was happening was this. A mass, a huge object, it would go into the space -time curvature and warp it. And because it warped it, it drew th..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0040", "segment_id": "seg-0040", "start": 2629.12, "end": 2696.15, "time_label": "43:49", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "achievement okay and so the mathematics is very complicated okay but all you need you need to understand is that he figured out that there's mathematical relationship between the mass of the object and the space -time c..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0043" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang extends relativity into Big Bang cosmology, then stresses that anomalous galaxies and irregular expansion expose a weak model patched by 'dark energy,' which he defines as not knowing what the cause is.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "segment_id": "seg-0041", "start": 2696.15, "end": 2752.62, "time_label": "44:56", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "relativity but um the theory of relativity also predicts the Big Bang because um space -time the idea of space -time is that space is in motion right that's why you have time because it's in motion well if it's in motio..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "segment_id": "seg-0042", "start": 2752.62, "end": 2812.2, "time_label": "45:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "is this massive energy explosion and so the galaxies will develop later but our data tells us the galaxies came before much much earlier than we expect okay that's the first thing second problem that we have with the Bi..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "segment_id": "seg-0043", "start": 2812.2, "end": 2874.4, "time_label": "46:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "dark energy means we don't know what it is okay doesn't mean it exists and we can't see it it just means we have no idea what it is we can explain why the Big Bang is expanding really fast at certain points and really s..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0046", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "He credits Francis Bacon with imagining scientific bureaucracy, traces it to the Royal Society, then argues modern debates about AI, nanotechnology, genetics, and immortality distract from the real danger: science as an imperial bureaucracy without accountability.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "segment_id": "seg-0044", "start": 2874.4, "end": 2930.38, "time_label": "47:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "have the most advanced science in the world and what and the reason why the most advanced science in the world is because they turn science into a bureaucracy a very specialized bureaucracy okay so I'm not going to read..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "segment_id": "seg-0045", "start": 2930.42, "end": 2994, "time_label": "48:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "These we call interpreters of nature. So these are theoreticians. They're the ones who take this experimental data and combine it into a theory. And so Bacon is proposing a scientific bureaucracy. And guess what, guys?..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0046", "segment_id": "seg-0046", "start": 2994, "end": 3062.02, "time_label": "49:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Society include Christopher Wren, who was a very famous architect, as well as Robert Dole, who was a very famous chemist. Okay. Basic background into the history of the Second Revolution. Today we are asking ourselves a..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "segment_id": "seg-0047", "start": 3062.16, "end": 3133.405, "time_label": "51:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Also, we're trying to develop immortality. Okay. We're looking for the elixir of immortality. So these are three massive ethical debates within science. And my argument to you today is that this is the wrong question to..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "segment_id": "seg-0048", "start": 3133.405, "end": 3198.42, "time_label": "52:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Just ask me. All right, so the real problem is this. Okay, the real problem is this. Science has become an imperial bureaucracy. That's the real issue, all right? If you think about the world we live in today, the field..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang argues that genius comes from intuition, imagination, inspiration, and faith rather than method, using Descartes, Muhammad, Einstein, Watson, Galileo, and Bohr to show true breakthroughs first look irrational.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang, with a quoted passage from Jerry Narby's The Cosmic Serpent embedded in the explanation.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "segment_id": "seg-0049", "start": 3198.42, "end": 3266.591, "time_label": "53:18", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "All right, so let me explain. Okay, so I know this is a hard idea, but genius does not come from hard work. It does not come from, say, some sort of process or some sort of method. It comes from intuition, imagination,..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "segment_id": "seg-0050", "start": 3266.591, "end": 3326.414, "time_label": "54:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "This is no different from Mohammed, who was meditating in a cave, and the angel Gabriel appeared before him. It's religious. Albert Einstein daydreams in a tree, a tram, approaching another, and conceives the theory of..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "segment_id": "seg-0051", "start": 3326.414, "end": 3381.11, "time_label": "55:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So if you go and look back in the 1930s and 40s, and you look at their arguments, what you will find is that Einstein was very clear, was very logical, was very clear, was very logical, was very logical, was very logica..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0052", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0053", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0056" ], "kind": "reading-quoted-material", "summary": "He reads and interprets Thomas Kuhn: normal science refines paradigms like jigsaw puzzles, while creative alternatives can be rejected precisely because they do not obey the accepted puzzle rules.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang reading and paraphrasing Thomas Kuhn; transcript quality is weaker in seg-0053.", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0052", "segment_id": "seg-0052", "start": 3381.11, "end": 3440.44, "time_label": "56:21", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "of sonic revolutions okay this is a book that I highly recommend if you ever said this history of science this is a book the first book that you will read because he goes into how science develops over the centuries the..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0053", "segment_id": "seg-0053", "start": 3440.44, "end": 3483.66, "time_label": "57:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "is not however to be either completely successful with a single problem or no success successful with any large number okay so Tommy's solution only solved a few problems it was not the complete solution the success of..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "segment_id": "seg-0054", "start": 3483.66, "end": 3548.65, "time_label": "58:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "from that what does scripture take out a the knowledge of those facts that the paradigm displays as particularly revealing by increasing the extent of the match between those facts and the paradigm's predictions and by..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "segment_id": "seg-0055", "start": 3548.97, "end": 3607.37, "time_label": "59:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "To solve a jigsaw puzzle is not, for example, merely to make a picture. Either a child or a contemporary artist could do that by scattering selected pieces as abstract shapes upon some neutral ground. So this is really..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "segment_id": "seg-0056", "start": 3607.37, "end": 3669.4, "time_label": "1:00:07", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "with a new picture to the jigsaw puzzle, you might be creative, you might be interesting, you might be imaginative, but you're wrong. Okay? Scientists cannot accept your solution. To achieve that, all the pieces must be..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0058" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang completes the Kuhn argument: choosing a new paradigm requires faith in future promise despite current evidence, so true innovators must defy the premises of bureaucratic science.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang interpreting Kuhn.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "segment_id": "seg-0057", "start": 3669.4, "end": 3729.47, "time_label": "1:01:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "decision between alternative ways of practicing science is called for and the circumstances that this decision must be based less on past achievement than on future promise. The man who embraces a new paradigm at an ear..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3729.47, "end": 3791.84, "time_label": "1:02:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "is sent by God to tell us the truth okay that's Galileo Galileo if you actually met the person you would think this guy's a complete asshole all right he's arrogant he's obnoxious all he does is make fun of me okay but..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "He summarizes the lecture: Bacon's bureaucracy installs doubt to overcome confirmation bias and achieves enormous progress, but political control, overspecialization, accountability failure, insularity, and gatekeeping now make science incapable of welcoming Galileo, Newton, or Einstein.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "segment_id": "seg-0059", "start": 3791.9, "end": 3865.07, "time_label": "1:03:11", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because there will be other classes on these topics. We'll be discussing quantum mechanics at a future date. So I want to make sure that we understand the argument. Okay, so our argument is this. For most of history, sc..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "segment_id": "seg-0060", "start": 3865.53, "end": 3920.75, "time_label": "1:04:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay? And the second thing is they asked students how they think they did on that IQ test. Were you in the top 5 %? Were you in the bottom 5 %? Were you average? Okay? And it turned out that once they looked at all the..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "segment_id": "seg-0061", "start": 3920.75, "end": 4002.693, "time_label": "1:05:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "If you're able to doubt yourself, if you're able to question yourself, if you're able to self -reflect, that's a sign of an excellent student. Okay? In fact, the best sign of an excellent student. So the question then i..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "segment_id": "seg-0062", "start": 4002.693, "end": 4074.16, "time_label": "1:06:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And so what happens is that each department is inspecting and auditing the work of the previous department to make sure the results are, are accurate and correct. Okay? Does that make sense? And it turns out if you do i..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "segment_id": "seg-0063", "start": 4074.28, "end": 4154.51, "time_label": "1:07:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay? So if you run experiments, well, you use, you use a lot of instruments, okay? All of these instruments are so complicated that normal scientists don't really understand what you're doing. Okay? So that's the secon..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064", "segment_id": "seg-0064", "start": 4157.16, "end": 4227.99, "time_label": "1:09:17", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So this is the great irony of science. Science was initiated, inspired by the genius of Galileo, Newton, and Einstein. But today, science has developed to a point where it no longer is welcome. Galileo, Newton, or Einst..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0068" ], "kind": "exchange", "summary": "After Jiang asks for questions, a student remarks that modern science is great and later says they did not know about the Newton material; Jiang acknowledges and continues.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang and at least one student, based on diarization and conversational timing.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0065", "segment_id": "seg-0065", "start": 4231.1, "end": 4235.74, "time_label": "1:10:31", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So that's it. Any questions?" }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "segment_id": "seg-0066", "start": 4241.52, "end": 4259.01, "time_label": "1:10:41", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "OK. Modern science is great." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0067", "segment_id": "seg-0067", "start": 4269.29, "end": 4288.18, "time_label": "1:11:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "OK. Well, thank you. Great. Any questions? OK, that's fine. OK. So OK, great." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "segment_id": "seg-0068", "start": 4289.52, "end": 4290.72, "time_label": "1:11:29", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "I didn't know about that." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0069", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang answers the implicit Newton curiosity by explaining how Newton's papers were auctioned, bought by Keynes, revealed theology and alchemy, and showed Newton searching the Bible for the Second Coming and Christian Zionist conditions.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0069", "segment_id": "seg-0069", "start": 4298.59, "end": 4370.996, "time_label": "1:11:38", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "OK. OK. So Newton. OK. So why do we know that Newton predicted the end of the world? OK. The reason why is this. So Newton didn't. He didn't have any family. He didn't have a wife. He didn't have any children. So his en..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "segment_id": "seg-0070", "start": 4370.996, "end": 4429.28, "time_label": "1:12:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because they reveal genius to you. But for whatever reason, they didn't really sell very well. OK. And the sale was so bad, the auction was so bad, that it was sold piecemeal, OK? And one person who bought the notes was..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4431.96, "end": 4497.35, "time_label": "1:13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He was convinced that Jesus will return. I mean, these are all Christians at this point, right? He was actually convinced that Jesus will return. And so he wanted to know when he would return and how he would return, OK..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4497.57, "end": 4554.98, "time_label": "1:14:57", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "OK? He was actually convinced that we had to get all the world's Jews and return them to Jerusalem, OK? Only problem was Jews didn't want to go back, OK? And so I think Newton, and this is completely unknown about him,..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074" ], "kind": "monologue", "summary": "Jiang extends the Newton tangent into Christian Zionism's later path through England, America, the Balfour Declaration, the Ottoman defeat, and the need to understand Middle East politics through this history.", "speaker_attribution": "Jiang.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4555, "end": 4613.54, "time_label": "1:15:55", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And he was the representative. He was the representative of God on Earth. He was here on a divine mission. So he was part of the secret society to try to achieve Christian Zionism and to discover when the Second Coming..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074", "segment_id": "seg-0074", "start": 4613.54, "end": 4639.3, "time_label": "1:16:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "World War I, when the Ottoman Empire was defeated, the British Empire now gives permission to all the Jews in the world to return to Jerusalem whether or not they want to. OK? So this is why history is so important. Bec..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0077" ], "kind": "exchange", "summary": "A student corrects or confirms Newton's 2060 date; Jiang jokes, then insists the issue is not whether 2060 is correct but that powerful people can treat prophecy as a plan and try to make it happen.", "speaker_attribution": "Student in seg-0075; Jiang in seg-0076 and seg-0077.", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075", "segment_id": "seg-0075", "start": 4639.54, "end": 4642.58, "time_label": "1:17:19", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "I'm sorry. He was right. 2060." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "segment_id": "seg-0076", "start": 4644.33, "end": 4703.53, "time_label": "1:17:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Well, again, OK. I'm just kidding. So 2060, again, that's not the issue. The issue is that there are very powerful people in this world who believe in this and who believe that it is the divine mission to make this come..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0077", "segment_id": "seg-0077", "start": 4703.75, "end": 4722.2, "time_label": "1:18:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "That should be the major concern. All right? OK? So I apologize for that. I apologize for going on this tangent. But so we don't have class on Thursday. But next Tuesday, we'll start the Age of Exploration. OK?" } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "speaker_notes": [ { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049" ], "note": "Jiang introduces a passage from Jerry Narby's The Cosmic Serpent and reads/paraphrases it as support for the religious structure of scientific inspiration.", "suggested_speaker": "Jiang reading quoted source", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "segment_id": "seg-0049", "start": 3198.42, "end": 3266.591, "time_label": "53:18", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "All right, so let me explain. Okay, so I know this is a hard idea, but genius does not come from hard work. It does not come from, say, some sort of process or some sort of method. It comes from intuition, imagination,..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0052", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0056" ], "note": "These segments blend Jiang's exposition with quoted Kuhn passages from The Structure of Scientific Revolutions.", "suggested_speaker": "Jiang reading and interpreting Kuhn", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0052", "segment_id": "seg-0052", "start": 3381.11, "end": 3440.44, "time_label": "56:21", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "of sonic revolutions okay this is a book that I highly recommend if you ever said this history of science this is a book the first book that you will read because he goes into how science develops over the centuries the..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "segment_id": "seg-0056", "start": 3607.37, "end": 3669.4, "time_label": "1:00:07", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "with a new picture to the jigsaw puzzle, you might be creative, you might be interesting, you might be imaginative, but you're wrong. Okay? Scientists cannot accept your solution. To achieve that, all the pieces must be..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0068" ], "note": "These short segments are student remarks rather than Jiang; neither is a substantive question.", "suggested_speaker": "student", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "segment_id": "seg-0066", "start": 4241.52, "end": 4259.01, "time_label": "1:10:41", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "OK. Modern science is great." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "segment_id": "seg-0068", "start": 4289.52, "end": 4290.72, "time_label": "1:11:29", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "I didn't know about that." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075" ], "note": "This is a brief student correction or confirmation about Newton's 2060 date.", "suggested_speaker": "student", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075", "segment_id": "seg-0075", "start": 4639.54, "end": 4642.58, "time_label": "1:17:19", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "I'm sorry. He was right. 2060." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "claims": [ { "claim": "Jiang argues that Dante helped give birth to modernity by launching the Renaissance, Protestant Reformation, and Scientific Revolution as linked movements.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0001" ], "temporal_scope": "Lecture claim dated 2025-04-01.", "topic_tags": [ "dante", "modernity", "renaissance", "protestantism", "scientific-revolution" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "segment_id": "seg-0001", "start": 0, "end": 74.5, "time_label": "0:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay, good morning. So today we do the Second Revolution, okay? And as I mentioned in previous classes, it was really Dante who helped give birth to the idea of modernity. And he really launched three major movements, w..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "The Scientific Revolution is framed as a shift from asking what God or truth is to asking how humans can know God and divine law.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0002", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0003" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive model in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "knowledge", "god", "scientific-method", "divine-law" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0002", "segment_id": "seg-0002", "start": 74.64, "end": 146.795, "time_label": "1:14", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "We should be able to speak with God directly through the Bible. The Second Revolution, it's really about how can we know God, okay? That's the idea. That's the idea of the Second Revolution. So let's review why we have..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0003", "segment_id": "seg-0003", "start": 146.795, "end": 209.12, "time_label": "2:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "What is created by God are the laws that underlie the universe, God created the atoms, God created the laws that allow these atoms to interact with each other, okay? So the rays and motion of the holy light draw forth t..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Human beings are special because they are both divinely created and created by universal laws; that dual nature gives humans imagination, failure, and responsibility to perfect the world.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0003", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0004" ], "temporal_scope": "Dante-derived anthropology as presented on 2025-04-01.", "topic_tags": [ "human-nature", "imagination", "divine-law", "responsibility" ], "claim_type": "definition", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0003", "segment_id": "seg-0003", "start": 146.795, "end": 209.12, "time_label": "2:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "What is created by God are the laws that underlie the universe, God created the atoms, God created the laws that allow these atoms to interact with each other, okay? So the rays and motion of the holy light draw forth t..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0004", "segment_id": "seg-0004", "start": 209.12, "end": 268.4, "time_label": "3:29", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "There's no boundaries to you. But if you're human, you're forced to have an imagination because you'll make mistakes. You will fail. There are things that you do not know. And the imagination gives you the capacity to k..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang identifies three hidden messages of the Divine Comedy for science: God is within human love, imagination obligates humans to discover universal laws, and humans can master those laws to improve reality.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0004", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0005" ], "temporal_scope": "Lecture synthesis of Dante's influence.", "topic_tags": [ "divine-comedy", "love", "imagination", "science" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0004", "segment_id": "seg-0004", "start": 209.12, "end": 268.4, "time_label": "3:29", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "There's no boundaries to you. But if you're human, you're forced to have an imagination because you'll make mistakes. You will fail. There are things that you do not know. And the imagination gives you the capacity to k..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0005", "segment_id": "seg-0005", "start": 268.4, "end": 334.95, "time_label": "4:28", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "That's very fundamental to the idea of science. And last idea is we can master these laws to better our reality, okay? So these are the three hidden messages of divine comedy that will influence the development of scien..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Ancient sacred geometry is presented as an intuitive and imaginative science in which geometry, vibration, breath, and meditation allow practitioners to mimic creation and access divine energy.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0005", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0007", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0008" ], "temporal_scope": "Reconstruction of ancient science in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "sacred-geometry", "ancient-science", "meditation", "creation" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0005", "segment_id": "seg-0005", "start": 268.4, "end": 334.95, "time_label": "4:28", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "That's very fundamental to the idea of science. And last idea is we can master these laws to better our reality, okay? So these are the three hidden messages of divine comedy that will influence the development of scien..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "segment_id": "seg-0006", "start": 334.95, "end": 406.51, "time_label": "5:34", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And from these geometric shapes you can give rise to every possible reality, alright? So this is called the Egg of Life and from the egg of life you just keep on expanding it you will get all reality, okay? These are ac..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0007", "segment_id": "seg-0007", "start": 406.75, "end": 483.64, "time_label": "6:46", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "But there's another way you can understand sacred geometry, and it's as vibrations, as energy, as a force, okay? And this is the way that the Chinese understand sacred geometry, right? As chi, as life force, as well as..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0008", "segment_id": "seg-0008", "start": 483.76, "end": 549.7, "time_label": "8:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He does it by breathing. Breathing in, emitting sacred geometry, and then breathing out, breathing back in, okay? Inhaling, exhaling, and this will give rise to the universe. 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So by understanding the movement of stars, you're able to divine, or predict the future of humanity. Okay? So every major king..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "segment_id": "seg-0010", "start": 616.56, "end": 684.86, "time_label": "10:16", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So basically, it turned lead into gold. And again, this was an extremely popular practice in the primitive societies, okay? So these are three major sciences in the primitive societies. China, Egypt, and India. And they..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Premodern science aimed to harmonize the visible world with the spiritual world, while modern science abandons the spiritual world to manipulate the material world for technological progress.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0011" ], "temporal_scope": "Comparative model in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "premodern-science", "modern-science", "spiritual-world", "materialism" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "segment_id": "seg-0010", "start": 616.56, "end": 684.86, "time_label": "10:16", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So basically, it turned lead into gold. And again, this was an extremely popular practice in the primitive societies, okay? So these are three major sciences in the primitive societies. China, Egypt, and India. And they..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "segment_id": "seg-0011", "start": 686.78, "end": 758.96, "time_label": "11:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Today, we are only focused on the material world, the world that we can see and know, in order to create progress, okay? We've abandoned the spiritual world, and we focus on this material world in order to manipulate it..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Modern science changes the governing question from 'what is truth?' to 'how do we know truth?', making doubt rather than divine inspiration the central priority.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0012" ], "temporal_scope": "Core lecture model.", "topic_tags": [ "doubt", "truth", "scientific-method", "epistemology" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0012", "segment_id": "seg-0012", "start": 759.2, "end": 831.09, "time_label": "12:39", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "It's basically a psychedelic, okay? Today, we don't rely on intuition and imagination. We think this is superstitious. We rely mainly on something called the scientific method, okay? And later on, I will... 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And again, the very idea of monotheism is..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Both Protestant and Catholic institutions promoted science because each wanted to understand the mind of God and strengthen its authority against rivals.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0016" ], "temporal_scope": "Lecture explanation of Reformation-era science.", "topic_tags": [ "protestant-reformation", "counter-reformation", "jesuits", "authority" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "segment_id": "seg-0015", "start": 970.95, "end": 1045.7, "time_label": "16:10", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "There's a deep sense that God is in our lives orchestrating events. The last major difference is that between fate and progress, okay? If there's truth in this world, if there's goodness in this world, then we have a re..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "segment_id": "seg-0016", "start": 1045.7, "end": 1103.793, "time_label": "17:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the Protestants are heavily devoted to science because they want to... Okay? They want to understand the will and mind of God. The Catholics themselves are also promoting science. The Catholics will create a new soci..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "War with the Ottoman Empire and the age of exploration pushed European science because conquest required navigation tools, compasses, and astrolabes.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0017" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical-causal claim in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "war", "ottoman-empire", "exploration", "navigation" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "segment_id": "seg-0017", "start": 1103.793, "end": 1176.65, "time_label": "18:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "The Ottoman Empire, which is, at this point, the strongest empire in the world. All right? And the last idea that's driving science is the age of exploration and conquest. 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As Europe is trying to expand outwards, if they..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "segment_id": "seg-0018", "start": 1176.65, "end": 1246.34, "time_label": "19:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because religion purports to be the truth, right? And what science is saying is like, how do you know if you're right? Well, we know if you're right because we have methods to test you, okay? So science is putting itsel..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "The scientific method consists of questions and hypotheses, protocols for testing hypotheses, experimentation, and a system of doubt and criticism through peer review.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019" ], "temporal_scope": "Definition used in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "scientific-method", "peer-review", "hypothesis", "experiment" ], "claim_type": "definition", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "segment_id": "seg-0018", "start": 1176.65, "end": 1246.34, "time_label": "19:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because religion purports to be the truth, right? And what science is saying is like, how do you know if you're right? Well, we know if you're right because we have methods to test you, okay? So science is putting itsel..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "segment_id": "seg-0019", "start": 1246.81, "end": 1311.54, "time_label": "20:46", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Now last thing is it creates a system of doubt and criticism in order to test all experimental results. And today we call them academic societies and peer -reviewed journals, okay? So if you're a scientist working today..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang credits this method with an explosion of productivity, population capacity, wealth, technology, and progress beginning around 1700, while questioning whether the population outcome is good.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0020" ], "temporal_scope": "Long-run historical diagnosis in the 2025-04-01 lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "productivity", "population", "progress", "technology" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "segment_id": "seg-0019", "start": 1246.81, "end": 1311.54, "time_label": "20:46", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Now last thing is it creates a system of doubt and criticism in order to test all experimental results. And today we call them academic societies and peer -reviewed journals, okay? So if you're a scientist working today..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "segment_id": "seg-0020", "start": 1312.75, "end": 1385.54, "time_label": "21:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And this has meant that we are now able to feed more and more people. So before 1700, you really couldn't get above a few hundred million people. Okay. And now we are at nine, we are projected to reach nine billion peop..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Ptolemy's geocentric model endured because it was mathematically detailed, refined by centuries of work, and aligned with theology, whereas Copernicus's Catholic-supported heliocentric model initially lacked comparable mathematical refinement.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0022", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0023" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical reconstruction in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "ptolemy", "copernicus", "geocentric-model", "heliocentric-model" ], "claim_type": "evidence", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "segment_id": "seg-0021", "start": 1386.08, "end": 1462.91, "time_label": "23:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "In about 150, a Greek scientist named Ptolemy, working in Egypt, he developed the first comprehensive cosmological system. And this cosmological system, which he wrote in a book called The Almagest, he made certain argu..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0022", "segment_id": "seg-0022", "start": 1463.05, "end": 1544.15, "time_label": "24:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And as you can see, you can't read this, but there's a lot of mathematical detail in the book. And because Ptolemy's perspective aligned with theology. The Bible. It was accepted, it was accepted true for over a thousan..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0023", "segment_id": "seg-0023", "start": 1544.15, "end": 1601.42, "time_label": "25:44", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "the saying back then is, it is the job of the church, the Catholic church, to tell you how to go to heaven, not how the heavens go. Okay? So the Catholic church didn't really care one way. They didn't care about the hel..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Kepler's data-supported claims that planets move around the Sun and in elliptical orbits challenged theological assumptions that heavenly motion must be perfect and circular.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0025" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical reconstruction in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "kepler", "elliptical-orbits", "data", "theology" ], "claim_type": "evidence", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "segment_id": "seg-0025", "start": 1676.94, "end": 1736.43, "time_label": "27:56", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "But because he is not a member of the Catholic Church, he's a Lutheran, okay, the Catholic Church couldn't really do anything about him. Right? And what's remarkable about Kepler is that just from this data, he was able..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Galileo's telescope showed moons revolving around Jupiter and Venus moving in ways that challenged the assumption that everything revolves around Earth.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0026", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0027" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical evidence in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "galileo", "telescope", "jupiter", "venus", "heliocentrism" ], "claim_type": "evidence", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0026", "segment_id": "seg-0026", "start": 1737.5, "end": 1803.7, "time_label": "28:57", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And then what else he did that was revolutionary is that he discovered that there was a correlation between this orbit and the matter. And that's why he's saying that the Earth is the last of the planet, okay? And this..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0027", "segment_id": "seg-0027", "start": 1803.76, "end": 1866.78, "time_label": "30:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "But it's not that great. But with this telescope... This new invention, Galileo did amazing things. First thing he did was he discovered that Jupiter had moons. And this was revolutionary because it was assumed that eve..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang argues that Galileo's real danger was not disagreement with Church science but claiming authority to interpret Scripture above the Church.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0028", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0029" ], "temporal_scope": "Lecture interpretation of the Galileo trial.", "topic_tags": [ "galileo", "heresy", "scripture", "church-authority" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0028", "segment_id": "seg-0028", "start": 1866.78, "end": 1929.32, "time_label": "31:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "model, he was coming into conflict with a lot of academics that were extremely well established who made their living off the heliocentric model, okay? So they're having these arguments, and Galileo's arguments were ver..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "segment_id": "seg-0029", "start": 1929.46, "end": 1990.08, "time_label": "32:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "That's what the Bible says. Also, if you look at Genesis, it's clear that God created the Earth first, and then he created the heavens, the sun and the moon and the stars. So logically, everything should revolve around..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Galileo's Dialogue became explosive because he mocked his enemies and placed Pope Urban VIII's arguments in the mouth of Simplicitus, making a banned book into a sensation.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0030", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0031" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical interpretation in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "dialogue", "urban-viii", "satire", "inquisition" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0030", "segment_id": "seg-0030", "start": 1990.28, "end": 2051.7, "time_label": "33:10", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "he was a very famous author, he was extremely intelligent, he thought that God loved him, okay? So as you can imagine, it was a complete disaster. It was a disastrous meeting, the Inquisition told him to shut up, okay?..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "segment_id": "seg-0031", "start": 2052.08, "end": 2109.803, "time_label": "34:12", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Where he presented his argument again for the heliocentric model. Not only that, but he made fun of his enemies. So it's a dialogue, and the chief enemy of Galileo, his name was Simplicitus, okay? Simplicitus, moron. No..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang says Galileo's fall can be read as hubris and personality, but history remembers it as science versus Church because Protestants used the trial as anti-Catholic propaganda.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0032" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive claim dated 2025-04-01.", "topic_tags": [ "galileo", "protestant-propaganda", "hubris", "science-and-religion" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0032", "segment_id": "seg-0032", "start": 2109.803, "end": 2184.02, "time_label": "35:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So what he said is, listen, this book, it's a satire. It's a thought experiment. I know that the heliocentric model is wrong. And so I wrote this book as an intellectual exercise to see how wrong it could be, and to see..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Galileo becomes remembered as the father of modern science because Protestants turn his trial into propaganda about science above religion, even though Jiang says the math for heliocentrism was still weak at the time.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical interpretation in the 2025-04-01 lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "galileo", "protestant-propaganda", "modern-science", "heliocentrism" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "segment_id": "seg-0033", "start": 2184.3, "end": 2256.79, "time_label": "36:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the Protestants will use this trial as propaganda against the church. And the Protestants will say, you see how anti -science the church is. And Galileo will be... Will be remembered now as the father of modern scien..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Newton's calculus and Principia provided the mathematics that made the heliocentric model widely accepted, while also preserving the unity of religion and science in Newton's own life.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0036" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical sequence in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "newton", "calculus", "principia", "religion-and-science" ], "claim_type": "evidence", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "segment_id": "seg-0033", "start": 2184.3, "end": 2256.79, "time_label": "36:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the Protestants will use this trial as propaganda against the church. And the Protestants will say, you see how anti -science the church is. And Galileo will be... Will be remembered now as the father of modern scien..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "segment_id": "seg-0034", "start": 2256.81, "end": 2314.73, "time_label": "37:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Newton, as you know, he's the person who created calculus. The calculus you're learning in school, guess what? He was responsible for the creation of calculus. Now, what's really interesting for us to know about Newton..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "segment_id": "seg-0036", "start": 2372.44, "end": 2453.72, "time_label": "39:32", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "At this time, Latin is the universal language of scientists, right? And also, guys, at this time, they're not called scientists. They're called natural philosophers, all right? Science is considered a part of philosophy..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang emphasizes that Newton saw himself primarily as a theologian and alchemist seeking biblical secrets and the end of the world, not as a modern secular scientist.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035" ], "temporal_scope": "Newton interpretation in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "newton", "theology", "alchemy", "2060" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "segment_id": "seg-0034", "start": 2256.81, "end": 2314.73, "time_label": "37:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Newton, as you know, he's the person who created calculus. The calculus you're learning in school, guess what? He was responsible for the creation of calculus. Now, what's really interesting for us to know about Newton..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035", "segment_id": "seg-0035", "start": 2315.66, "end": 2372.04, "time_label": "38:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "People understood faith. They understood faith as a very important cornerstone of science. Without faith, how could you have the energy and the inspiration to understand the mind of God, okay? Newton is also famous for..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Newton unified earthly and heavenly motion mathematically but did not solve why the correlation existed; Jiang assigns the causal explanation to Einstein's space-time curvature.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0037", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0039" ], "temporal_scope": "Scientific history model in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "gravity", "newton", "einstein", "space-time" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "segment_id": "seg-0036", "start": 2372.44, "end": 2453.72, "time_label": "39:32", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "At this time, Latin is the universal language of scientists, right? And also, guys, at this time, they're not called scientists. They're called natural philosophers, all right? Science is considered a part of philosophy..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0037", "segment_id": "seg-0037", "start": 2453.72, "end": 2512.43, "time_label": "40:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Now the problem, though, he had a huge problem. The problem is he had the correlation, he had the mathematical correlation, but he didn't know why the correlation existed. He couldn't solve the causation problem, okay?..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0039", "segment_id": "seg-0039", "start": 2569.25, "end": 2629.12, "time_label": "42:49", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He believed that in the heavens, there was a space -time curvature. And so what was happening was this. A mass, a huge object, it would go into the space -time curvature and warp it. And because it warped it, it drew th..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Einstein's E=mc^2 is presented as the insight that mass and energy are correlated, opening the possibility of nuclear energy by splitting the atom.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0037", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0038" ], "temporal_scope": "Explanation within this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "einstein", "mass-energy", "nuclear-bomb", "relativity" ], "claim_type": "definition", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0037", "segment_id": "seg-0037", "start": 2453.72, "end": 2512.43, "time_label": "40:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Now the problem, though, he had a huge problem. The problem is he had the correlation, he had the mathematical correlation, but he didn't know why the correlation existed. He couldn't solve the causation problem, okay?..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "segment_id": "seg-0038", "start": 2513.03, "end": 2568.34, "time_label": "41:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And this is a revolution. We didn't... We didn't understand this before, right? We just thought... We just assumed that solids and vibrations are different. And what Einstein is saying is that in order for a solid to ex..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Einstein's relativity is praised as a successful predictive model because space-time curvature predicts phenomena such as black holes.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0039", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0040" ], "temporal_scope": "Scientific model explanation in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "relativity", "black-holes", "prediction", "space-time" ], "claim_type": "evidence", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0039", "segment_id": "seg-0039", "start": 2569.25, "end": 2629.12, "time_label": "42:49", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He believed that in the heavens, there was a space -time curvature. And so what was happening was this. A mass, a huge object, it would go into the space -time curvature and warp it. And because it warped it, it drew th..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0040", "segment_id": "seg-0040", "start": 2629.12, "end": 2696.15, "time_label": "43:49", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "achievement okay and so the mathematics is very complicated okay but all you need you need to understand is that he figured out that there's mathematical relationship between the mass of the object and the space -time c..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang says the Big Bang model faces evidence problems, including galaxies appearing earlier than expected and nonconstant universal expansion.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0042" ], "temporal_scope": "Science critique in this 2025-04-01 lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "big-bang", "hubble-telescope", "galaxies", "cosmology" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "segment_id": "seg-0041", "start": 2696.15, "end": 2752.62, "time_label": "44:56", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "relativity but um the theory of relativity also predicts the Big Bang because um space -time the idea of space -time is that space is in motion right that's why you have time because it's in motion well if it's in motio..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "segment_id": "seg-0042", "start": 2752.62, "end": 2812.2, "time_label": "45:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "is this massive energy explosion and so the galaxies will develop later but our data tells us the galaxies came before much much earlier than we expect okay that's the first thing second problem that we have with the Bi..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Dark energy is defined polemically as a name for what scientists do not know, rather than a directly understood thing.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0043" ], "temporal_scope": "Jiang's classroom definition on 2025-04-01.", "topic_tags": [ "dark-energy", "cosmology", "unknowns" ], "claim_type": "definition", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "segment_id": "seg-0042", "start": 2752.62, "end": 2812.2, "time_label": "45:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "is this massive energy explosion and so the galaxies will develop later but our data tells us the galaxies came before much much earlier than we expect okay that's the first thing second problem that we have with the Bi..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "segment_id": "seg-0043", "start": 2812.2, "end": 2874.4, "time_label": "46:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "dark energy means we don't know what it is okay doesn't mean it exists and we can't see it it just means we have no idea what it is we can explain why the Big Bang is expanding really fast at certain points and really s..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Francis Bacon's New Atlantis is presented as a vision of science as specialized bureaucracy, with offices for experiments, audits, and theory-making.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0045" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical model in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "francis-bacon", "new-atlantis", "bureaucracy", "scientific-method" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "segment_id": "seg-0043", "start": 2812.2, "end": 2874.4, "time_label": "46:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "dark energy means we don't know what it is okay doesn't mean it exists and we can't see it it just means we have no idea what it is we can explain why the Big Bang is expanding really fast at certain points and really s..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "segment_id": "seg-0044", "start": 2874.4, "end": 2930.38, "time_label": "47:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "have the most advanced science in the world and what and the reason why the most advanced science in the world is because they turn science into a bureaucracy a very specialized bureaucracy okay so I'm not going to read..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "segment_id": "seg-0045", "start": 2930.42, "end": 2994, "time_label": "48:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "These we call interpreters of nature. So these are theoreticians. They're the ones who take this experimental data and combine it into a theory. And so Bacon is proposing a scientific bureaucracy. And guess what, guys?..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "The Royal Society matters because it institutionalized peer questioning and doubt, allowing scientists to present findings before peers who improve the research process.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0045" ], "temporal_scope": "Institutional-history claim in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "royal-society", "peer-review", "doubt", "scientific-institutions" ], "claim_type": "evidence", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "segment_id": "seg-0045", "start": 2930.42, "end": 2994, "time_label": "48:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "These we call interpreters of nature. So these are theoreticians. They're the ones who take this experimental data and combine it into a theory. And so Bacon is proposing a scientific bureaucracy. And guess what, guys?..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang argues that AI, nanotechnology, genetic design, and immortality are the wrong ethical focus because the current scientific framework cannot really produce godlike control; the real issue is bureaucratic corruption and waste.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0046", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ], "temporal_scope": "Contemporary diagnosis dated 2025-04-01.", "topic_tags": [ "ai", "nanotechnology", "genetics", "scientific-bureaucracy", "corruption" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0046", "segment_id": "seg-0046", "start": 2994, "end": 3062.02, "time_label": "49:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Society include Christopher Wren, who was a very famous architect, as well as Robert Dole, who was a very famous chemist. Okay. Basic background into the history of the Second Revolution. Today we are asking ourselves a..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "segment_id": "seg-0047", "start": 3062.16, "end": 3133.405, "time_label": "51:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Also, we're trying to develop immortality. Okay. We're looking for the elixir of immortality. So these are three massive ethical debates within science. And my argument to you today is that this is the wrong question to..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "segment_id": "seg-0048", "start": 3133.405, "end": 3198.42, "time_label": "52:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Just ask me. All right, so the real problem is this. Okay, the real problem is this. Science has become an imperial bureaucracy. That's the real issue, all right? If you think about the world we live in today, the field..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Science today is compared to China's imperial bureaucracy: above nations and governments, self-promoting, under-accountable, and prone to lazy, greedy waste.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ], "temporal_scope": "Civilizational analogy in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "science", "imperial-bureaucracy", "china", "accountability" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "segment_id": "seg-0048", "start": 3133.405, "end": 3198.42, "time_label": "52:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Just ask me. All right, so the real problem is this. Okay, the real problem is this. Science has become an imperial bureaucracy. That's the real issue, all right? If you think about the world we live in today, the field..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang argues that scientific genius does not come from hard work, process, or method but from intuition, imagination, inspiration, and faith.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0050" ], "temporal_scope": "Lecture diagnosis dated 2025-04-01.", "topic_tags": [ "genius", "intuition", "imagination", "faith", "science" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "segment_id": "seg-0049", "start": 3198.42, "end": 3266.591, "time_label": "53:18", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "All right, so let me explain. Okay, so I know this is a hard idea, but genius does not come from hard work. It does not come from, say, some sort of process or some sort of method. It comes from intuition, imagination,..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "segment_id": "seg-0050", "start": 3266.591, "end": 3326.414, "time_label": "54:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "This is no different from Mohammed, who was meditating in a cave, and the angel Gabriel appeared before him. It's religious. Albert Einstein daydreams in a tree, a tram, approaching another, and conceives the theory of..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "He treats Descartes's angel dream, Muhammad's revelation, Einstein's daydreams, and Watson's double-helix insight as structurally similar moments of inspired knowledge.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0050" ], "temporal_scope": "Comparative claim in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "revelation", "descartes", "muhammad", "einstein", "watson" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "segment_id": "seg-0049", "start": 3198.42, "end": 3266.591, "time_label": "53:18", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "All right, so let me explain. Okay, so I know this is a hard idea, but genius does not come from hard work. It does not come from, say, some sort of process or some sort of method. It comes from intuition, imagination,..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "segment_id": "seg-0050", "start": 3266.591, "end": 3326.414, "time_label": "54:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "This is no different from Mohammed, who was meditating in a cave, and the angel Gabriel appeared before him. It's religious. Albert Einstein daydreams in a tree, a tram, approaching another, and conceives the theory of..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "The Einstein-Bohr example is used to argue that new science can initially look unclear, illogical, or wrong, yet triumph through conviction and faith.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051" ], "temporal_scope": "Example in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "einstein", "bohr", "quantum-mechanics", "faith" ], "claim_type": "evidence", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "segment_id": "seg-0050", "start": 3266.591, "end": 3326.414, "time_label": "54:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "This is no different from Mohammed, who was meditating in a cave, and the angel Gabriel appeared before him. It's religious. Albert Einstein daydreams in a tree, a tram, approaching another, and conceives the theory of..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "segment_id": "seg-0051", "start": 3326.414, "end": 3381.11, "time_label": "55:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So if you go and look back in the 1930s and 40s, and you look at their arguments, what you will find is that Einstein was very clear, was very logical, was very clear, was very logical, was very logical, was very logica..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang presents Kuhn's central argument as science developing through revolutions and paradigm shifts rather than slow, piecemeal methodical progress.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0052" ], "temporal_scope": "Kuhn interpretation in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "thomas-kuhn", "paradigm-shift", "scientific-revolution" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "segment_id": "seg-0051", "start": 3326.414, "end": 3381.11, "time_label": "55:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So if you go and look back in the 1930s and 40s, and you look at their arguments, what you will find is that Einstein was very clear, was very logical, was very clear, was very logical, was very logical, was very logica..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0052", "segment_id": "seg-0052", "start": 3381.11, "end": 3440.44, "time_label": "56:21", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "of sonic revolutions okay this is a book that I highly recommend if you ever said this history of science this is a book the first book that you will read because he goes into how science develops over the centuries the..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Normal science is described as refinement rather than discovery: it fine-tunes an existing model into a usable jigsaw puzzle instead of reimagining the picture.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0056" ], "temporal_scope": "Jiang's Kuhn-derived model in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "normal-science", "refinement", "jigsaw-puzzle", "paradigm" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "segment_id": "seg-0054", "start": 3483.66, "end": 3548.65, "time_label": "58:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "from that what does scripture take out a the knowledge of those facts that the paradigm displays as particularly revealing by increasing the extent of the match between those facts and the paradigm's predictions and by..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "segment_id": "seg-0055", "start": 3548.97, "end": 3607.37, "time_label": "59:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "To solve a jigsaw puzzle is not, for example, merely to make a picture. Either a child or a contemporary artist could do that by scattering selected pieces as abstract shapes upon some neutral ground. So this is really..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "segment_id": "seg-0056", "start": 3607.37, "end": 3669.4, "time_label": "1:00:07", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "with a new picture to the jigsaw puzzle, you might be creative, you might be interesting, you might be imaginative, but you're wrong. Okay? Scientists cannot accept your solution. To achieve that, all the pieces must be..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "A new paradigm requires faith because early adopters must embrace future promise despite evidence favoring the old problem-solving system.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057" ], "temporal_scope": "Kuhn interpretation in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "paradigm", "faith", "innovation", "kuhn" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "segment_id": "seg-0057", "start": 3669.4, "end": 3729.47, "time_label": "1:01:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "decision between alternative ways of practicing science is called for and the circumstances that this decision must be based less on past achievement than on future promise. The man who embraces a new paradigm at an ear..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang says revolutionary scientific genius is not polite reform but a conflict that requires defying the basic premises of bureaucratic science.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0058" ], "temporal_scope": "Lecture diagnosis dated 2025-04-01.", "topic_tags": [ "genius", "revolution", "bureaucracy", "galileo" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "segment_id": "seg-0057", "start": 3669.4, "end": 3729.47, "time_label": "1:01:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "decision between alternative ways of practicing science is called for and the circumstances that this decision must be based less on past achievement than on future promise. The man who embraces a new paradigm at an ear..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3729.47, "end": 3791.84, "time_label": "1:02:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "is sent by God to tell us the truth okay that's Galileo Galileo if you actually met the person you would think this guy's a complete asshole all right he's arrogant he's obnoxious all he does is make fun of me okay but..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "For most of history, Jiang says science served religion by validating it, which creates confirmation bias: people seek evidence that supports what they already want to believe.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059" ], "temporal_scope": "Lecture summary of the science-religion relation.", "topic_tags": [ "science", "religion", "confirmation-bias" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "segment_id": "seg-0059", "start": 3791.9, "end": 3865.07, "time_label": "1:03:11", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because there will be other classes on these topics. We'll be discussing quantum mechanics at a future date. So I want to make sure that we understand the argument. Okay, so our argument is this. For most of history, sc..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Dunning-Kruger is used to show that self-doubt and self-reflection are marks of excellence because the worst performers most misjudge themselves.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061" ], "temporal_scope": "Psychological example in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "dunning-kruger", "self-doubt", "reflection", "excellence" ], "claim_type": "evidence", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "segment_id": "seg-0059", "start": 3791.9, "end": 3865.07, "time_label": "1:03:11", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because there will be other classes on these topics. We'll be discussing quantum mechanics at a future date. So I want to make sure that we understand the argument. Okay, so our argument is this. For most of history, sc..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "segment_id": "seg-0060", "start": 3865.53, "end": 3920.75, "time_label": "1:04:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay? And the second thing is they asked students how they think they did on that IQ test. Were you in the top 5 %? Were you in the bottom 5 %? Were you average? Okay? And it turned out that once they looked at all the..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "segment_id": "seg-0061", "start": 3920.75, "end": 4002.693, "time_label": "1:05:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "If you're able to doubt yourself, if you're able to question yourself, if you're able to self -reflect, that's a sign of an excellent student. Okay? In fact, the best sign of an excellent student. So the question then i..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Bacon's solution is to separate science from religion and bureaucratize hypothesis, experiment, data analysis, and replication so each department audits the prior step.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062" ], "temporal_scope": "Institutional model in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "francis-bacon", "scientific-process", "replication", "bureaucracy" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "segment_id": "seg-0061", "start": 3920.75, "end": 4002.693, "time_label": "1:05:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "If you're able to doubt yourself, if you're able to question yourself, if you're able to self -reflect, that's a sign of an excellent student. Okay? In fact, the best sign of an excellent student. So the question then i..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "segment_id": "seg-0062", "start": 4002.693, "end": 4074.16, "time_label": "1:06:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And so what happens is that each department is inspecting and auditing the work of the previous department to make sure the results are, are accurate and correct. Okay? Does that make sense? And it turns out if you do i..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "The same scientific bureaucracy that produced rapid progress now produces political control, overspecialization, lack of accountability, insularity, gatekeeping, and loss of creativity.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064" ], "temporal_scope": "Contemporary diagnosis dated 2025-04-01.", "topic_tags": [ "scientific-bureaucracy", "overspecialization", "gatekeeping", "creativity" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "segment_id": "seg-0062", "start": 4002.693, "end": 4074.16, "time_label": "1:06:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And so what happens is that each department is inspecting and auditing the work of the previous department to make sure the results are, are accurate and correct. Okay? Does that make sense? And it turns out if you do i..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "segment_id": "seg-0063", "start": 4074.28, "end": 4154.51, "time_label": "1:07:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay? So if you run experiments, well, you use, you use a lot of instruments, okay? All of these instruments are so complicated that normal scientists don't really understand what you're doing. Okay? So that's the secon..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064", "segment_id": "seg-0064", "start": 4157.16, "end": 4227.99, "time_label": "1:09:17", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So this is the great irony of science. Science was initiated, inspired by the genius of Galileo, Newton, and Einstein. But today, science has developed to a point where it no longer is welcome. Galileo, Newton, or Einst..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Newton's papers became known because his estate passed to aristocratic relatives who eventually auctioned the papers, with the sale going poorly enough that notes were sold piecemeal.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0069", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical anecdote in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "newton", "papers", "auction", "keynes" ], "claim_type": "evidence", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0069", "segment_id": "seg-0069", "start": 4298.59, "end": 4370.996, "time_label": "1:11:38", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "OK. OK. So Newton. OK. So why do we know that Newton predicted the end of the world? OK. The reason why is this. So Newton didn't. He didn't have any family. He didn't have a wife. He didn't have any children. So his en..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "segment_id": "seg-0070", "start": 4370.996, "end": 4429.28, "time_label": "1:12:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because they reveal genius to you. But for whatever reason, they didn't really sell very well. OK. And the sale was so bad, the auction was so bad, that it was sold piecemeal, OK? And one person who bought the notes was..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "John Maynard Keynes bought and read some Newton papers expecting mathematics but found alchemy and theology instead.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical anecdote in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "keynes", "newton", "alchemy", "theology" ], "claim_type": "evidence", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "segment_id": "seg-0070", "start": 4370.996, "end": 4429.28, "time_label": "1:12:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because they reveal genius to you. But for whatever reason, they didn't really sell very well. OK. And the sale was so bad, the auction was so bad, that it was sold piecemeal, OK? And one person who bought the notes was..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang says Newton searched the Bible for a secret code that would reveal the future and was convinced of the Second Coming.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071" ], "temporal_scope": "Newton interpretation in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "newton", "bible-code", "second-coming", "prophecy" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "segment_id": "seg-0070", "start": 4370.996, "end": 4429.28, "time_label": "1:12:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because they reveal genius to you. But for whatever reason, they didn't really sell very well. OK. And the sale was so bad, the auction was so bad, that it was sold piecemeal, OK? And one person who bought the notes was..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4431.96, "end": 4497.35, "time_label": "1:13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He was convinced that Jesus will return. I mean, these are all Christians at this point, right? He was actually convinced that Jesus will return. And so he wanted to know when he would return and how he would return, OK..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Newton is described as a Christian Zionist because he believed Jesus's return required conditions, including the return of Jews to Jerusalem under Ottoman control.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ], "temporal_scope": "Jiang's historical interpretation dated 2025-04-01.", "topic_tags": [ "newton", "christian-zionism", "second-coming", "jerusalem", "ottoman-empire" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4431.96, "end": 4497.35, "time_label": "1:13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He was convinced that Jesus will return. I mean, these are all Christians at this point, right? He was actually convinced that Jesus will return. And so he wanted to know when he would return and how he would return, OK..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4497.57, "end": 4554.98, "time_label": "1:14:57", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "OK? He was actually convinced that we had to get all the world's Jews and return them to Jerusalem, OK? Only problem was Jews didn't want to go back, OK? And so I think Newton, and this is completely unknown about him,..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang says Newton was part of a secret society with John Locke and others who saw themselves as the true church and rejected the Trinity in favor of one God.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical claim in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "newton", "john-locke", "secret-society", "trinity" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4497.57, "end": 4554.98, "time_label": "1:14:57", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "OK? He was actually convinced that we had to get all the world's Jews and return them to Jerusalem, OK? Only problem was Jews didn't want to go back, OK? And so I think Newton, and this is completely unknown about him,..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang argues that Newton's influence helped promote Christian Zionism in England, from which believers later went to America imagining America as the new Jerusalem.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical interpretation in the 2025-04-01 lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "newton", "christian-zionism", "england", "america", "new-jerusalem" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4555, "end": 4613.54, "time_label": "1:15:55", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And he was the representative. He was the representative of God on Earth. He was here on a divine mission. So he was part of the secret society to try to achieve Christian Zionism and to discover when the Second Coming..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "The Balfour Declaration is framed as part of a longer Christian Zionist project to bring Jews back to Jerusalem after the Ottoman Empire's defeat.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical-causal chain in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "balfour-declaration", "ottoman-empire", "jerusalem", "christian-zionism" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4555, "end": 4613.54, "time_label": "1:15:55", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And he was the representative. He was the representative of God on Earth. He was here on a divine mission. So he was part of the secret society to try to achieve Christian Zionism and to discover when the Second Coming..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074", "segment_id": "seg-0074", "start": 4613.54, "end": 4639.3, "time_label": "1:16:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "World War I, when the Ottoman Empire was defeated, the British Empire now gives permission to all the Jews in the world to return to Jerusalem whether or not they want to. OK? So this is why history is so important. Bec..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang says the point is not whether Newton was correct about 2060, but that powerful people can believe a prophecy and use money, influence, and power to make it come true.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076" ], "temporal_scope": "Contemporary warning in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "prophecy", "power", "plan", "christian-zionism", "2060" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075", "segment_id": "seg-0075", "start": 4639.54, "end": 4642.58, "time_label": "1:17:19", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "I'm sorry. He was right. 2060." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "segment_id": "seg-0076", "start": 4644.33, "end": 4703.53, "time_label": "1:17:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Well, again, OK. I'm just kidding. So 2060, again, that's not the issue. The issue is that there are very powerful people in this world who believe in this and who believe that it is the divine mission to make this come..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang distinguishes prophecy from plan: the danger is when an apocalyptic belief becomes a political project for bringing Jesus back.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0077" ], "temporal_scope": "Closing warning in the 2025-04-01 lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "apocalypse", "politics", "prophecy", "plan" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "segment_id": "seg-0076", "start": 4644.33, "end": 4703.53, "time_label": "1:17:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Well, again, OK. I'm just kidding. So 2060, again, that's not the issue. The issue is that there are very powerful people in this world who believe in this and who believe that it is the divine mission to make this come..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0077", "segment_id": "seg-0077", "start": 4703.75, "end": 4722.2, "time_label": "1:18:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "That should be the major concern. All right? OK? So I apologize for that. I apologize for going on this tangent. But so we don't have class on Thursday. But next Tuesday, we'll start the Age of Exploration. OK?" } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "signature_moments": [ { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0001" ], "moment": "Dante is not just a poet in this lecture; he is the hinge that makes modernity possible.", "source_phrase": "we would not have modernity without Dante", "why_it_matters": "It compresses the lecture's surprising genealogy of science through poetry and theology.", "tone": "provocation", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "segment_id": "seg-0001", "start": 0, "end": 74.5, "time_label": "0:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay, good morning. So today we do the Second Revolution, okay? And as I mentioned in previous classes, it was really Dante who helped give birth to the idea of modernity. And he really launched three major movements, w..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0003", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0004" ], "moment": "God lacks imagination because God has no body; humans imagine because they fail.", "source_phrase": "If you're perfect, if you're eternal, if you're immutable, you lack an imagination", "why_it_matters": "The reversal makes human limitation the source of scientific power.", "tone": "reversal", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0003", "segment_id": "seg-0003", "start": 146.795, "end": 209.12, "time_label": "2:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "What is created by God are the laws that underlie the universe, God created the atoms, God created the laws that allow these atoms to interact with each other, okay? So the rays and motion of the holy light draw forth t..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0004", "segment_id": "seg-0004", "start": 209.12, "end": 268.4, "time_label": "3:29", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "There's no boundaries to you. But if you're human, you're forced to have an imagination because you'll make mistakes. You will fail. There are things that you do not know. And the imagination gives you the capacity to k..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0008" ], "moment": "The monk's breathing becomes a reenactment of cosmic creation.", "source_phrase": "practice meditation in order to try to mimic, okay? The act of creation", "why_it_matters": "It shows ancient science as embodied imitation of divine process, not mere superstition.", "tone": "image", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0008", "segment_id": "seg-0008", "start": 483.76, "end": 549.7, "time_label": "8:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He does it by breathing. Breathing in, emitting sacred geometry, and then breathing out, breathing back in, okay? Inhaling, exhaling, and this will give rise to the universe. So if you're a monk or a priest, you practic..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0009" ], "moment": "Alchemy becomes hacking the universe.", "source_phrase": "Think of it as hacking", "why_it_matters": "It preserves Jiang's image of premodern science as active manipulation of hidden cosmic rules.", "tone": "metaphor", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "segment_id": "seg-0009", "start": 549.7, "end": 616.34, "time_label": "9:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "you're trying to link the movement of the stars, the cosmos, with events in the world, okay? So by understanding the movement of stars, you're able to divine, or predict the future of humanity. Okay? So every major king..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0012" ], "moment": "The revolution is not a new answer but a new suspicion: how do we know truth?", "source_phrase": "changed from what is truth to how do we know truth", "why_it_matters": "This is the lecture's most compact definition of scientific modernity.", "tone": "definition", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0012", "segment_id": "seg-0012", "start": 759.2, "end": 831.09, "time_label": "12:39", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "It's basically a psychedelic, okay? Today, we don't rely on intuition and imagination. We think this is superstitious. We rely mainly on something called the scientific method, okay? And later on, I will... We'll discus..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015" ], "moment": "Monotheism is named as an intellectual revolution before it is a religious identity.", "source_phrase": "monotheism is really an intellectual revolution first and foremost", "why_it_matters": "It links theology directly to scientific epistemology.", "tone": "reversal", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "segment_id": "seg-0015", "start": 970.95, "end": 1045.7, "time_label": "16:10", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "There's a deep sense that God is in our lives orchestrating events. The last major difference is that between fate and progress, okay? If there's truth in this world, if there's goodness in this world, then we have a re..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0018" ], "moment": "Science rises above religion by asking, 'How do you know if you're right?'", "source_phrase": "how do you know if you're right?", "why_it_matters": "It captures science as a tribunal of method rather than a collection of facts.", "tone": "question", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "segment_id": "seg-0018", "start": 1176.65, "end": 1246.34, "time_label": "19:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because religion purports to be the truth, right? And what science is saying is like, how do you know if you're right? Well, we know if you're right because we have methods to test you, okay? So science is putting itsel..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019" ], "moment": "Peer review is described as institutionalized criticism.", "source_phrase": "a system of doubt and criticism", "why_it_matters": "It ties the social form of science to the epistemic form of doubt.", "tone": "definition", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "segment_id": "seg-0019", "start": 1246.81, "end": 1311.54, "time_label": "20:46", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Now last thing is it creates a system of doubt and criticism in order to test all experimental results. And today we call them academic societies and peer -reviewed journals, okay? So if you're a scientist working today..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0023" ], "moment": "The Church is remembered through a saying: it tells you how to go to heaven, not how the heavens go.", "source_phrase": "how to go to heaven, not how the heavens go", "why_it_matters": "It punctures the simple anti-science Church narrative that the lecture later complicates through Galileo.", "tone": "reversal", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0023", "segment_id": "seg-0023", "start": 1544.15, "end": 1601.42, "time_label": "25:44", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "the saying back then is, it is the job of the church, the Catholic church, to tell you how to go to heaven, not how the heavens go. Okay? So the Catholic church didn't really care one way. They didn't care about the hel..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0025" ], "moment": "Kepler says no to perfect circles: the heavens are elliptical.", "source_phrase": "nope, the orbit is elliptical", "why_it_matters": "It makes data an offense against inherited theological beauty.", "tone": "reversal", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0025", "segment_id": "seg-0025", "start": 1676.94, "end": 1736.43, "time_label": "27:56", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "But because he is not a member of the Catholic Church, he's a Lutheran, okay, the Catholic Church couldn't really do anything about him. Right? And what's remarkable about Kepler is that just from this data, he was able..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0028" ], "moment": "Galileo's argumentative posture is reduced to: I speak to God, I know the truth, and you are all idiots.", "source_phrase": "I speak to God, I know the truth, and you're all idiots", "why_it_matters": "It preserves Jiang's spicy recasting of scientific genius as theological arrogance.", "tone": "provocation", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0028", "segment_id": "seg-0028", "start": 1866.78, "end": 1929.32, "time_label": "31:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "model, he was coming into conflict with a lot of academics that were extremely well established who made their living off the heliocentric model, okay? So they're having these arguments, and Galileo's arguments were ver..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0032" ], "moment": "The Galileo story becomes a Greek tragedy of hubris before it becomes a Protestant myth of anti-science Catholicism.", "source_phrase": "It was his hubris. It's a very classic Greek tragedy", "why_it_matters": "It keeps the lecture from flattening Galileo into the standard martyr-of-science narrative.", "tone": "reversal", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0032", "segment_id": "seg-0032", "start": 2109.803, "end": 2184.02, "time_label": "35:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So what he said is, listen, this book, it's a satire. It's a thought experiment. I know that the heliocentric model is wrong. And so I wrote this book as an intellectual exercise to see how wrong it could be, and to see..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034" ], "moment": "Newton's science is dragged back into theology: his real work was reading the Bible for cosmic secrets.", "source_phrase": "What he really was was a theologian", "why_it_matters": "It keeps the lecture's anti-secular genealogy of science alive at the moment Newton appears.", "tone": "reversal", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "segment_id": "seg-0034", "start": 2256.81, "end": 2314.73, "time_label": "37:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Newton, as you know, he's the person who created calculus. The calculus you're learning in school, guess what? He was responsible for the creation of calculus. Now, what's really interesting for us to know about Newton..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035" ], "moment": "Newton's alchemical search for the Philosopher's Stone includes eating or tasting mercury and losing sleep and hair.", "source_phrase": "He was eating it. He was tasting it", "why_it_matters": "It makes scientific genius look bodily, dangerous, and strange rather than cleanly rational.", "tone": "image", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035", "segment_id": "seg-0035", "start": 2315.66, "end": 2372.04, "time_label": "38:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "People understood faith. They understood faith as a very important cornerstone of science. Without faith, how could you have the energy and the inspiration to understand the mind of God, okay? Newton is also famous for..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0039" ], "moment": "Einstein solves heaven's causation problem while sitting at a patent-office desk.", "source_phrase": "he was just thinking by himself his daydreaming", "why_it_matters": "It supports the later claim that revolutionary science comes from imagination, not bureaucracy.", "tone": "image", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0039", "segment_id": "seg-0039", "start": 2569.25, "end": 2629.12, "time_label": "42:49", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He believed that in the heavens, there was a space -time curvature. And so what was happening was this. A mass, a huge object, it would go into the space -time curvature and warp it. And because it warped it, it drew th..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0043" ], "moment": "Dark energy is demystified as a scientific label for ignorance.", "source_phrase": "dark energy means we don't know what it is", "why_it_matters": "It preserves Jiang's attack on model-saving concepts that look like knowledge but name a gap.", "tone": "definition", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "segment_id": "seg-0043", "start": 2812.2, "end": 2874.4, "time_label": "46:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "dark energy means we don't know what it is okay doesn't mean it exists and we can't see it it just means we have no idea what it is we can explain why the Big Bang is expanding really fast at certain points and really s..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ], "moment": "The real monster is not scientists becoming God, but scientists becoming corrupt bureaucrats.", "source_phrase": "It's more like they'll become corrupt bureaucrats", "why_it_matters": "This reversal sets up the lecture's late critique of modern science as an institution.", "tone": "reversal", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "segment_id": "seg-0048", "start": 3133.405, "end": 3198.42, "time_label": "52:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Just ask me. All right, so the real problem is this. Okay, the real problem is this. Science has become an imperial bureaucracy. That's the real issue, all right? If you think about the world we live in today, the field..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ], "moment": "Science is compared directly to imperial China.", "source_phrase": "the field that is most like the imperial bureaucracy of China is science today", "why_it_matters": "It is the lecture's strongest institutional metaphor for modern science.", "tone": "metaphor", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "segment_id": "seg-0048", "start": 3133.405, "end": 3198.42, "time_label": "52:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Just ask me. All right, so the real problem is this. Okay, the real problem is this. Science has become an imperial bureaucracy. That's the real issue, all right? If you think about the world we live in today, the field..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049" ], "moment": "Genius is severed from hard work and method and returned to inspiration.", "source_phrase": "genius does not come from hard work", "why_it_matters": "It is the pivot from institutional science to the problem of revolutionary creativity.", "tone": "provocation", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0049", "segment_id": "seg-0049", "start": 3198.42, "end": 3266.591, "time_label": "53:18", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "All right, so let me explain. Okay, so I know this is a hard idea, but genius does not come from hard work. It does not come from, say, some sort of process or some sort of method. It comes from intuition, imagination,..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051" ], "moment": "Einstein is logical and wrong; Bohr is sloppy and right.", "source_phrase": "Einstein was wrong, Niels Bohr was right", "why_it_matters": "It makes the lecture's anti-bureaucratic point vivid: correctness may arrive looking irrational.", "tone": "reversal", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0050", "segment_id": "seg-0050", "start": 3266.591, "end": 3326.414, "time_label": "54:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "This is no different from Mohammed, who was meditating in a cave, and the angel Gabriel appeared before him. It's religious. Albert Einstein daydreams in a tree, a tram, approaching another, and conceives the theory of..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "segment_id": "seg-0051", "start": 3326.414, "end": 3381.11, "time_label": "55:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So if you go and look back in the 1930s and 40s, and you look at their arguments, what you will find is that Einstein was very clear, was very logical, was very clear, was very logical, was very logical, was very logica..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0056" ], "moment": "Normal science is a jigsaw puzzle with only one accepted picture.", "source_phrase": "you are literally solving a jigsaw puzzle", "why_it_matters": "This image carries the later argument that science excludes new paradigms by design.", "tone": "metaphor", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "segment_id": "seg-0055", "start": 3548.97, "end": 3607.37, "time_label": "59:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "To solve a jigsaw puzzle is not, for example, merely to make a picture. Either a child or a contemporary artist could do that by scattering selected pieces as abstract shapes upon some neutral ground. So this is really..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "segment_id": "seg-0056", "start": 3607.37, "end": 3669.4, "time_label": "1:00:07", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "with a new picture to the jigsaw puzzle, you might be creative, you might be interesting, you might be imaginative, but you're wrong. Okay? Scientists cannot accept your solution. To achieve that, all the pieces must be..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057" ], "moment": "Paradigm change has to be made on faith.", "source_phrase": "a decision of that kind can only be made on faith", "why_it_matters": "It fuses the lecture's theology and science arguments into one line.", "tone": "definition", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "segment_id": "seg-0057", "start": 3669.4, "end": 3729.47, "time_label": "1:01:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "decision between alternative ways of practicing science is called for and the circumstances that this decision must be based less on past achievement than on future promise. The man who embraces a new paradigm at an ear..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0058" ], "moment": "Scientific innovation is not a tea party; it is a revolution.", "source_phrase": "scientific innovation genius, it's not a tea party all right it's a revolution", "why_it_matters": "It preserves Jiang's forceful rejection of tame, bureaucratic science.", "tone": "provocation", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3729.47, "end": 3791.84, "time_label": "1:02:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "is sent by God to tell us the truth okay that's Galileo Galileo if you actually met the person you would think this guy's a complete asshole all right he's arrogant he's obnoxious all he does is make fun of me okay but..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064" ], "moment": "Modern science would reject Galileo, Newton, and Einstein.", "source_phrase": "science has developed to a point where it no longer is welcome. Galileo, Newton, or Einstein", "why_it_matters": "This is the lecture's final institutional indictment before the Newton tangent.", "tone": "reversal", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064", "segment_id": "seg-0064", "start": 4157.16, "end": 4227.99, "time_label": "1:09:17", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So this is the great irony of science. Science was initiated, inspired by the genius of Galileo, Newton, and Einstein. But today, science has developed to a point where it no longer is welcome. Galileo, Newton, or Einst..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064" ], "moment": "The danger is not AI or immortality but a civilization unable to innovate.", "source_phrase": "Worry about the fact that we've come to a point in our civilization where we are now incapable of innovation", "why_it_matters": "It turns headline techno-fears into a deeper civilizational failure.", "tone": "provocation", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064", "segment_id": "seg-0064", "start": 4157.16, "end": 4227.99, "time_label": "1:09:17", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So this is the great irony of science. Science was initiated, inspired by the genius of Galileo, Newton, and Einstein. But today, science has developed to a point where it no longer is welcome. Galileo, Newton, or Einst..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070" ], "moment": "Keynes opens Newton expecting mathematics and finds alchemy and theology.", "source_phrase": "He was absolutely aghast at what he discovered. It was alchemy, it was theology", "why_it_matters": "It crystallizes the lecture's insistence that science's heroes were not secular rational machines.", "tone": "reversal", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "segment_id": "seg-0070", "start": 4370.996, "end": 4429.28, "time_label": "1:12:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because they reveal genius to you. But for whatever reason, they didn't really sell very well. OK. And the sale was so bad, the auction was so bad, that it was sold piecemeal, OK? And one person who bought the notes was..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070" ], "moment": "Newton is pictured reading the Bible as a future-decoding machine.", "source_phrase": "look for a secret code within the Bible that would tell him the future", "why_it_matters": "It keeps the theological strangeness of Newton central rather than marginal.", "tone": "image", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "segment_id": "seg-0070", "start": 4370.996, "end": 4429.28, "time_label": "1:12:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because they reveal genius to you. But for whatever reason, they didn't really sell very well. OK. And the sale was so bad, the auction was so bad, that it was sold piecemeal, OK? And one person who bought the notes was..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ], "moment": "Prophecy turns into logistics: if Jesus returns, someone must arrange Jerusalem.", "source_phrase": "once you predict the future and you know when Jesus is returning, you want to know how he returns", "why_it_matters": "This is the bridge from belief to political plan that drives the closing tangent.", "tone": "causal-chain", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4431.96, "end": 4497.35, "time_label": "1:13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He was convinced that Jesus will return. I mean, these are all Christians at this point, right? He was actually convinced that Jesus will return. And so he wanted to know when he would return and how he would return, OK..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4497.57, "end": 4554.98, "time_label": "1:14:57", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "OK? He was actually convinced that we had to get all the world's Jews and return them to Jerusalem, OK? Only problem was Jews didn't want to go back, OK? And so I think Newton, and this is completely unknown about him,..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "moment": "America appears as the new Jerusalem inside the Christian Zionist chain.", "source_phrase": "believing that America is the new Jerusalem", "why_it_matters": "It widens the Newton tangent into a transatlantic political theology.", "tone": "image", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4555, "end": 4613.54, "time_label": "1:15:55", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And he was the representative. He was the representative of God on Earth. He was here on a divine mission. So he was part of the secret society to try to achieve Christian Zionism and to discover when the Second Coming..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074" ], "moment": "Current Middle East politics is made unintelligible without this older theological history.", "source_phrase": "you cannot possibly understand what's happening in the Middle East today without first understanding all this history", "why_it_matters": "It explains why Jiang lets the scientific-revolution lecture end in geopolitical theology.", "tone": "method", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074", "segment_id": "seg-0074", "start": 4613.54, "end": 4639.3, "time_label": "1:16:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "World War I, when the Ottoman Empire was defeated, the British Empire now gives permission to all the Jews in the world to return to Jerusalem whether or not they want to. OK? So this is why history is so important. Bec..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076" ], "moment": "The closing warning: prophecy becomes a plan.", "source_phrase": "It's not really a prophecy, OK? It's really a plan", "why_it_matters": "This is the sharpest final line of the episode: belief becomes historical engineering.", "tone": "reversal", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "segment_id": "seg-0076", "start": 4644.33, "end": 4703.53, "time_label": "1:17:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Well, again, OK. I'm just kidding. So 2060, again, that's not the issue. The issue is that there are very powerful people in this world who believe in this and who believe that it is the divine mission to make this come..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "predictions": [], "models": [ { "claim": "Jiang argues that Dante helped give birth to modernity by launching the Renaissance, Protestant Reformation, and Scientific Revolution as linked movements.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0001" ], "temporal_scope": "Lecture claim dated 2025-04-01.", "topic_tags": [ "dante", "modernity", "renaissance", "protestantism", "scientific-revolution" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "segment_id": "seg-0001", "start": 0, "end": 74.5, "time_label": "0:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay, good morning. So today we do the Second Revolution, okay? 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So these are three major sciences in the primitive societies. China, Egypt, and India. And they..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "segment_id": "seg-0011", "start": 686.78, "end": 758.96, "time_label": "11:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Today, we are only focused on the material world, the world that we can see and know, in order to create progress, okay? 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So these are theoreticians. They're the ones who take this experimental data and combine it into a theory. And so Bacon is proposing a scientific bureaucracy. And guess what, guys?..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Science today is compared to China's imperial bureaucracy: above nations and governments, self-promoting, under-accountable, and prone to lazy, greedy waste.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ], "temporal_scope": "Civilizational analogy in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "science", "imperial-bureaucracy", "china", "accountability" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "segment_id": "seg-0048", "start": 3133.405, "end": 3198.42, "time_label": "52:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Just ask me. All right, so the real problem is this. Okay, the real problem is this. 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Either a child or a contemporary artist could do that by scattering selected pieces as abstract shapes upon some neutral ground. So this is really..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0056", "segment_id": "seg-0056", "start": 3607.37, "end": 3669.4, "time_label": "1:00:07", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "with a new picture to the jigsaw puzzle, you might be creative, you might be interesting, you might be imaginative, but you're wrong. Okay? Scientists cannot accept your solution. To achieve that, all the pieces must be..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "A new paradigm requires faith because early adopters must embrace future promise despite evidence favoring the old problem-solving system.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057" ], "temporal_scope": "Kuhn interpretation in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "paradigm", "faith", "innovation", "kuhn" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "segment_id": "seg-0057", "start": 3669.4, "end": 3729.47, "time_label": "1:01:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "decision between alternative ways of practicing science is called for and the circumstances that this decision must be based less on past achievement than on future promise. The man who embraces a new paradigm at an ear..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Bacon's solution is to separate science from religion and bureaucratize hypothesis, experiment, data analysis, and replication so each department audits the prior step.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062" ], "temporal_scope": "Institutional model in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "francis-bacon", "scientific-process", "replication", "bureaucracy" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "segment_id": "seg-0061", "start": 3920.75, "end": 4002.693, "time_label": "1:05:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "If you're able to doubt yourself, if you're able to question yourself, if you're able to self -reflect, that's a sign of an excellent student. Okay? In fact, the best sign of an excellent student. So the question then i..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "segment_id": "seg-0062", "start": 4002.693, "end": 4074.16, "time_label": "1:06:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And so what happens is that each department is inspecting and auditing the work of the previous department to make sure the results are, are accurate and correct. Okay? Does that make sense? And it turns out if you do i..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang distinguishes prophecy from plan: the danger is when an apocalyptic belief becomes a political project for bringing Jesus back.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0077" ], "temporal_scope": "Closing warning in the 2025-04-01 lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "apocalypse", "politics", "prophecy", "plan" ], "claim_type": "model", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "segment_id": "seg-0076", "start": 4644.33, "end": 4703.53, "time_label": "1:17:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Well, again, OK. I'm just kidding. So 2060, again, that's not the issue. The issue is that there are very powerful people in this world who believe in this and who believe that it is the divine mission to make this come..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0077", "segment_id": "seg-0077", "start": 4703.75, "end": 4722.2, "time_label": "1:18:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "That should be the major concern. All right? OK? So I apologize for that. I apologize for going on this tangent. But so we don't have class on Thursday. But next Tuesday, we'll start the Age of Exploration. OK?" } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "diagnoses": [ { "claim": "Both Protestant and Catholic institutions promoted science because each wanted to understand the mind of God and strengthen its authority against rivals.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0016" ], "temporal_scope": "Lecture explanation of Reformation-era science.", "topic_tags": [ "protestant-reformation", "counter-reformation", "jesuits", "authority" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "segment_id": "seg-0015", "start": 970.95, "end": 1045.7, "time_label": "16:10", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "There's a deep sense that God is in our lives orchestrating events. The last major difference is that between fate and progress, okay? If there's truth in this world, if there's goodness in this world, then we have a re..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "segment_id": "seg-0016", "start": 1045.7, "end": 1103.793, "time_label": "17:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the Protestants are heavily devoted to science because they want to... Okay? They want to understand the will and mind of God. The Catholics themselves are also promoting science. The Catholics will create a new soci..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "War with the Ottoman Empire and the age of exploration pushed European science because conquest required navigation tools, compasses, and astrolabes.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0017" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical-causal claim in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "war", "ottoman-empire", "exploration", "navigation" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0017", "segment_id": "seg-0017", "start": 1103.793, "end": 1176.65, "time_label": "18:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "The Ottoman Empire, which is, at this point, the strongest empire in the world. All right? And the last idea that's driving science is the age of exploration and conquest. As Europe is trying to expand outwards, if they..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang credits this method with an explosion of productivity, population capacity, wealth, technology, and progress beginning around 1700, while questioning whether the population outcome is good.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0020" ], "temporal_scope": "Long-run historical diagnosis in the 2025-04-01 lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "productivity", "population", "progress", "technology" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "segment_id": "seg-0019", "start": 1246.81, "end": 1311.54, "time_label": "20:46", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Now last thing is it creates a system of doubt and criticism in order to test all experimental results. And today we call them academic societies and peer -reviewed journals, okay? So if you're a scientist working today..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "segment_id": "seg-0020", "start": 1312.75, "end": 1385.54, "time_label": "21:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And this has meant that we are now able to feed more and more people. So before 1700, you really couldn't get above a few hundred million people. Okay. And now we are at nine, we are projected to reach nine billion peop..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang argues that Galileo's real danger was not disagreement with Church science but claiming authority to interpret Scripture above the Church.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0028", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0029" ], "temporal_scope": "Lecture interpretation of the Galileo trial.", "topic_tags": [ "galileo", "heresy", "scripture", "church-authority" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0028", "segment_id": "seg-0028", "start": 1866.78, "end": 1929.32, "time_label": "31:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "model, he was coming into conflict with a lot of academics that were extremely well established who made their living off the heliocentric model, okay? So they're having these arguments, and Galileo's arguments were ver..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "segment_id": "seg-0029", "start": 1929.46, "end": 1990.08, "time_label": "32:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "That's what the Bible says. Also, if you look at Genesis, it's clear that God created the Earth first, and then he created the heavens, the sun and the moon and the stars. So logically, everything should revolve around..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Galileo's Dialogue became explosive because he mocked his enemies and placed Pope Urban VIII's arguments in the mouth of Simplicitus, making a banned book into a sensation.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0030", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0031" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical interpretation in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "dialogue", "urban-viii", "satire", "inquisition" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0030", "segment_id": "seg-0030", "start": 1990.28, "end": 2051.7, "time_label": "33:10", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "he was a very famous author, he was extremely intelligent, he thought that God loved him, okay? So as you can imagine, it was a complete disaster. It was a disastrous meeting, the Inquisition told him to shut up, okay?..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "segment_id": "seg-0031", "start": 2052.08, "end": 2109.803, "time_label": "34:12", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Where he presented his argument again for the heliocentric model. Not only that, but he made fun of his enemies. So it's a dialogue, and the chief enemy of Galileo, his name was Simplicitus, okay? Simplicitus, moron. No..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang says Galileo's fall can be read as hubris and personality, but history remembers it as science versus Church because Protestants used the trial as anti-Catholic propaganda.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0032" ], "temporal_scope": "Interpretive claim dated 2025-04-01.", "topic_tags": [ "galileo", "protestant-propaganda", "hubris", "science-and-religion" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0032", "segment_id": "seg-0032", "start": 2109.803, "end": 2184.02, "time_label": "35:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So what he said is, listen, this book, it's a satire. It's a thought experiment. I know that the heliocentric model is wrong. And so I wrote this book as an intellectual exercise to see how wrong it could be, and to see..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Galileo becomes remembered as the father of modern science because Protestants turn his trial into propaganda about science above religion, even though Jiang says the math for heliocentrism was still weak at the time.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical interpretation in the 2025-04-01 lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "galileo", "protestant-propaganda", "modern-science", "heliocentrism" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0033", "segment_id": "seg-0033", "start": 2184.3, "end": 2256.79, "time_label": "36:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the Protestants will use this trial as propaganda against the church. And the Protestants will say, you see how anti -science the church is. And Galileo will be... Will be remembered now as the father of modern scien..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang emphasizes that Newton saw himself primarily as a theologian and alchemist seeking biblical secrets and the end of the world, not as a modern secular scientist.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035" ], "temporal_scope": "Newton interpretation in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "newton", "theology", "alchemy", "2060" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "segment_id": "seg-0034", "start": 2256.81, "end": 2314.73, "time_label": "37:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Newton, as you know, he's the person who created calculus. The calculus you're learning in school, guess what? He was responsible for the creation of calculus. Now, what's really interesting for us to know about Newton..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035", "segment_id": "seg-0035", "start": 2315.66, "end": 2372.04, "time_label": "38:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "People understood faith. They understood faith as a very important cornerstone of science. Without faith, how could you have the energy and the inspiration to understand the mind of God, okay? Newton is also famous for..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang says the Big Bang model faces evidence problems, including galaxies appearing earlier than expected and nonconstant universal expansion.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0042" ], "temporal_scope": "Science critique in this 2025-04-01 lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "big-bang", "hubble-telescope", "galaxies", "cosmology" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0041", "segment_id": "seg-0041", "start": 2696.15, "end": 2752.62, "time_label": "44:56", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "relativity but um the theory of relativity also predicts the Big Bang because um space -time the idea of space -time is that space is in motion right that's why you have time because it's in motion well if it's in motio..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "segment_id": "seg-0042", "start": 2752.62, "end": 2812.2, "time_label": "45:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "is this massive energy explosion and so the galaxies will develop later but our data tells us the galaxies came before much much earlier than we expect okay that's the first thing second problem that we have with the Bi..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang argues that AI, nanotechnology, genetic design, and immortality are the wrong ethical focus because the current scientific framework cannot really produce godlike control; the real issue is bureaucratic corruption and waste.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0046", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ], "temporal_scope": "Contemporary diagnosis dated 2025-04-01.", "topic_tags": [ "ai", "nanotechnology", "genetics", "scientific-bureaucracy", "corruption" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0046", "segment_id": "seg-0046", "start": 2994, "end": 3062.02, "time_label": "49:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Society include Christopher Wren, who was a very famous architect, as well as Robert Dole, who was a very famous chemist. Okay. Basic background into the history of the Second Revolution. Today we are asking ourselves a..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0047", "segment_id": "seg-0047", "start": 3062.16, "end": 3133.405, "time_label": "51:02", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Also, we're trying to develop immortality. Okay. We're looking for the elixir of immortality. So these are three massive ethical debates within science. And my argument to you today is that this is the wrong question to..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "segment_id": "seg-0048", "start": 3133.405, "end": 3198.42, "time_label": "52:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Just ask me. All right, so the real problem is this. Okay, the real problem is this. Science has become an imperial bureaucracy. That's the real issue, all right? If you think about the world we live in today, the field..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang says revolutionary scientific genius is not polite reform but a conflict that requires defying the basic premises of bureaucratic science.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0058" ], "temporal_scope": "Lecture diagnosis dated 2025-04-01.", "topic_tags": [ "genius", "revolution", "bureaucracy", "galileo" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0057", "segment_id": "seg-0057", "start": 3669.4, "end": 3729.47, "time_label": "1:01:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "decision between alternative ways of practicing science is called for and the circumstances that this decision must be based less on past achievement than on future promise. The man who embraces a new paradigm at an ear..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0058", "segment_id": "seg-0058", "start": 3729.47, "end": 3791.84, "time_label": "1:02:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "is sent by God to tell us the truth okay that's Galileo Galileo if you actually met the person you would think this guy's a complete asshole all right he's arrogant he's obnoxious all he does is make fun of me okay but..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "For most of history, Jiang says science served religion by validating it, which creates confirmation bias: people seek evidence that supports what they already want to believe.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059" ], "temporal_scope": "Lecture summary of the science-religion relation.", "topic_tags": [ "science", "religion", "confirmation-bias" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "segment_id": "seg-0059", "start": 3791.9, "end": 3865.07, "time_label": "1:03:11", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because there will be other classes on these topics. We'll be discussing quantum mechanics at a future date. So I want to make sure that we understand the argument. Okay, so our argument is this. For most of history, sc..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "The same scientific bureaucracy that produced rapid progress now produces political control, overspecialization, lack of accountability, insularity, gatekeeping, and loss of creativity.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064" ], "temporal_scope": "Contemporary diagnosis dated 2025-04-01.", "topic_tags": [ "scientific-bureaucracy", "overspecialization", "gatekeeping", "creativity" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "segment_id": "seg-0062", "start": 4002.693, "end": 4074.16, "time_label": "1:06:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And so what happens is that each department is inspecting and auditing the work of the previous department to make sure the results are, are accurate and correct. Okay? Does that make sense? And it turns out if you do i..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "segment_id": "seg-0063", "start": 4074.28, "end": 4154.51, "time_label": "1:07:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay? So if you run experiments, well, you use, you use a lot of instruments, okay? All of these instruments are so complicated that normal scientists don't really understand what you're doing. Okay? So that's the secon..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0064", "segment_id": "seg-0064", "start": 4157.16, "end": 4227.99, "time_label": "1:09:17", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So this is the great irony of science. Science was initiated, inspired by the genius of Galileo, Newton, and Einstein. But today, science has developed to a point where it no longer is welcome. Galileo, Newton, or Einst..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang says Newton searched the Bible for a secret code that would reveal the future and was convinced of the Second Coming.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071" ], "temporal_scope": "Newton interpretation in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "newton", "bible-code", "second-coming", "prophecy" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "segment_id": "seg-0070", "start": 4370.996, "end": 4429.28, "time_label": "1:12:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because they reveal genius to you. But for whatever reason, they didn't really sell very well. OK. And the sale was so bad, the auction was so bad, that it was sold piecemeal, OK? And one person who bought the notes was..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4431.96, "end": 4497.35, "time_label": "1:13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He was convinced that Jesus will return. I mean, these are all Christians at this point, right? He was actually convinced that Jesus will return. And so he wanted to know when he would return and how he would return, OK..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Newton is described as a Christian Zionist because he believed Jesus's return required conditions, including the return of Jews to Jerusalem under Ottoman control.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ], "temporal_scope": "Jiang's historical interpretation dated 2025-04-01.", "topic_tags": [ "newton", "christian-zionism", "second-coming", "jerusalem", "ottoman-empire" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4431.96, "end": 4497.35, "time_label": "1:13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He was convinced that Jesus will return. I mean, these are all Christians at this point, right? He was actually convinced that Jesus will return. And so he wanted to know when he would return and how he would return, OK..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4497.57, "end": 4554.98, "time_label": "1:14:57", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "OK? He was actually convinced that we had to get all the world's Jews and return them to Jerusalem, OK? Only problem was Jews didn't want to go back, OK? And so I think Newton, and this is completely unknown about him,..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang says Newton was part of a secret society with John Locke and others who saw themselves as the true church and rejected the Trinity in favor of one God.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical claim in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "newton", "john-locke", "secret-society", "trinity" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4497.57, "end": 4554.98, "time_label": "1:14:57", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "OK? He was actually convinced that we had to get all the world's Jews and return them to Jerusalem, OK? Only problem was Jews didn't want to go back, OK? And so I think Newton, and this is completely unknown about him,..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang argues that Newton's influence helped promote Christian Zionism in England, from which believers later went to America imagining America as the new Jerusalem.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical interpretation in the 2025-04-01 lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "newton", "christian-zionism", "england", "america", "new-jerusalem" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "medium", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4555, "end": 4613.54, "time_label": "1:15:55", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And he was the representative. He was the representative of God on Earth. He was here on a divine mission. 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So he was part of the secret society to try to achieve Christian Zionism and to discover when the Second Coming..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074", "segment_id": "seg-0074", "start": 4613.54, "end": 4639.3, "time_label": "1:16:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "World War I, when the Ottoman Empire was defeated, the British Empire now gives permission to all the Jews in the world to return to Jerusalem whether or not they want to. OK? So this is why history is so important. Bec..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "Jiang says the point is not whether Newton was correct about 2060, but that powerful people can believe a prophecy and use money, influence, and power to make it come true.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076" ], "temporal_scope": "Contemporary warning in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "prophecy", "power", "plan", "christian-zionism", "2060" ], "claim_type": "diagnosis", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075", "segment_id": "seg-0075", "start": 4639.54, "end": 4642.58, "time_label": "1:17:19", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "I'm sorry. He was right. 2060." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "segment_id": "seg-0076", "start": 4644.33, "end": 4703.53, "time_label": "1:17:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Well, again, OK. I'm just kidding. So 2060, again, that's not the issue. 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So the rays and motion of the holy light draw forth t..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0004", "segment_id": "seg-0004", "start": 209.12, "end": 268.4, "time_label": "3:29", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "There's no boundaries to you. But if you're human, you're forced to have an imagination because you'll make mistakes. You will fail. There are things that you do not know. 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So by understanding the movement of stars, you're able to divine, or predict the future of humanity. Okay? So every major king..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0010", "segment_id": "seg-0010", "start": 616.56, "end": 684.86, "time_label": "10:16", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So basically, it turned lead into gold. And again, this was an extremely popular practice in the primitive societies, okay? So these are three major sciences in the primitive societies. China, Egypt, and India. And they..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "The scientific method consists of questions and hypotheses, protocols for testing hypotheses, experimentation, and a system of doubt and criticism through peer review.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019" ], "temporal_scope": "Definition used in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "scientific-method", "peer-review", "hypothesis", "experiment" ], "claim_type": "definition", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0018", "segment_id": "seg-0018", "start": 1176.65, "end": 1246.34, "time_label": "19:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because religion purports to be the truth, right? And what science is saying is like, how do you know if you're right? Well, we know if you're right because we have methods to test you, okay? So science is putting itsel..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "segment_id": "seg-0019", "start": 1246.81, "end": 1311.54, "time_label": "20:46", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Now last thing is it creates a system of doubt and criticism in order to test all experimental results. And today we call them academic societies and peer -reviewed journals, okay? 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And this cosmological system, which he wrote in a book called The Almagest, he made certain argu..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0022", "segment_id": "seg-0022", "start": 1463.05, "end": 1544.15, "time_label": "24:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And as you can see, you can't read this, but there's a lot of mathematical detail in the book. And because Ptolemy's perspective aligned with theology. The Bible. It was accepted, it was accepted true for over a thousan..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0023", "segment_id": "seg-0023", "start": 1544.15, "end": 1601.42, "time_label": "25:44", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "the saying back then is, it is the job of the church, the Catholic church, to tell you how to go to heaven, not how the heavens go. Okay? So the Catholic church didn't really care one way. 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And that's why he's saying that the Earth is the last of the planet, okay? And this..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0027", "segment_id": "seg-0027", "start": 1803.76, "end": 1866.78, "time_label": "30:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "But it's not that great. But with this telescope... This new invention, Galileo did amazing things. First thing he did was he discovered that Jupiter had moons. 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And the Protestants will say, you see how anti -science the church is. And Galileo will be... Will be remembered now as the father of modern scien..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "segment_id": "seg-0034", "start": 2256.81, "end": 2314.73, "time_label": "37:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Newton, as you know, he's the person who created calculus. The calculus you're learning in school, guess what? He was responsible for the creation of calculus. Now, what's really interesting for us to know about Newton..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "segment_id": "seg-0036", "start": 2372.44, "end": 2453.72, "time_label": "39:32", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "At this time, Latin is the universal language of scientists, right? And also, guys, at this time, they're not called scientists. They're called natural philosophers, all right? 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We'll be discussing quantum mechanics at a future date. So I want to make sure that we understand the argument. Okay, so our argument is this. For most of history, sc..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "segment_id": "seg-0060", "start": 3865.53, "end": 3920.75, "time_label": "1:04:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay? And the second thing is they asked students how they think they did on that IQ test. Were you in the top 5 %? Were you in the bottom 5 %? Were you average? Okay? And it turned out that once they looked at all the..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0061", "segment_id": "seg-0061", "start": 3920.75, "end": 4002.693, "time_label": "1:05:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "If you're able to doubt yourself, if you're able to question yourself, if you're able to self -reflect, that's a sign of an excellent student. Okay? In fact, the best sign of an excellent student. 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He didn't have any children. So his en..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "segment_id": "seg-0070", "start": 4370.996, "end": 4429.28, "time_label": "1:12:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because they reveal genius to you. But for whatever reason, they didn't really sell very well. OK. And the sale was so bad, the auction was so bad, that it was sold piecemeal, OK? And one person who bought the notes was..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "claim": "John Maynard Keynes bought and read some Newton papers expecting mathematics but found alchemy and theology instead.", "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070" ], "temporal_scope": "Historical anecdote in this lecture.", "topic_tags": [ "keynes", "newton", "alchemy", "theology" ], "claim_type": "evidence", "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "segment_id": "seg-0070", "start": 4370.996, "end": 4429.28, "time_label": "1:12:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because they reveal genius to you. But for whatever reason, they didn't really sell very well. OK. And the sale was so bad, the auction was so bad, that it was sold piecemeal, OK? And one person who bought the notes was..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "glossary_terms": [ { "term": "alchemy", "usages": [ "A premodern science Jiang describes as chemistry plus sorcery: hacking polytheistic chaos to obtain power over matter and mortality." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0009" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0009", "segment_id": "seg-0009", "start": 549.7, "end": 616.34, "time_label": "9:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "you're trying to link the movement of the stars, the cosmos, with events in the world, okay? So by understanding the movement of stars, you're able to divine, or predict the future of humanity. Okay? So every major king..." } ] }, { "term": "Balfour Declaration", "usages": [ "Jiang uses it as the later political expression of a Christian Zionist project to return Jews to Jerusalem after Ottoman defeat." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4555, "end": 4613.54, "time_label": "1:15:55", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And he was the representative. He was the representative of God on Earth. He was here on a divine mission. So he was part of the secret society to try to achieve Christian Zionism and to discover when the Second Coming..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074", "segment_id": "seg-0074", "start": 4613.54, "end": 4639.3, "time_label": "1:16:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "World War I, when the Ottoman Empire was defeated, the British Empire now gives permission to all the Jews in the world to return to Jerusalem whether or not they want to. OK? So this is why history is so important. Bec..." } ] }, { "term": "Christian Zionism", "usages": [ "In Jiang's usage, the belief that facilitating Jewish return to Jerusalem helps create the conditions for Jesus's return." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4431.96, "end": 4497.35, "time_label": "1:13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He was convinced that Jesus will return. I mean, these are all Christians at this point, right? He was actually convinced that Jesus will return. And so he wanted to know when he would return and how he would return, OK..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0072", "segment_id": "seg-0072", "start": 4497.57, "end": 4554.98, "time_label": "1:14:57", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "OK? He was actually convinced that we had to get all the world's Jews and return them to Jerusalem, OK? Only problem was Jews didn't want to go back, OK? And so I think Newton, and this is completely unknown about him,..." } ] }, { "term": "confirmation bias", "usages": [ "Previewed in context as the human and religious tendency to seek evidence that confirms existing claims.", "The tendency to look only for evidence that supports one's existing claims, desires, or need for validation." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "segment_id": "seg-0059", "start": 3791.9, "end": 3865.07, "time_label": "1:03:11", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because there will be other classes on these topics. We'll be discussing quantum mechanics at a future date. So I want to make sure that we understand the argument. Okay, so our argument is this. For most of history, sc..." } ] }, { "term": "dark energy", "usages": [ "Jiang's critical usage: a concept scientists invoke when the Big Bang model has unexplained expansion behavior." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0043" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0042", "segment_id": "seg-0042", "start": 2752.62, "end": 2812.2, "time_label": "45:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "is this massive energy explosion and so the galaxies will develop later but our data tells us the galaxies came before much much earlier than we expect okay that's the first thing second problem that we have with the Bi..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0043", "segment_id": "seg-0043", "start": 2812.2, "end": 2874.4, "time_label": "46:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "dark energy means we don't know what it is okay doesn't mean it exists and we can't see it it just means we have no idea what it is we can explain why the Big Bang is expanding really fast at certain points and really s..." } ] }, { "term": "Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems", "usages": [ "Galileo's 1632 dialogue defending heliocentrism and satirizing opponents, including arguments associated with Pope Urban VIII." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0030", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0031" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0030", "segment_id": "seg-0030", "start": 1990.28, "end": 2051.7, "time_label": "33:10", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "he was a very famous author, he was extremely intelligent, he thought that God loved him, okay? So as you can imagine, it was a complete disaster. It was a disastrous meeting, the Inquisition told him to shut up, okay?..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0031", "segment_id": "seg-0031", "start": 2052.08, "end": 2109.803, "time_label": "34:12", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Where he presented his argument again for the heliocentric model. Not only that, but he made fun of his enemies. So it's a dialogue, and the chief enemy of Galileo, his name was Simplicitus, okay? Simplicitus, moron. No..." } ] }, { "term": "Dunning-Kruger", "usages": [ "Jiang's classroom example of people misjudging their own performance, used to show why doubt matters." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0060" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "segment_id": "seg-0059", "start": 3791.9, "end": 3865.07, "time_label": "1:03:11", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because there will be other classes on these topics. We'll be discussing quantum mechanics at a future date. So I want to make sure that we understand the argument. Okay, so our argument is this. For most of history, sc..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0060", "segment_id": "seg-0060", "start": 3865.53, "end": 3920.75, "time_label": "1:04:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay? And the second thing is they asked students how they think they did on that IQ test. Were you in the top 5 %? Were you in the bottom 5 %? Were you average? Okay? And it turned out that once they looked at all the..." } ] }, { "term": "gatekeeping", "usages": [ "The institutional effect of insularity: only those who spend years inside the system and follow its rules are allowed in." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0063", "segment_id": "seg-0063", "start": 4074.28, "end": 4154.51, "time_label": "1:07:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay? So if you run experiments, well, you use, you use a lot of instruments, okay? All of these instruments are so complicated that normal scientists don't really understand what you're doing. Okay? So that's the secon..." } ] }, { "term": "geocentric model", "usages": [ "Ptolemy's model that Earth stands still while celestial bodies revolve around it in circular motion." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0021" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0021", "segment_id": "seg-0021", "start": 1386.08, "end": 1462.91, "time_label": "23:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "In about 150, a Greek scientist named Ptolemy, working in Egypt, he developed the first comprehensive cosmological system. And this cosmological system, which he wrote in a book called The Almagest, he made certain argu..." } ] }, { "term": "heliocentric model", "usages": [ "Copernicus and Kepler's sun-centered alternative, initially less refined but increasingly supported by observation and data." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0022", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0024" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0022", "segment_id": "seg-0022", "start": 1463.05, "end": 1544.15, "time_label": "24:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And as you can see, you can't read this, but there's a lot of mathematical detail in the book. And because Ptolemy's perspective aligned with theology. The Bible. It was accepted, it was accepted true for over a thousan..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0024", "segment_id": "seg-0024", "start": 1602.06, "end": 1676.02, "time_label": "26:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the heliocentric model, it is much more refined, much more accepted at this point than the heliocentric model. This man, his name is Tycho Braque, and he is a Danish polymath as well. He comes from a very noble famil..." } ] }, { "term": "heresy", "usages": [ "In Jiang's explanation, not mere disagreement with the Church but refusal to accept Church authority and claiming superior scriptural interpretation." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0029" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0029", "segment_id": "seg-0029", "start": 1929.46, "end": 1990.08, "time_label": "32:09", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "That's what the Bible says. Also, if you look at Genesis, it's clear that God created the Earth first, and then he created the heavens, the sun and the moon and the stars. So logically, everything should revolve around..." } ] }, { "term": "monotheism", "usages": [ "In this lecture, the intellectual premise that one God designed a knowable universe and gave humans the capacity and responsibility to discover its laws." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0013", "segment_id": "seg-0013", "start": 831.59, "end": 905.6, "time_label": "13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Without these theological assumptions, the Sino -Revolution would not be possible, okay? So the first and most important idea is the idea of monotheism. There is one God, okay? And again, the very idea of monotheism is..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0015", "segment_id": "seg-0015", "start": 970.95, "end": 1045.7, "time_label": "16:10", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "There's a deep sense that God is in our lives orchestrating events. The last major difference is that between fate and progress, okay? If there's truth in this world, if there's goodness in this world, then we have a re..." } ] }, { "term": "new Jerusalem", "usages": [ "Jiang's description of how Christian Zionists imagined America in the historical chain from England to American apocalyptic politics." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4555, "end": 4613.54, "time_label": "1:15:55", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And he was the representative. He was the representative of God on Earth. He was here on a divine mission. So he was part of the secret society to try to achieve Christian Zionism and to discover when the Second Coming..." } ] }, { "term": "normal science", "usages": [ "Science inside an accepted paradigm, refining known problems and puzzle pieces rather than inventing a new picture." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0055" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0054", "segment_id": "seg-0054", "start": 3483.66, "end": 3548.65, "time_label": "58:03", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "from that what does scripture take out a the knowledge of those facts that the paradigm displays as particularly revealing by increasing the extent of the match between those facts and the paradigm's predictions and by..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0055", "segment_id": "seg-0055", "start": 3548.97, "end": 3607.37, "time_label": "59:08", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "To solve a jigsaw puzzle is not, for example, merely to make a picture. Either a child or a contemporary artist could do that by scattering selected pieces as abstract shapes upon some neutral ground. So this is really..." } ] }, { "term": "paradigm shift", "usages": [ "Kuhn-derived model in which science advances through revolutions between frameworks rather than gradual accumulation alone." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0052" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0052", "segment_id": "seg-0052", "start": 3381.11, "end": 3440.44, "time_label": "56:21", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "of sonic revolutions okay this is a book that I highly recommend if you ever said this history of science this is a book the first book that you will read because he goes into how science develops over the centuries the..." } ] }, { "term": "peer review", "usages": [ "A modern scientific institution where published results are presented to peers who criticize and search for flaws." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "segment_id": "seg-0019", "start": 1246.81, "end": 1311.54, "time_label": "20:46", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Now last thing is it creates a system of doubt and criticism in order to test all experimental results. And today we call them academic societies and peer -reviewed journals, okay? So if you're a scientist working today..." } ] }, { "term": "Principia", "usages": [ "Newton's book that Jiang presents as mathematically proving heliocentrism and formulating laws of motion." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0036" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0035", "segment_id": "seg-0035", "start": 2315.66, "end": 2372.04, "time_label": "38:35", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "People understood faith. They understood faith as a very important cornerstone of science. Without faith, how could you have the energy and the inspiration to understand the mind of God, okay? Newton is also famous for..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "segment_id": "seg-0036", "start": 2372.44, "end": 2453.72, "time_label": "39:32", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "At this time, Latin is the universal language of scientists, right? And also, guys, at this time, they're not called scientists. They're called natural philosophers, all right? Science is considered a part of philosophy..." } ] }, { "term": "sacred geometry", "usages": [ "Ancient science that treats the fundamental structure of reality as geometric shapes, solids, vibration, chi, and divine mathematical form." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0005", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0007" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0005", "segment_id": "seg-0005", "start": 268.4, "end": 334.95, "time_label": "4:28", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "That's very fundamental to the idea of science. And last idea is we can master these laws to better our reality, okay? So these are the three hidden messages of divine comedy that will influence the development of scien..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0006", "segment_id": "seg-0006", "start": 334.95, "end": 406.51, "time_label": "5:34", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And from these geometric shapes you can give rise to every possible reality, alright? So this is called the Egg of Life and from the egg of life you just keep on expanding it you will get all reality, okay? These are ac..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0007", "segment_id": "seg-0007", "start": 406.75, "end": 483.64, "time_label": "6:46", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "But there's another way you can understand sacred geometry, and it's as vibrations, as energy, as a force, okay? And this is the way that the Chinese understand sacred geometry, right? As chi, as life force, as well as..." } ] }, { "term": "scientific bureaucracy", "usages": [ "A specialized institutional system for hypothesis, experiment, audit, interpretation, publication, and authority that Jiang says now promotes itself." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "segment_id": "seg-0044", "start": 2874.4, "end": 2930.38, "time_label": "47:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "have the most advanced science in the world and what and the reason why the most advanced science in the world is because they turn science into a bureaucracy a very specialized bureaucracy okay so I'm not going to read..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "segment_id": "seg-0045", "start": 2930.42, "end": 2994, "time_label": "48:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "These we call interpreters of nature. So these are theoreticians. They're the ones who take this experimental data and combine it into a theory. And so Bacon is proposing a scientific bureaucracy. And guess what, guys?..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0048", "segment_id": "seg-0048", "start": 3133.405, "end": 3198.42, "time_label": "52:13", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Just ask me. All right, so the real problem is this. Okay, the real problem is this. Science has become an imperial bureaucracy. That's the real issue, all right? If you think about the world we live in today, the field..." } ] }, { "term": "scientific method", "usages": [ "Modern method of knowing truth by questioning, doubting, and testing claims rather than relying on divine inspiration." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0012" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0012", "segment_id": "seg-0012", "start": 759.2, "end": 831.09, "time_label": "12:39", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "It's basically a psychedelic, okay? Today, we don't rely on intuition and imagination. We think this is superstitious. We rely mainly on something called the scientific method, okay? And later on, I will... We'll discus..." } ] }, { "term": "Second Coming", "usages": [ "Christian belief in Jesus's return, here used as the target of Newton's biblical prediction and political-theological planning." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0070", "segment_id": "seg-0070", "start": 4370.996, "end": 4429.28, "time_label": "1:12:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because they reveal genius to you. But for whatever reason, they didn't really sell very well. OK. And the sale was so bad, the auction was so bad, that it was sold piecemeal, OK? And one person who bought the notes was..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4431.96, "end": 4497.35, "time_label": "1:13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He was convinced that Jesus will return. I mean, these are all Christians at this point, right? He was actually convinced that Jesus will return. And so he wanted to know when he would return and how he would return, OK..." } ] }, { "term": "Second Revolution", "usages": [ "ASR phrase used here for the Scientific Revolution: the movement from direct access to God and divine law into methods for knowing truth." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0002" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "segment_id": "seg-0001", "start": 0, "end": 74.5, "time_label": "0:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay, good morning. So today we do the Second Revolution, okay? And as I mentioned in previous classes, it was really Dante who helped give birth to the idea of modernity. And he really launched three major movements, w..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0002", "segment_id": "seg-0002", "start": 74.64, "end": 146.795, "time_label": "1:14", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "We should be able to speak with God directly through the Bible. The Second Revolution, it's really about how can we know God, okay? That's the idea. That's the idea of the Second Revolution. So let's review why we have..." } ] }, { "term": "space-time curvature", "usages": [ "Einstein's explanation for gravity: massive objects warp space-time and draw bodies into orbit." ], "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0039" ], "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0038", "segment_id": "seg-0038", "start": 2513.03, "end": 2568.34, "time_label": "41:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And this is a revolution. We didn't... We didn't understand this before, right? We just thought... We just assumed that solids and vibrations are different. And what Einstein is saying is that in order for a solid to ex..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0039", "segment_id": "seg-0039", "start": 2569.25, "end": 2629.12, "time_label": "42:49", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He believed that in the heavens, there was a space -time curvature. And so what was happening was this. A mass, a huge object, it would go into the space -time curvature and warp it. And because it warped it, it drew th..." } ] } ], "chronology_notes": [ { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0001" ], "note": "The 2025-04-01 lecture explicitly links this scientific-revolution episode to the preceding Dante, Renaissance, and Protestant Reformation classes.", "possible_update_to_prior_position": false, "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0001", "segment_id": "seg-0001", "start": 0, "end": 74.5, "time_label": "0:00", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Okay, good morning. So today we do the Second Revolution, okay? And as I mentioned in previous classes, it was really Dante who helped give birth to the idea of modernity. And he really launched three major movements, w..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0016" ], "note": "The lecture places Jesuit scientific institution-building inside the Catholic Counter-Reformation rather than outside religion.", "possible_update_to_prior_position": false, "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0016", "segment_id": "seg-0016", "start": 1045.7, "end": 1103.793, "time_label": "17:25", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the Protestants are heavily devoted to science because they want to... Okay? They want to understand the will and mind of God. The Catholics themselves are also promoting science. The Catholics will create a new soci..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0020" ], "note": "Jiang dates the visible productivity inflection to around 1700 and frames it as an effect of scientific method.", "possible_update_to_prior_position": false, "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0019", "segment_id": "seg-0019", "start": 1246.81, "end": 1311.54, "time_label": "20:46", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Now last thing is it creates a system of doubt and criticism in order to test all experimental results. And today we call them academic societies and peer -reviewed journals, okay? So if you're a scientist working today..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0020", "segment_id": "seg-0020", "start": 1312.75, "end": 1385.54, "time_label": "21:52", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And this has meant that we are now able to feed more and more people. So before 1700, you really couldn't get above a few hundred million people. Okay. And now we are at nine, we are projected to reach nine billion peop..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0030" ], "note": "Jiang dates Galileo's renewed publication conflict to 1632 under Pope Urban VIII.", "possible_update_to_prior_position": false, "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0030", "segment_id": "seg-0030", "start": 1990.28, "end": 2051.7, "time_label": "33:10", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "he was a very famous author, he was extremely intelligent, he thought that God loved him, okay? So as you can imagine, it was a complete disaster. It was a disastrous meeting, the Inquisition told him to shut up, okay?..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034" ], "note": "Jiang reports Newton's end-of-world calculation as roughly 2050 or 2060 here, before later settling the classroom exchange around 2060.", "possible_update_to_prior_position": false, "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0034", "segment_id": "seg-0034", "start": 2256.81, "end": 2314.73, "time_label": "37:36", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Newton, as you know, he's the person who created calculus. The calculus you're learning in school, guess what? He was responsible for the creation of calculus. Now, what's really interesting for us to know about Newton..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0045" ], "note": "Jiang dates the Royal Society of London to 1660 and uses it as a pivot from method to institution.", "possible_update_to_prior_position": false, "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0045", "segment_id": "seg-0045", "start": 2930.42, "end": 2994, "time_label": "48:50", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "These we call interpreters of nature. So these are theoreticians. They're the ones who take this experimental data and combine it into a theory. And so Bacon is proposing a scientific bureaucracy. And guess what, guys?..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0052" ], "note": "Jiang introduces Kuhn after Einstein and quantum mechanics to reinterpret the whole scientific-revolution narrative as paradigm conflict.", "possible_update_to_prior_position": false, "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0051", "segment_id": "seg-0051", "start": 3326.414, "end": 3381.11, "time_label": "55:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So if you go and look back in the 1930s and 40s, and you look at their arguments, what you will find is that Einstein was very clear, was very logical, was very clear, was very logical, was very logical, was very logica..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0052", "segment_id": "seg-0052", "start": 3381.11, "end": 3440.44, "time_label": "56:21", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "of sonic revolutions okay this is a book that I highly recommend if you ever said this history of science this is a book the first book that you will read because he goes into how science develops over the centuries the..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062" ], "note": "Jiang credits Bacon's process with explaining roughly 300 to 400 years of rapid scientific progress, then treats the same structure as a present problem.", "possible_update_to_prior_position": false, "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0062", "segment_id": "seg-0062", "start": 4002.693, "end": 4074.16, "time_label": "1:06:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And so what happens is that each department is inspecting and auditing the work of the previous department to make sure the results are, are accurate and correct. Okay? Does that make sense? And it turns out if you do i..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071" ], "note": "Jiang says Newton made a prediction around 2060 but marks uncertainty in this segment before a student later supplies 2060.", "possible_update_to_prior_position": false, "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0071", "segment_id": "seg-0071", "start": 4431.96, "end": 4497.35, "time_label": "1:13:51", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "He was convinced that Jesus will return. I mean, these are all Christians at this point, right? He was actually convinced that Jesus will return. And so he wanted to know when he would return and how he would return, OK..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076" ], "note": "The student supplies or confirms 2060, and Jiang then treats 2060 as the date while emphasizing that correctness is not the issue.", "possible_update_to_prior_position": false, "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0075", "segment_id": "seg-0075", "start": 4639.54, "end": 4642.58, "time_label": "1:17:19", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "I'm sorry. He was right. 2060." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0076", "segment_id": "seg-0076", "start": 4644.33, "end": 4703.53, "time_label": "1:17:24", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Well, again, OK. I'm just kidding. So 2060, again, that's not the issue. The issue is that there are very powerful people in this world who believe in this and who believe that it is the divine mission to make this come..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0077" ], "note": "The lecture closes by saying the next class will start the Age of Exploration, preserving course chronology.", "possible_update_to_prior_position": false, "confidence": "high", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0077", "segment_id": "seg-0077", "start": 4703.75, "end": 4722.2, "time_label": "1:18:23", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "That should be the major concern. All right? OK? So I apologize for that. I apologize for going on this tangent. But so we don't have class on Thursday. But next Tuesday, we'll start the Age of Exploration. OK?" } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ], "uncertainty_notes": [ { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0002" ], "note": "The transcript says 'Second Revolution' and later 'Sino -Revolution'; context indicates Jiang means Scientific Revolution.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0002", "segment_id": "seg-0002", "start": 74.64, "end": 146.795, "time_label": "1:14", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "We should be able to speak with God directly through the Bible. The Second Revolution, it's really about how can we know God, okay? That's the idea. That's the idea of the Second Revolution. So let's review why we have..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0011" ], "note": "The transcript renders 'hallucinogenics' as 'heliocerogenics'; meaning is clear from the following psychedelics examples.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0011", "segment_id": "seg-0011", "start": 686.78, "end": 758.96, "time_label": "11:26", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Today, we are only focused on the material world, the world that we can see and know, in order to create progress, okay? We've abandoned the spiritual world, and we focus on this material world in order to manipulate it..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0024" ], "note": "The transcript appears to say 'heliocentric model' where context requires 'geocentric model' for the more refined accepted model; treat as ASR or speech slip.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0024", "segment_id": "seg-0024", "start": 1602.06, "end": 1676.02, "time_label": "26:42", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "So the heliocentric model, it is much more refined, much more accepted at this point than the heliocentric model. This man, his name is Tycho Braque, and he is a Danish polymath as well. He comes from a very noble famil..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0028" ], "note": "The transcript says Galileo's enemies made their living off the 'heliocentric model'; context suggests Jiang likely meant the geocentric model.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0028", "segment_id": "seg-0028", "start": 1866.78, "end": 1929.32, "time_label": "31:06", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "model, he was coming into conflict with a lot of academics that were extremely well established who made their living off the heliocentric model, okay? So they're having these arguments, and Galileo's arguments were ver..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0036" ], "note": "The transcript says 'Laws of planetary motion' after Newton; context is Newton's mathematical account of gravity and motion, not Kepler's original laws alone.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0036", "segment_id": "seg-0036", "start": 2372.44, "end": 2453.72, "time_label": "39:32", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "At this time, Latin is the universal language of scientists, right? And also, guys, at this time, they're not called scientists. They're called natural philosophers, all right? Science is considered a part of philosophy..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0044" ], "note": "The transcript garbles parts of the New Atlantis quotation; the surrounding explanation is clear enough to extract Jiang's bureaucracy model.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0044", "segment_id": "seg-0044", "start": 2874.4, "end": 2930.38, "time_label": "47:54", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "have the most advanced science in the world and what and the reason why the most advanced science in the world is because they turn science into a bureaucracy a very specialized bureaucracy okay so I'm not going to read..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0053" ], "note": "Segment 0053 is heavily garbled during the Kuhn quotation; extraction relies on the clearer framing in segments 0052, 0054, 0055, and 0056.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0053", "segment_id": "seg-0053", "start": 3440.44, "end": 3483.66, "time_label": "57:20", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "is not however to be either completely successful with a single problem or no success successful with any large number okay so Tommy's solution only solved a few problems it was not the complete solution the success of..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059" ], "note": "The transcript renders Dunning-Kruger as 'Dunning -Kreuzig'; the intended reference is clear from context.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0059", "segment_id": "seg-0059", "start": 3791.9, "end": 3865.07, "time_label": "1:03:11", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "Because there will be other classes on these topics. We'll be discussing quantum mechanics at a future date. So I want to make sure that we understand the argument. Okay, so our argument is this. For most of history, sc..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0068" ], "note": "Student remarks are captured without the full classroom context; they are not treated as public episode questions.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0066", "segment_id": "seg-0066", "start": 4241.52, "end": 4259.01, "time_label": "1:10:41", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "OK. Modern science is great." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0068", "segment_id": "seg-0068", "start": 4289.52, "end": 4290.72, "time_label": "1:11:29", "speaker": "SPEAKER_00", "excerpt": "I didn't know about that." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] }, { "refs": [ "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074" ], "note": "Claims about Newton's relationship to Christian Zionism, secret societies, and the Balfour chain are Jiang's lecture interpretation and should be preserved as source-grounded claims, not promoted as independent historical verification.", "refs_detail": [ { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0073", "segment_id": "seg-0073", "start": 4555, "end": 4613.54, "time_label": "1:15:55", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "And he was the representative. He was the representative of God on Earth. He was here on a divine mission. So he was part of the secret society to try to achieve Christian Zionism and to discover when the Second Coming..." }, { "ref": "video:predictive-history-cjtunkcu1ia@transcript:v1#seg-0074", "segment_id": "seg-0074", "start": 4613.54, "end": 4639.3, "time_label": "1:16:53", "speaker": "SPEAKER_01", "excerpt": "World War I, when the Ottoman Empire was defeated, the British Empire now gives permission to all the Jews in the world to return to Jerusalem whether or not they want to. OK? So this is why history is so important. Bec..." } ], "lens_points": [], "lens_points_detail": [] } ] }